GI Retake Review

A client with appendicitis is awaiting treatment. Which of the following instructions would the nurse give the client while a decision is being made about surgery?

C. Refrain from eating and drinking. NPO hours prior to surgery.

Symptoms of GERD can be modified or eliminated by which nursing interventions?

C. Remain upright 1-2 hours post meals to prevent further reflux.

Which of the following nursing interventions will be most likely to help a client with an ileostomy cope effectively with body changes?

C. Set realistic goals with the client to approach the ileostomy.

A client presents with intermittent gnawing epigastric pain, which positive laboratory findings provides further evidence that the clients symptoms are related to a peptic ulcer?

C. Stool that is positive for blood.

The nurse understands that a contributing factor for peptic ulcer is the bacteria known as __________?

H. Pylori.

Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that differs from ulcerative colitis in that:

A. It is more common in the small intestine and usually affects the entire abdominal wall.

The physician ordered D5W 1,000mL for 10 hours. The flow rate will be how many mL per hour?

100 mL/hr.

The physician ordered lactated ringer solution 1500 mL for 12 hours. The flow rate will be how many mL per hour?

125 mL/hr.

Order: Vitamin B12, 100,000 units IM every day for 3 days. The stock supply is a 2 mL vial of vitamin B12 with 50,000 units per mL. How many mL per dose will you give?

2mL.

A non-invasive alternative treatment for an open cholelithiasis is lithotripsy. During a lithotripsy, the machine discharges?

A. A serious of shock waves through the water to break the stones into fragments.

Which diagnostic test is required to confirm peritonitis?

A. Abdominal X-ray.

Viral Hepatitis may be treated at home. What would the nurse teach the family regarding viral hepatitis? SATA

A. Clothes should be laundered separately with hot water. B. Personal Items and drinking glasses should not be shared. D. Hands need to be thoroughly washed after toileting.

What are the indications for a liver transplant?

A. Congenital biliary abnormalities B. Hepatic malignancy C. Chronic Hepatitis D. Chronic end stage liver disease.

Esophageal varices can rupture as a result of increase in abdominal venous pressure. Which of the following would increase abdominal venous pressure? SATA

A. Coughing C. Vomiting D. Performing the Valsalva maneuver.

A client with an ileostomy asks why the skin around the stomach turns red and oozes from the ostomy. The nurses best response is that the stool contains:

A. Digestive enzyme that can irritate the skin.

A client underwent gastric surgery and is now experiencing rapid gastric emptying with diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and pain. The nurse anticipates this client is experiencing ___________ _____________?

A. Dumping Syndrome.

SATA. A client had surgery for pancreatic carcinoma. Which of the following interventions should the nurse consider when caring for this client?

A. Empty drainage collection devices regularly. D. Ensure client receives fluorouracil and Gemzar at prescribed times.

A client reports to the nurse rectal bleeding, pruritis, and painful lumps on the anus. This data may indicate the client has:

A. External Hemorrhoids

Which subjective data is the nurse most likely to gather from a client with suspected cholecystitis? SATA

A. Indigestion after eating foods high in fat. B. Severe collicking pain in the RUQ epigastric region. C. Nausea and Vomiting. E. Flatulence.

The assessment of a client with suspected appendicitis reveals rebound tenderness over the RLQ of the abdomen half way between the umbilicus and the crest of the right the ilium. This symptom is known as?

A. McBurney's point test

Which of the following symptoms are characteristic of a client with pancreatitis?

A. Nausea and vomiting B. Steatorrhea D. Anorexia E. Diabetes Mellitus

The nurse is preparing a client for paracentesis. Which information is appropriate to include in patient teaching? SATA

A. The patient should void immediately before the procedure. C. The patient will be sitting at the bedside or in high fowler's.

A client with a bowel obstruction is scheduled for a laparotomy, possible colon resection, and temporary colostomy. A few days after surgery, the physician orders a colostomy irrigation. Which position is best to place the client in for irrigating the colostomy?

C. Sitting on the toilet

The client asks the nurse why the physician prescribed an antibiotic for the ulcer. Which explanation by the nurse regarding the use of antibiotics for ulcer therapy is most accurate?

B. Antibiotics eliminate microorganisms that deplete gastric juices.

In hepatic encephalopathy, when the nurse requested a patient stretch out their arm and hyper-extend their wrist with fingers separated, relaxed, and extended, to see if rapid or regular extension of the wrist occurs, the nurse is assessing for the presence of what?

B. Asterixis.

The nurse prepares a client with a history of recurrent PUD for abdominal surgery. As the nurse performs a head to toes assessment, which finding best indicates that the clients ulcer has been perforated?

