general nutrition exam 3

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s a feeling that makes a person not want to eat for a while

Satiety

What is the oxygen-carrying protein of muscle cells?​ a. ​Transferrin b. ​Hemoglobin c. ​Cytochrome d. ​Myoglobin e. ​Oxyglobin.

d. ​Myoglobin

Which of the following is found in the first stage of iron deficiency?​ a. ​Hemoglobin synthesis declines, as assessed by erythrocyte protoporphyrin. b. ​Red blood cell count falls, as assessed by hematocrit count. c. ​Erythrocyte protoporphyrin, begins to accumulate. d. ​Hemoglobin levels fall, as assessed by complete blood count. e. ​Iron stores decline, as assessed by serum ferritin.

e. ​Iron stores decline, as assessed by serum ferritin.

Which of the following is a characteristic of iron deficiency?​ a. ​Red blood cells become hypochromic and enlarged (macrocytic). b. ​Iron supplements are not as effective at treating anemia as is proper nutrition c. ​Blood erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels decline as anemia worsens d. ​The concave nails of iron-deficiency anemia result from high serum ferritin levels e. ​People with anemia generally become fatigued only when they exert themselves

e. ​People with anemia generally become fatigued only when they exert themselves

The DASH diet plan was devised to prevent​ a. ​diabetes. b. ​dehydration. c. ​osteoporosis. d. ​constipation. e. ​hypertension.

e. ​hypertension.

Almost all (99%) of the calcium in the body is used to​ a. ​provide energy for cells. b. ​regulate the transmission of nerve impulses. c. ​maintain the blood level of calcium within very narrow limits. d. ​maintain muscle health and function. e. ​provide rigidity for the bones and teeth.

e. ​provide rigidity for the bones and teeth.

the amount of energy the body uses to digest, absorb, transport, metabolize, and store a meal.

The thermic effect of food

What is the major electrolyte ​extracellular cation? Which of the following conditions is known to lead to copper deficiency?​ a. ​Excess zinc b. ​Cretinism c. ​Insufficient calcium d. ​Insufficient iodine e. ​Excess protein

a. ​Excess zinc

Which of the following is known to promote fat storage in adipocytes? a. ​Lipoprotein lipase b. ​Cellulite synthetase c. ​Adipose lipase d. ​Glucagon e. ​Lipoprotein synthetase

a. ​Lipoprotein lipase

What is the major cause of iron deficiency?​ a. ​Poor nutrition b. ​Hereditary defect c. ​Exposure to environmental toxins d. ​Blood loss e. ​Parasitic infections of the GI tract

a. ​Poor nutrition

What is the name given to the ingestion of nonnutritive substances?​ a. ​Metallothionein b. ​Pica c. ​Tetany d. ​Hemosiderosis e. ​Goiter

b. ​Pica

Hyponatremia refers to low blood concentration of​ a. ​renin. b. ​sodium c. ​potassium. d. ​aldosterone. e. ​chloride.

b. ​sodium

What is the average lifespan of red blood cells?​ a. ​Eight months b. ​Six months c. ​Four months d. ​One month e. ​Two weeks

c. ​Four months

What are the observed effects of sleep deprivation on leptin and ghrelin? a. ​Leptin and ghrelin both increase b. ​Leptin and ghrelin both decrease c. ​Leptin decreases while ghrelin increases d. ​Sleep deprivation only affects leptin and ghrelin in very elderly or unhealthy individuals. e. ​Leptin increases while ghrelin decreases

c. ​Leptin decreases while ghrelin increases

What is hydroxyapatite?​ a. ​Abnormal cellular structures seen in osteoporosis b. ​A calcium regulatory hormone secreted from the trabecular region of bone c. ​The calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones d. ​A compound in plant foods that binds to calcium and phosphorus and inhibits absorption e. ​Potassium crystals found in the framework of bones

c. ​The calcium-rich crystalline structure of teeth and bones

Iron overload is also known as​ a. ​metalloferrothionosis. b. ​hyperferrotosis. c. ​hemochromatosis. d. ​ferrocyanosis. e. ​hemoglobinemia.

c. ​hemochromatosis.

Goiter is caused primarily by a deficiency of​ a. ​manganese. b. ​iron. c. ​iodine. d. ​selenium. e. ​zinc.

c. ​iodine.

_______________ is the major anion of the extracellular fluids.

chloride

is secreted primarily by the stomach cells and promotes eating and weight gain.

ghrelin

Obesity develops when a person's fat cells increase in ___________ and ___________

number and size


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