gov unit 3 -- chapters 7-13

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According to Huck, what dictates the projects that Congress funds? Choices Congress only funds projects that directly benefit the individual members' reelection campaigns. Congress can only provide funding for institutions that get support from the federal government. Congress will generally allocate funds for worthy projects if funds are available. Congress only funds those projects that will be highly visible to the voting public.

How does Tracy make new contacts on the Hill? Choices She holds a reception in their honor. She sends them a gift. She calls or emails them to set up a meeting. She hands out flyers outside the House and Senate.

What does the "Solid South" refer to? Choices Stonewall Jackson's troop positions during the Civil War the Ku Klux Klan's reign of terror during Reconstruction Democratic Party dominance in Southern states following the Civil War the oil boom in Texas at the turn of the century

What does the Consumer Confidence Index use to predict presidential election results? Choices candidates' political experience candidates' personal characteristics voters' views on the economy voters' party identification

According to the electors in the video, what are the benefits of having the Electoral College, instead of the popular vote, determine the presidency? Choices It forces presidential candidates to run a national campaign. It allows the electors to overturn a bad decision by the voters. Smaller states have a special status as tiebreakers. Smaller states have as many electoral votes as mid-sized states.

Who are considered the fathers of American political parties? Choices Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson and George Washington John Adams and Thomas Jefferson Alexander Hamilton and George Washington

What happened when the United States threatened to bomb the Syrian government in 2013? Choices Russia threatened an embargo on U.S. exports to the Middle East. Syria increased its use of chemical weapons against rebel forces in the country's ongoing civil war. Syria threatened to launch nuclear weapons at Israel. Syria agreed to disarmament of its chemical weapons.

Which of the following education policies would you expect a liberal to support? Choices individual discretion regarding childhood education the abolishment of the Department of Education local supervision and resource distribution for all public schools federal oversight of and funding for all public schools

Which of the following events (among others) engendered the political uncertainty of the 1970s and 1980s? Choices the New Deal the partisan entrenchment of the South the Lewinsky affair the Watergate scandal

Which of the following executive departments is not involved in U.S. foreign policy? Choices the Department of Defense the Department of State the Department of Commerce the Department of the Treasury

Which of the following is among the responsibilities of the Federal Reserve? Choices regulating exports printing money setting tax rates setting interest rates

According to the text, what is attitude consistency? Choices political opinions founded on a set of principles about the function of government a political focus on one set of issues maintaining the same party identification throughout one's life a mixture of either moderate and liberal or moderate and conservative opinions

Calls for journalistic reform in the early 20th century led to which of the following? Choices the establishment of journalism schools television news programs fewer editors declining newspaper readership

How might the media "frame" the issue of budget cuts? Choices by choosing certain words to refer to the budget cuts by highlighting both the benefits and the drawbacks of the budget cuts by discussing a separate issue in order to link it to budget cuts by accessing reliable sources to comment on budget cuts

Table 2 demonstrates that question wording can have what sort of impact on poll results? Choices a significant impact a real but negligible impact an impact only if respondents fail to read the question closely a tiny impact

What determines the number of electors each state receives? Choices the highest percentage of adults in relation to the rest of the state's population the number of U.S. senators and representatives from the state the geographic size of the state the number of registered voters in the state

What role does the media play in setting the political agenda? Choices Revenue from politically slanted news programs is used to fund Democratic or Republican campaigns. News outlets choose which stories receive public attention. Reporters tell members of Congress what legislation to pass. Presidents use the media to dictate public policy to state governors.

A majority of Americans rely on which of the following for breaking news? Choices national television local television the internet radio

According to Zeynep Tufekci, why is the size of a protest no longer a good measure of a political movement's success? Choices It is impossible to accurately count the size of a protest. Today's digital technology makes it far easier to get people together. Every large protest typically leads to an equally large counter-protest. Government and media routinely downplay the size of political protests.

The Society of Professional Journalists formed in response to which of the following? Choices high standards of ethical behavior sensationalism in the media the Great Depression public approval of the political climate

What are both liberals and conservatives most likely to say is important to them about the people they choose to live near? Choices that they have children that they share the same political views that they have similar incomes that they have similar home sizes

Which of the following is considered an advantage of using the Electoral College system to select the president? Choices The electoral process is nationally sponsored rather than state-sponsored. It makes the election process technically complex, reducing risk of voter fraud. It preserves federalism as the Founders envisioned it. Larger states have more influence over the process.

According to the text, what is the key to proper public opinion studies? Choices open-ended surveys anonymous surveys scientific measurement ambiguously worded questions

Which of the following BEST describes the beliefs of Solid Liberals? Choices They disapprove of social safety nets and big government. They strongly support social safety nets and view the current economic system as unfair. They favor small government and a large social safety net, but they oppose immigration. They are not politically engaged, and tend to prefer cultural and religious activities.