B. Board-like abdomen.

The dietary management for patients with IBS include diet and bulking agents. Which of the following foods should the patient avoid?

B. Cabbage - causes irritation to the bowels.

What instructions should the client be given before undergoing a paracentesis?

B. Empty the bladder before the procedure.

Treatment of hemorrhoids includes:

B. High fiber and increased fluids C. Rubber band ligation D. Sclerotherapy

After the physician has preformed a liver biopsy, the nurse intervention would usually include:

B. Keep the patient lying on their right side for a minimum of 2 hours.

Your patient with PUD is complaining of black, tarry, foul smelling stools, you perform a test for occult blood and it comes up positive for blood. This type of stool is called what?

B. Melena.

An ultrasound of the gallbladder is scheduled for the client with suspected diagnoses of cholecystitis. The nurse explains to the client that this test:

B. Requires that the client be NPO from midnight the day prior to the exam.

The physician prescribes sulcrafate -Carafate for a client with PUD. When the client asks the nurse to explain the action of the medication, which of the following is the most accurate response?

B. Sucralfate covers the ulcer with a protective barrier to reduce gastric acidity.

Data collection during the nursing process reveals that the patient had been admitted for a total gastrectomy. After surgery the nurse will anticipate that the patient will need to be assessed for which of the following?

B. Vitamin B12 deficiency.

A client is admitted to the hospital for a possible duodenal ulcer. Based on the suspected condition, the admitting nurse would expect the client to report that her epigastric pain decreases with which activity?

B. When she eats food or takes a meal.

A nurse is providing patient teaching to a client diagnosed with peptic ulcer. Which of the following options should the nurse include in the teaching?

C. Avoid caffeine, cigarette smoking and NSAIDs.

The nurse anticipates that the client with ulcerative colitis will have ________ medication ordered as a part of treatment?

C. Bactrim.

In preparation for a cholescystography, the nurse asks if the client tolerates shellfish well. This is done to check for?

C. Iodine allergies

A patient with diverticulitis has been admitted to the medical unit. The nurse will most likely document which of the following in the chart?

C. Pain in the left lower quadrant.

An adult client has been admitted to the medical unit with diverticulitis. Which of the following symptoms will the nurse document as a finding?

C. Pain in the left lower quadrant.

A client diagnosed with acute appendicitis does not reach the operating room on time and his appendix ruptures. Which of the following is a possible complication of the surgical delay?

C. Peritonitis.

A client has developed peritonitis as a complication from a ruptured diverticula. When assessing the client, you would expect to find?

C. Rebound tenderness with muscular rigidity and spasms.

The client with cancer of the stomach undergoes a partial gastric resection. After surgery, the client experiences an evisceration. The nurse recognizes that?

C. The viscera is protruding through the incision.

A client has suspected cholecystitis. When the client describes discomfort to the nurse, the client is most likely to indicate that the pain becomes worse at which of the following times?

D. After eating fatty foods.

The exact cause of pancreatitis is unknown, but the two most common factors associated with this disease are?

D. Alcoholism and biliary tract disease.

A new client has been admitted to the medical / surgical unit diagnosed with IBS. With this condition, you would expect the client to complain of:

D. Alternating episodes of diarrhea and constipation.

The emergency room staff is caring for a client with acute inflammatory disorder - possible appendicitis. Which of the following nursing interventions is contraindicated for this condition?

D. Applying heat to the abdomen.

Which category of drug therapy does cimetidine - Tagamet belong to?

D. Histamine H2 receptor blocker

The client with a possible cholecystitis is scheduled for an oral cholecystography- a radiograph of the gallbladder. The night before the test, the client orally takes several tablets that will facilitate a shorter radiographic image. Before administering the contrast substance, which question is essential for the nurse to ask?

D. Is the client allergic to iodine?

The nurse is caring for a 2 hour post paracentesis client. Which of the following nursing actions must the nurse implement?

D. Measure abdominal girth.

A nurse assesses a client who had abdominal surgery yesterday and finds bowel sounds are absent. The nurse attributes this to what?

D. Paralytic Illeus.

A nurse is monitoring for a stoma prolapse in a client with a colostomy. The nurse should observe which of the following appearances in the stoma if prolapse occurred?

D. Protruding and swollen.

The physician orders a stool culture to determine the nature of the intestinal infection. Which of the following is not a possible source of intestinal infection?

D. Shingles.

Clients with hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E are typically instructed to:

D. Take vitamin B, C, and K supplements.

The nurse assess the client with gastritis for signs of fluid volume deficit, which assessment findings best indicate that the client is becoming dehydrated?

D. The client's urine is dark yellow.