General Bio Chapter 4 Test
Both members of a couple are carries for a recessive disease allele. If the couple has four children, which of the following statements must be truly?
50% of the children could be carries of the disease
The molecule _______ is produced to store energy and is broken down in order to use that energy for cellular processes.
ATP
Which of the following statements about the amino acids that are required by adult humans is true?
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins
______ messages travel along neurons and ______ messages travel between neurons.
Electrical; chemical
What hormone initiates a new menstrual cycle?
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Which of the following statements disguises gamete formation in human males from gamete formation in human females?
Human males make sperm throughout their lives, beginning at puberty, whereas human females are born with all the eggs that may be fertilized
When natural selection is operating, which of the following is likely to occur?
Individuals within a population may have greater survival than others
Which of the following statements about negative feedback loop is true?
Negative feedback slows down or shuts off a process when a set point is reached
For homework your instructor asks you to write a paragraph discussing how the mouth, stomach, and small intestines work together to process food items and provide nutrients to the body. Which level of biological organization are you studying?
Organ systems
Which of the following statements accurately describes the movement of water and waste within nephron?
Water and waster both filter through the glomerulus; water is later reabsorbed from capillaries along the tubule.
If an athlete damages a ligament in his or her knee, he or she has damaged
a connection between two bones
During blood clotting, a broken blood vessel triggers a cascade of factors that collectively reduce blood loss. In this example, the clotting factors are functioning as part of
a positive feedback loop
small clusters within the lines that are responsible for exchanging of gases from the blood
alveoli
The know is part of the _______ skeleton, which is designed primarily for ________.
appendicular; motion
Which of the following methods of reproduction is NOT used by animals?
asexual reproduction involving sperm and eggs
Another name for the "pacemaker" of the heart is the
atrioventricular (AV) node
Some organisms switch from male to female, or vice versa. The most likely reason for the change is the
availability of environmental resources
A storm kills all of the plants on a hillside; the rest of the population is unharmed. This is an example of
bottleneck
For a human to inhale, the rib muscles and the diaphragm must
contract, decreasing pressure inside the lungs
Which of the following sequences correctly describes the pathway that a signal travels in a neuron?
dendrite to cell body to axon
Which of the following processes is NOT a function of nephrons?
diffusion of oxygen into body cells
Which of the following sequences places spermatogenesis in the correct order from start to finish?
diploid precursor cell, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocytes, sperm
Internal skeleton
endoskeleton
external skeleton that surrounds and encloses the soft tissue
exoskeleton
A scientific hypothesis must be potentially _____________. If must make predictions that can be clearly determined to be correct or incorrect.
falsifiable
The liver secretes bile to the
gallbladder
The liquid portion of human blood cannot absorb enough oxygen to meet the body's demand. However, ________ in out red blood cells greatly increase(s) the oxygen-carrying capacity of human blood.
hemoglobin
Process of maintaining a relatively constant internal state despite changes in the external environment.
homeostasis
Where in the body would you expect to find voluntary muscle that has banded appearance?
in a muscle that bends the knee
Blood leaving the right ventricle of the heart travels next to the
lungs
Which of the following sequences correctly describes the journey of a potato chip through out digestive tract?
mouth to esophagus to smooth to small intestine to large intestine to anus
muscle contraction is caused by
myosin filaments sliding along actin filaments
Basic functional unit of the kindness that helps cleanse the blood
nephron
Which of the following sequences places the direction traveled by an egg in the correct order?
ovary, oviduct, uterus, vagina
Location of fertilization of the egg within the female reproductive tract
oviduct
A human female has a diploid chromosome number of 46 (2n=46). Based on this information, which of the following cells is NOT properly matched with its chromosomes number?
secondary oocyte: 46 chromosomes
You touch a hot stove, this stimulus excites the ___neuron, which carries information to the ______, which carries information to the ____ neurons leading to the response of you pulling your hand from the stove.
sensory; interneurons; motor
Biological evolution is best defines as
the change in genetic characteristics of populations over time
When the blood (FIRST) arrives at an alveolus,
the concentration of carbon dioxide is higher in the blood than in the alveolus
Sperm that is ejaculated from the body would pass through which of the following?
the penis
Which of the following organs play a role in producing vitamin D?
the skin
Significant weight gain and the growth of hard on the head are events that occur during which trimester of pregnancy?
third trimester