FSE Pathology Final

cyst

"a sac-like structure, containing fluid or a semi-solid substance."

acromegaly

"enlargement of some bones in skull, hands and feet"

Benign tumors grow by _______ and malignant tumors by _______. "expansion, infiltration" "infiltration, expansion" "hypertrophy, hyperplasia" "hyperplasia, hypertrophy"

"expansion, infiltration"

eclampsia

"results in convulsions, coma and even death during pregnancy"

Consussion

. temporary grogginess due to blow to the head

What is the definition of disease?

Any change in the structure or function of the body that injures the tissue.

This nervous system disease is not caused by any infection and is not progressive in nature. It is found in children. What is ? Parkinson's disease Crutzfeldt-Jakob Cerebral palsy Alzheimer's Multiple sclerosis

Cerebral palsy

________ is a common form of hyperadrenalism in which the control of body's water and salt level is affected. Addison's disease Cushing's syndrome Hyperthyroidism Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome myxedema

Cushing's syndrome

_______ consists of glands and organs that secrete different hormones.

Endocrine system

True or False: Body's response to tissue injury by burning is called infection.

False

True or False: Cardiomyopathy is the disease of heart valve.

False

True or False: Ductus arteriosus means opening between pulmonary artery and aorta fails to open.

False

True or False: Exogenous pigmentation is when a substance enters inside an organ from the body causing discoloration.

False

True or False: Gingivitis is the decaying of the teeth.

False

True or False: Leucocytosis is the drop in number of white blood cells due to infection.

False

True or False: Pathology is the study of the tissues which have been removed from the body.

False

True or False: The study of neoplasms or tumors is called ecology.

False

A branch of pathology that deals with general or broad disease processes such a necrosis. Pathology Special pathology General pathology Gross patholgy None of the above

General pathology

Some of the causes of cancer are______. Choose all correct answers. Heredity viruses environmental factors bacteria hormones

Heredity viruses environmental factors hormones

The skin is the main organ of the ____________ system and is considered the largest organ of human body.

Integumentary

What is cachexia?

Malnutrition or wasting of a body. Such as starvation.

A branch of pathology that studies changes which occur in cell of the body at the microscopic level. Pathology Special pathology General pathology Gross patholgy None of the above

None of the above

"In this condition, bones become porous, brittle, and have tendency to break easily. What is ?" Osteomyelitis Osteoporosis Osteomalacia Scoliosis Osteoarthritis

Osteoporosis

______ is a malignant tumor of bones. Osteoma Osteosarcoma Osteomalacia Osteoporosis

Osteosarcoma

____________ refers to the prediction of the probable outcome of a disease.

Prognosis

hernia

Protrusion of an organ through the wall of the cavity that normally contains it

_______ is a developmental disorder in which the spinal cord contains and abnormal curvature. Osteomyelitis Osteoporosis Osteomalacia Scoliosis Osteoarthritis

Scoliosis

A branch of pathology that studies disease processes affecting individual body areas or systems. Pathology Special pathology General pathology Gross patholgy None of the above

Special pathology

Heredity bleeding disorder is called [x] while decreased number of platelets is called [y].

Specified Answer for: x hemophilia Specified Answer for: y thrombocytopenia

There are two types of tumors, [x] and [y].

Specified Answer for: x: Benign Specified Answer for: y: Malignant

True or False: Dilatation and hypertrophy both describe the increase in the size of the heart.

True

True or False: Failure of the kidney to filter waste products out is called as uremia.

True

True or False: Hyperplasia is increase in the size of the body part due to increase in number of cells.

True

hematoma

a swelling filled with blood

Giantism

abnormally tall person

aplasia

absence of body parts.

Any disease which is obtained after birth. acquired congenital epidemic hereditary

acquired

Two types of diseases are;: acute delayed chronic necropsy endemic

acute chronic

abscess

an area of pus surrounded by a wall of tissue

furuncle

an ascess in the deeper layer of the skin

vesicle

an elevation on the skin with fluid

Embolism

an object floating through blood causing obstruction.

