gov test 3

Plessy v Ferguson

Fuller Court / segregation; "separate but equal"

Circuit Courts of Appeals (how many)?

13

Court Eras

1787- 1865 : Nation building/ Slavery, 1865- 1937 : Relationship between government and the people can be restricted, 1938- Present : Personal liberty / Social Equality

State Courts vs Federal Courts caseloads (general %)

90 +% are traffic cases, the remaing are criminal and civil cases.

District Courts (how many)?

94

Judicial Restraint

A deferential role which lets other branches lead the way.

Margin of error

A margin of error of plus or minus 4 means that the real answer is within 4 points on either side of our polls answer.

First Tuesday in November

General Elections take place.

What can the Supreme Court decide about the decision of a lower court?

Affirm/Reverse/Remand

States in Charge of Elections

All States

Judicial Activism

An active , creative partner in shaping government policy.

Writ of Certiorari

An order for a lower court to send up the records of a case for review.

Election of 1800 - bloodless revolution

Between Jefferson & Burr, it was the 1st time the power of the President changed party sides. House had to break the tie to settle the election.

Robert Bork

Borking : Obstruct someone from a candidate position

Roe v Wade

Burger Court / Abortion, due process, privacy

UC v Bakke

Burger Court / Affirmative action

Nixon v US

Burger Court / Judicial review, executive privilege, separation of powers

Precedent

Courts generally follow previous decisions involving the same issue.

Maine and Nebraska's electors

Does not use the winner take all system.

Open Primary

No Restriction on who can vote, but you must choose on parties slate of candidates.

Political Socialization

Education, Family, Religion

Primary

Election

General Election

Election of president & Congress.

Political Parties

Electors inside influence others outside / Developed during election of 1800.

What is Per Curium?

For the court

First Monday in October

Supreme Court Session Begins.

Constitutional provisions relating to Elections, including all amendments

Legislative elections Article I section 4

What are the types of opinions each Justice can give on a case?

Majority/Concurring/ Unaimous/ Dissenting

Gibbons v Ogden

Marshall Court / Congressional power to regulate interstate commerce

Marbury v Madison

Marshall Court / The birthright of Judicial Review

McCulloch v Maryland

Marshall Court / doctrine of implied powers

Caucus

Meeting

Demographic effects on voting

More whites vote than any other race

Minority President

Most votes, but not the majority

Sample Size

N = number of respondents in the sample, A large N = a more reflective sample

Closed Primary

Only Declared members of the party can vote. Independents have NO say.

Tenth Amendment

Powers not granted to the United States are reserved to the States or to the people

Common Law

Preceding law.

Likely Voters

Previous / Active Voters

Self selecting sample

Random and Reflective polls

Elements of a "good "poll

Random sample, Representative Sample, Unbiased questions, Unbiased Methodology, Timely

Bush v Gore

Rehnquist Court / vote recounts in presidential election,

Two Party System

Republican & Democrat

Roosevelt and Court Packing

Roosevelt proposes a bill to allow 15 justices

Demographics

Soccer moms, NASCAR dads

Types of Laws (3)

Statutory, Judicial, Constitutional

SCOTUS?

Supreme court of the united states

Dred Scott v Sandford

Taney Court / slavery, the definition of citizenship

Article Six

supremacy clause

Judicial Review

The court determines what is constitutional

Electoral College tie

The house decides,

Federal Question

The supremes only look at federal questions, and are supposed to avoid political questions.

Strict Construction/Originalism

The view that judges should only judge

Nomination/Confirmation process

They are nominated by the President and confirmed by senators.

Supreme Court Caseload

They hear less than 100 cases each Session.

Stare Decisis

To stand on decided cases; the judicial policy following precedents established by past decisions

Baker v Carr

Warren Court / reapportionment issues

Gideon v Wainwright

Warren Court / right to counsel

Mapp v Ohio

Warren Court / search and seizure, exclusionary rule

Brown v The Board of Ed. of Topeka, Kansas

Warren Court / segregation, "separate ... inherently unequal"

Miranda v Arizona

Warren Court / self-incrimination ("right to remain silent")

Secret Ballot

Used during the progressive movement

Voter Participation

Undecided/ Uncommited voters

Interest Groups

Works from the outside to influence electors inside

Electoral College

You are actually voting for an elector, NOT a Presidential candidate

Supremacy Clause

courts are the supreme law

The Supreme Court?

has the power to decide what the constitution means

Article Three

judicial powers