Who is more likely to think about politics in ideologically consistent terms? Choices people who watch C-SPAN people who are more politically active people who watch Fox News people who read newspapers

Why do exit polls get so much attention on election night, according to the article? Choices Exit polls do not generate much interest on election night. Exit polls help people know if they voted correctly. Exit polls provide highly inaccurate data that entertains people. Before the actual votes are counted, exit polls fill an information vacuum at the moment when people most want to know election results.

If asked whether social media is to blame for political polarization, how would the authors likely respond? Choose the BEST answer. Choices Yes, social media is the sole cause of the extreme political polarization we are experiencing today. Social media is the result, rather than the cause, of political polarization. Social media may contribute to political polarization, but it is not the only factor. No, social media has actually diminished political polarization.

The actions of Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein led to which of the following? Choices an alliance between the media and the government freedom from scrutiny for presidents political controversy President Nixon's reelection

Using this map from the American Presidency Project, what were the final electoral vote counts for each candidate? Choices 266 votes for Bush and 271 votes for Gore 233 votes for Bush and 233 votes for Gore 271 votes for Bush and 266 votes for Gore 268 votes for Bush and 268 votes for Gore

What is the main concern of the WBTV producer, Josh, regarding the story pitched by Sarah Batista? Choices whether the information can be verified whether it will attract viewers whether it has any real news value whether rival stations are going to break the story first

What is the second announcement NBC makes about the projected winner of Florida? Choices George W. Bush is declared the winner. Al Gore is declared the winner. The Florida race is declared too close to call. Barack Obama is declared the winner.

Who was the first president to use a private polling firm? Choices Woodrow Wilson John F. Kennedy Franklin Roosevelt Dwight D. Eisenhower

Why does Karl Rove think that the media prematurely projected a winner for Florida? Choices The large voter turnout required polling precincts to stay open hours later than scheduled. Problems with voting machines caused a delay in reporting votes. The projection was made before polls closed in the western part of the state. Early voting ballots were excluded from the reported vote count.

Why does the Charlotte Observer focus on news about a legal settlement involving Bank of America? Choices The reason was not clear from the video. Bank of America is a popular mortgage lender in Charlotte. Bank of America is one of Charlotte's largest local employers. Bank of America's role in the global economic crisis is highly significant to national news.

How has the percentage of people who express consistently conservative or consistently liberal opinions changed since 1994? Choices It has decreased. It has stayed the same. It has tripled. It has doubled.

How much of the Senate goes up for reelection every two years? Choices two-thirds one-half one-fourth one-third

What accounts for the honeymoon period that most presidents enjoy? Choices improperly conducted opinion polls selection of a vice-presidential running mate voter misinformation a lack of a presidential record in office

What demographic characteristic sets New Era Enterprisers apart from other GOP-leaning groups? Choices They are more likely to be white. They are older. They are the same demographically as other GOP-leaning groups. They are younger.

What does Franco Ordonez say is an important thing to do when crafting a story on a major social or political issue? Choices to editorialize it to get the facts straight to keep it brief to humanize it

What is political typology? Choices Political typology demonstrates how vote choice aligns with party affiliation. Political typology tells you which political party best aligns with your values. Political typology groups people's views on a single issue across the political spectrum. Political typology categorizes groups of people based on their attitudes and values.

What is the first step in winning the presidency? Choices winning a majority of electoral votes among the states winning the New Hampshire primary winning the support of the party chairman winning the most party delegates to support your nomination

What was the most important source of news for adults during the 2016 presidential election? Choices social media radio newspapers television

What was the share of voters who supported Trump or Clinton in the primaries who cited social media as their main source of news? Choices less than a quarter about three-fourths more than two-thirds nearly a third

Which of the following factors (among others) might account for the results of many public opinion surveys? Choices malicious survey participants the gender of the survey facilitator opinions staying the same as circumstances change timing and context of the studies

Which of the following political systems comes closest to that of a true democracy? Choices 19th-century United States modern United States ancient Rome ancient Greece

Which of the following tend to be the most liberal in regard to social issues such as abortion and same-sex marriage? Choices white Protestants black Protestants Hispanic Catholics the religiously unaffiliated

In the 21st century, Americans have increasingly come to identify with which of the following? Choices no party the Republican Party the Libertarian Party the Democratic Party

According to Andy Arnold, the Greenville chapter of the Democratic Party has assisted Brandon and his campaign in which of the following ways? Choices It has put on a county fair in Brandon's honor. It has sponsored party meetings in the district. It has arranged for Brandon to be endorsed by John Kerry. It has made robocalls for Brandon.

Why are first-time voters so important to Brandon's chances in the election? Choices They are mostly young. They are mostly African American. They typically vote Democratic. They typically vote for the underdog.

Why are redistributive policies often controversial? Choices They give states federal money to implement policy. They involve environmental regulations. They take money from wealthier citizens and give it to poorer citizens. They limit behavior.

How do core members use messaging to benefit a protest movement? Choices They can use messaging to drive turnout at the polls. They can use messaging to suppress negative media attention. They can use messaging to keep nonbelievers out of the political movement. They can use messaging to persuade others to join the movement.