"Presence of any substances in the pleural cavity puts pressure on the lungs and make them collapse, a condition indicated with the term _______." atelectasis hemothorax tuberculosis empyema urethritis hemothorax tuberculosis empyema urethritis

atelectasis

chondroma

benign tumor of cartilage

osteoma

bone tumor

Hyperparathyroidism increases the level of ________ in the blood. sodium potassium water chloride calcium

calcium

Which on the following is a form of necrosis in which a cheeselike substance is located at the center of an area of pink necrosis surrounded by inflammatory granule? A. ischemic necrosis B. wet gangrene C. caseous necrosis D. gas gangrene

caseous necrosis

A fracture in which a bone crushed or splintered is called ______. compound comminuted greekstick complete partial

comminuted

Lymphoma is tumor found in . connective tissue muscles nervous tissue epithelial tissue

connective tissue

_______ is the condition in males when testes do not descend down to the scrotum before birth. paresis vaginitis orchitis cryptoorchidism

cryptoorchidism

ischemia

decreased blood flow to a part of body

Cirrhosis

degeneration of the liver cells

"For an embalmer, infections of the digestive system can lead to several problems, such as (choose all the correct answers)." dehydration rapid blood coagulation spread of the disease rapid decomposition choice of the chemicals

dehydration rapid blood coagulation rapid decomposition

Diabetes mellitis

disease due to insufficient insulin produced by the body

pandemic

diseases that affect a large number of people.

The brain and spinal cord are protective by three layers of protective membranes called the meninges. These meninges are; dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater" "dura mater, arachnoid mater, and epidural mater" "dura mater, extra dural mater, and pia mater" "neural mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater"

dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater"

Achondroplasia

dwarfism

infarction

dying of a tissue due to lack of oxygen

pustule

elevation of skin containing pus

________ is not infection but is long term chronic deterioration and destruction of lung tissue. cystic fibrosis tuberculosis lung asscess rhinitis emphysema

emphysema

"Endometrial tissue is the tissue present in the lining of uterus but when it is found elsewhere it cause problems such a pain, swelling and bleeding. This condition is called ______." eclampsia endometriosis Ascites endometritis

endometriosis

Trauma to the head may result into cerebral hemorrhage which are often categorized based on where they occur in relation to the meninges. The hemorrhage that occurs outside of the dura is called _____. sub-arachnoid epidural sub-dural meningitis

epidural

edema

excessive accumulation of fluid

True or false: Nervous system is divided into two parts; central nervous system and antomical nervous sytem.

false

true or false: "Gonorrhea, syphilis, genital herpes, and HIV are sexually transmitted disease that are caused by viruses and that is why they are difficult to control."

false

true or false: Bones are made of connective tissues and an adult body consist of 406 bones.

false

true or false: Goiter is the decrease in size of thyroid gland that may be caused by the deficiency of iodine in the body.

false

These are diseases that are characterized by fever. febrile acute chronic functional syndrome

febrile

Thrombosis

formation of blood clot within the heart or vessels

atherosclerosis

formation of plaques in the arteries

cholelithiasis

formation of stones in the gallbladder

adenoma

glandular tumor

Arteriosclerosis

hardening of the arteries

Signs of inflammation are. Select all correct answers. heat pain sweating swelling fast breathing

heat pain swelling

Formation of vaircose veins in the rectal are is called __________. hernia ulcer hemorrhoids

hemorrhoids

Factors affecting cardiovascular systems include; (select all that apply) heredity obesity diet diabetes blood type

heredity obesity diet diabetes

Which one of the following is not a cause of cellular injury? homeostasis hypoxia change in osmotic pressure immunological reactions

homeostasis

Kyphosis

humpback condition

Underdevelopment of kidney is called ______. calculitis hypoplasia ureteritis polycystic kidney acute kidney failure

hypoplasia

Cretinism

hypothyroidism that causes dwarfism and mental retardation in children

A disease that results from a physician's treatment of a patient. idiopathic organic syndrome iatrogenic

iatrogenic

hypertrophy

increase in cell size

hyperplasia

increase in number of cells

Food poisoning

infection of the intestines

When substances enter the body and accumulate in excessive amount, it is called. necrosis infiltration swelling degeneration calcification

infiltration

What is infection?

inflammation caused by living organisms.

