General Psychology Module 1 Practice Quiz

The empirical method of study is based on ________. -logical positivism. -observation of phenomena. -practice of skills or procedures. -statistical validation.

observation of phenomena.

Edmund wants to identify relatively consistent patterns of thought and behavior, measure these traits, and determine how these traits interact in a particular context to determine how a person will behave in any given situation. Edmund wants to conduct research in the area of ________. -cognition -perception -personality -social psychology

personality

Behaviorism focuses on making psychology an objective science by ________. -studying how emotional responses influence behavior while deemphasizing the importance of the subconscious -studying implicit motivations for behavior through the use of implicit association tests -studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes -studying the genetic basis for behavior and theorizing how instincts influence behavior

studying overt behavior and deemphasizing the importance of unobservable mental processes

The cognitive revolution created an impetus for psychologists to focus their attention on better understanding ________. -emotions and cultural norms that underlie emotional responses -genetics and the evolutionary adaptations that underlie behavior -stimulus-response and the instincts that underlie human reaction to pain -the mind and mental processes that underlie behavior

the mind and mental processes that underlie behavior

Functionalist psychologists focus on the function of behavior and ________. -explaining the subconscious -the operation of individual parts of the mind -the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts -understanding the id, ego, and superego

the operation of the whole mind rather than the individual parts

Susan wants to study prejudice, attraction, how we explain our own behavior versus how we explain the behavior of others, and how we resolve interpersonal conflicts. Susan should conduct research in the area of ________. -Gestalt psychology -personality -psychoanalysis -social psychology

social psychology

Which individual wrote Principles of Physiological Psychology and is credited with establishing a scientific laboratory of Psychology at the University of Leipzig? -Wolfgang Köhler -Sigmund Freud -Wilhelm Wundt -William James

Wilhelm Wundt

In the study of personality, the ________ model includes different traits that are believed to underlie each individual's basic tendencies. -H.O.P.E.S. -Either-Or -Fifth Dimension -Five Factor

Five Factor

For which concept is Abraham Maslow best known? -Classical conditioning of non-human animals -Dream analysis for the latent and manifest content of a dream -Proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior -Studying the influence of reinforcement and punishment on behavior

Proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior

A(n) ________ , also known as an operant chamber, is an instrument that isolates an animal from the external environment and allows a researcher to control that animal's rewards and punishments. -Gestalt room -isolation chamber -Skinner box -Watson manipulator

Skinner box

According to William James, what was the true purpose of psychology? -To interpret dreams for their unconscious messages -Studying the function of behavior in the world -The manipulation human behavior to the betterment of society -Examining the structure and characteristics of the mind

Studying the function of behavior in the world

Cognitive psychology focuses on studying ________. -genetics and the effect of genetics on behavior -sensation and the effect of culture on perception -the effect of gender, race, and class on behavior -thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions

thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions

Which of the following is a common requirement of a PhD across different schools and/or countries? -A year-long internship -A dissertation -A minimum of three years of coursework -Earning licensure

A dissertation

Which choice is an accurate definition of a hypothesis? -An idea that proves a theory -A means of explaining social phenomena -A way of looking at the world -A tentative explanation

A tentative explanation

Which of the following exemplifies the unconditional positive regard component of client-centered therapy? -Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment. -Boris tells his therapist that that he needs stronger medication and his therapist prescribes it. -Natasha is late for her therapy session and her therapist believes she did this because she unconsciously dislikes therapy. -Xavier receives a hug from the doctor when he arrives on time; he does not get a hug when he arrives late.

Abby tells her therapist that she tripped a small child who got in her way, and her therapist accepts this information without judgment.

Which perspective within psychology that emphasizes the potential for good that is innate to all humans. -Behaviorism -Gestalt psychology -Humanism -Structuralism

Humanism

In developmental psychology, there is an increasing interest in researching cognitive changes that occur later in life. Why? -The elderly are contracting more cognitive diseases. -People in developed nations revere the elderly. -Populations of developed nations are living longer. -Populations of developing nations are dying sooner.

Populations of developed nations are living longer.

Which of the following is one of the reasons that Gestalt psychology did not become more popular in the United States? -The rise of behaviorism overshadowed Gestalt psychology. -The proponents were supported and funded by the Nazi party. -European psychology is not as rigorous as American psychology. -The theories were not based on measurable data.

The rise of behaviorism overshadowed Gestalt psychology.

Penelope studies how the structure and function of the nervous system is related to behavior. She is a ________. -biopsychologist -developmental psychologist -humanist -social psychologist

biopsychologist

Ashya wants to focus on the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and other problematic patterns of behavior. What area of psychology should she work in? -clinical psychology -cognitive psychology -counseling psychology -social psychology

clinical psychology

When studying personality traits, someone who is hardworking, dependable, and organized will score high on the ________ trait. -agreeableness -conscientiousness -extroversion -openness

conscientiousness

Lucy wants to study changes in physical attributes, cognitive skills, moral reasoning, and social behavior across the lifespan. Lucy should specialize in ________ psychology. -cognitive -developmental -personality -social

developmental

Which kind of psychologist would be consulted in jury selection and witness preparation? -cognitive -counseling -forensic -legal

forensic

Introspection refers to a process by which someone examines ________ as objectively as possible. -another person's consciousness -her own conscious experience -her own unconscious wishes -the social construction of consciousness

her own conscious experience

Oona wants to conduct research on personnel management, workplace environment, and what type of environment results in high levels of employee productivity and efficiency. Oona should conduct research in the area of ________ psychology. -existential-phenomenological -industrial-organizational -clinical -theoretical

industrial-organizational

Dr. Singh has just completed her PhD program and is now applying for a year-long program at a nationally-recognized hospital. If accepted, she will greatly advance her knowledge of behavioral neuroscience. Dr. Singh is applying for a(n) ________ training program. -fellows -applied -psychiatric -postdoctoral

postdoctoral

Psychology refers to the ________. -empirical study of humanity -experimental study of individuals -scientific study of the mind and behavior. -systematic study of human interaction

scientific study of the mind and behavior.

Which of the following choices refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time? -critical thinking -hypothesis -statistical validation -scientific theory

scientific theory

Which of the following is an example of research someone might conduct in the area of health psychology? -how the age of a leader affects the productivity of the group -what personality traits are present more often in men compared to women -whether culture influences perception -whether people working at a desk are more likely to be obese

whether people working at a desk are more likely to be obese