general nutrition exam 3
s a feeling that makes a person not want to eat for a while
Satiety
What is the oxygen-carrying protein of muscle cells? a. Transferrin b. Hemoglobin c. Cytochrome d. Myoglobin e. Oxyglobin.
d. Myoglobin
Which of the following is found in the first stage of iron deficiency? a. Hemoglobin synthesis declines, as assessed by erythrocyte protoporphyrin. b. Red blood cell count falls, as assessed by hematocrit count. c. Erythrocyte protoporphyrin, begins to accumulate. d. Hemoglobin levels fall, as assessed by complete blood count. e. Iron stores decline, as assessed by serum ferritin.
e. Iron stores decline, as assessed by serum ferritin.
Which of the following is a characteristic of iron deficiency? a. Red blood cells become hypochromic and enlarged (macrocytic). b. Iron supplements are not as effective at treating anemia as is proper nutrition c. Blood erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels decline as anemia worsens d. The concave nails of iron-deficiency anemia result from high serum ferritin levels e. People with anemia generally become fatigued only when they exert themselves
e. People with anemia generally become fatigued only when they exert themselves
The DASH diet plan was devised to prevent a. diabetes. b. dehydration. c. osteoporosis. d. constipation. e. hypertension.
e. hypertension.
Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to a. provide energy for cells. b. regulate the transmission of nerve impulses. c. maintain the blood level of calcium within very narrow limits. d. maintain muscle health and function. e. provide rigidity for the bones and teeth.
e. provide rigidity for the bones and teeth.
the amount of energy the body uses to digest, absorb, transport, metabolize, and store a meal.
The thermic effect of food
What is the major electrolyte extracellular cation? Which of the following conditions is known to lead to copper deficiency? a. Excess zinc b. Cretinism c. Insufficient calcium d. Insufficient iodine e. Excess protein
a. Excess zinc
Which of the following is known to promote fat storage in adipocytes? a. Lipoprotein lipase b. Cellulite synthetase c. Adipose lipase d. Glucagon e. Lipoprotein synthetase
a. Lipoprotein lipase
What is the major cause of iron deficiency? a. Poor nutrition b. Hereditary defect c. Exposure to environmental toxins d. Blood loss e. Parasitic infections of the GI tract
a. Poor nutrition
What is the name given to the ingestion of nonnutritive substances? a. Metallothionein b. Pica c. Tetany d. Hemosiderosis e. Goiter
b. Pica
Hyponatremia refers to low blood concentration of a. renin. b. sodium c. potassium. d. aldosterone. e. chloride.
b. sodium
What is the average lifespan of red blood cells? a. Eight months b. Six months c. Four months d. One month e. Two weeks
c. Four months
What are the observed effects of sleep deprivation on leptin and ghrelin? a. Leptin and ghrelin both increase b. Leptin and ghrelin both decrease c. Leptin decreases while ghrelin increases d. Sleep deprivation only affects leptin and ghrelin in very elderly or unhealthy individuals. e. Leptin increases while ghrelin decreases
c. Leptin decreases while ghrelin increases
What is hydroxyapatite? a. Abnormal cellular structures seen in osteoporosis b. A calcium regulatory hormone secreted from the trabecular region of bone c. The calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones d. A compound in plant foods that binds to calcium and phosphorus and inhibits absorption e. Potassium crystals found in the framework of bones
c. The calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones
Iron overload is also known as a. metalloferrothionosis. b. hyperferrotosis. c. hemochromatosis. d. ferrocyanosis. e. hemoglobinemia.
c. hemochromatosis.
Goiter is caused primarily by a deficiency of a. manganese. b. iron. c. iodine. d. selenium. e. zinc.
c. iodine.
_______________ is the major anion of the extracellular fluids.
chloride
is secreted primarily by the stomach cells and promotes eating and weight gain.
ghrelin
Obesity develops when a person's fat cells increase in ___________ and ___________
number and size