Bursitis

inflammation of a bursae

Neuritis

inflammation of a nerve

arteritis

inflammation of an artery

oophoritis

inflammation of an ovary

pleuripsy

inflammation of pleura

bronchitis

inflammation of the bronchi

diverticulitis

inflammation of the diverticula

Epididymitis

inflammation of the epididymis

Glomerulonephritis

inflammation of the glomeruli

pyelonephritis

inflammation of the kidney

pneumonia

inflammation of the lungs

rhinitis

inflammation of the nasal passage

sinusitis

inflammation of the paranasal sinuses

prostatitis

inflammation of the prostate gland

pyelitis

inflammation of the renal pelvis

Dermatitis

inflammation of the skin

Myelitis

inflammation of the spinal cord

Gastristis

inflammation of the stomach

uteitis

inflammation of the uterus

Epilepsy

interference with the normal electric activity of the brain

When bilirubin accumulates in the body it causes yellowish discoloration. This condition is called

jaundice

nephrolithiasis

kidney stones

Hepatitis attachs ____________. kidney gall bladder liver intestines stomach

liver

Inflammation that affects the lobes of lungs is called as lobar pneumonia viral penumonia bronchial pneumonia emphysema

lobar pneumonia

ulcer

localized area of necrosis on the skin or mucous membrane

aneurysm

localized weakening and dilation of an artery wall

Melanoma

malignant tumor of the skin

_____ is surgical removal of a breast.

mastectomy

"Which one of the following is characterized by cellular swelling, changes in nature of cellular proteins, and the breakdown of cellular organelles in dead cells?" dry gangrene pathogeneis necrosis autolysis

necrosis

Neuroma is a tumor found in. muscles nervous tissue connective tissue epithelial tissue

nervous tissue

When the outer sac around the heart is inflammed, it is called ____. pericarditis myocarditis endocarditis metrocarditis

pericarditis

_______ is the inflammation of throat.

pharyngitis

Inflammation of the veins is called arteritis phlebitis fusiform carditis

phlebitis

What are the common causes of inflammation? Choose all correct answers. living organisms physical irritants hypoxia chemicals immunological reactants

physical irritants chemicals immunological reactants living organisms

_______ is a form of papilloma that grown with a stem from the underlying tissue. wart polyp melanoma osteoma

polyp

amyloid degeneration

present in Alzheimer's disease

_____ is the infection of nervous system that results from animal bites such as dogs and raccoons.

rabies

etiology

refers to the study of the causes of disease.

This term describe the replacement of damaged tissue with identical tissue. resolution repair regeneration suppuration exude

regeneration

metaplasia

regeneration of the cells after injury

Hyperparathyroidism

results in softening of bones

Parkinson's disease

shaking palsy that develops later in life

Atrophy

shrinkage of cells

Nevus or melanoma is a cancer of . blood bone nervous tissue skin muscles

skin

Rickets

softening of bones in children

Ostomalacia

softening of the bone in adults

Is the narrowing of the opening of the heart valves. stenosis pericarditis athersclerosis patent

stenosis

Main function of respiratory system is ______. purify blood help circulatory system clear infections carry hormones transport gases

transport gases

True or False: Carcinoma is the leading cause of repiratory cancer in the United States.

true

true or false: "Fractures, especially the ones present in the skull and face pose a big challenge to the embalmers."

true

true or false: Dermoid cyst is a common cyst found on the walls of ovary that contain greasy material produced by sebaceous glands.

true

true or false: Skin infections due to fungi are known as dermatomycoses.

true

glioma

tumor composed of the glial tissue

papilloma

tumor of epithelium in th skin and mucous

Localized area of necrosis on the skin or mucous membrane is called ___. peritonitis ulcer stenosis hernia hemorrhoids

ulcer

Prolapse is a condition of heart ______. muscle vessels veins valves adipose tissue

valves

Are the veins that become dilated and tortuous. capillaries arteries varicose saccular

varicose

Influenza and common cold are caused by _____.

viruses

hematemesis

vomiting of blood from the stomach