How does Brandon describe the job of a congressional representative? Choices It is about having a bold vision for the future of the country. It is about balancing opposing viewpoints and achieving compromise. It is about staying true to your own convictions and beliefs. It is about listening to and voting for the needs of your constituents.

What determines the number of electors that each state receives? Choices the state's geographical size, along with the number of members of Congress it has a simple count of the members of the state legislature, plus the governor and lieutenant governor a national lottery held every four years, which allots electors to states based on a complex formula the number of members of Congress the state has, which is partially based on its populationD

The national Democratic Party has supported Brandon Brown's campaign in which of the following ways? Choices They have offered strategic advice. They have organized rallies. They have provided financial assistance. They have not directly supported Brandon.

Tracy finds it unfortunate that "lobbyist" has become a bad word. What is the primary function of lobbyists, according to Tracy? Choices to raise campaign donations to buy influence to help sway elections to educate congressional staff

Tracy works for AAUW, a group that advocates in which of the following policy areas? Choices agriculture the environment law enforcement education

According to Julie Rose, why are sound bites important to the news reports she produces? Choices They add personality to the story. They provide necessary data in the story. They are useful in the "teasers" that the station broadcasts to generate audience interest in the story before it airs. They are very brief.

What is priming? Choices press coverage of a candidate influencing voters to switch parties press coverage of an issue influencing the way people think about related issues falsified coverage of primary elections muckraking watchdog yellow journalism

Which of the following groups is more likely to identify with conservative positions? Choices Catholics senior citizens women graduate students

Which of the following is correlated with increasingly consistent ideological thinking? Choices conservatism increased education increased income liberalism

Which of the following statements BEST captures the beliefs of Opportunity Democrats? Choices Government regulation of business is unnecessary and harmful. Strict environmental laws go too far and limit economic opportunities. Hard work is all you need to get ahead. The United States can and must act alone in global affairs.

Which of the following would have been LEAST in favor of using public opinion to guide governmental decisions? Choices Brutus I the anti-Federalists James Madison Abraham Lincoln

Which of the following would offer a reason why government leaders should pay attention to public opinion? Choices The public is extremely well informed and usually knows what's best for the country. In a representative democracy, national leaders make decisions to promote the public good. People lose trust in government when their leaders fail to adequately represent public opinion. Incumbents who base most of their decisions on public opinion stand a better chance of getting reelected.

What characteristics do the Florida electors share? Choices They are all major players in the state Republican Party. They are all political independents with no party affiliation. They are all members of Congress. They are all professors and academics.

Which constitutional amendment did unconventional participation contribute to the passage of? Choices the 26th Amendment the 14th Amendment the 22nd Amendment the 17th Amendment

How long did it take for health care reform to be formulated and adopted by the federal government? Choices six months a year a week a month

What did former House Speaker Tip O'Neill claim was the key to carrying out a successful campaign strategy? Choices the issues money the campaign organization the candidate

How much money has Brandon Brown's campaign managed to raise? Choices almost $500,000 almost $880,000 almost $16,000 almost $150,00

The RNC is which of the following? Choices a state-level party organization the Republican Party's agenda the Republican candidate election process a national-level party organization

Which of the following is among the requirements for registering to vote in New York? Choices You must have lived in the state for at least 30 days prior to the election. You must be 21 years old by the time of the election. You must have passed a literacy test demonstrating basic knowledge of the English language. You must have a New York driver's license or ID card.

Which of the following states does not use a winner-take-all system to determine which party's slate of electors will participate in the Electoral College? Choices Maine Wyoming New York Florida

What percentages of Democrats and Republicans, according to Pew, see members of the opposing party as a threat to the well-being of the nation? Choices 27 percent of Democrats and 36 percent of Republicans 90 percent of Democrats and 10 percent of Republicans 40 percent of Democrats and 70 percent of Republicans 2 percent of Democrats and 3 percent of Republicans

What was the main problem associated with the polling methods of the Literary Digest? Choices Its respondents were not randomly selected. It used badly worded questions. It was in competition with Gallup polls. It used a small sample size.

What would be considered the primary cause of Congress's initial rejection of the federal bailout package in 2008? Choices constituent opposition pressure exerted by President Bush misinformation about the bill tax incentives added to the bill

Which of the following identifies two key elements of ethical media behavior? Choices Minimize harm and be accountable. Act independently and turn a profit. Report the truth and respect the government. Be fair and satisfy audiences.

According to the text, what is the main qualification party members consider when nominating congressional candidates? Choices knowledge ideological fidelity experience electability

According to this PDF, how much would it have cost North Dakota to implement voter registration between 1999 and 2001? Choices $275,000 $1,000,000 $875,000 $100,000

Battleground states in the 2016 presidential election included which of the following? Choices Illinois Oregon Virginia Texas

How often does the Constitution require elections to be held? Choices every six years once a year every two years every four years

According to Mark Blumenthal, how should exit polls be used? Choices Exit polls should be used to understand voter behavior, but are also intended to predict election results. Exit poll results are best viewed early in the day, not after voting is done. Exit polls should be used to predict election results, not to determine voter preferences. Exit polls should be used to understand voter behavior, not to predict election outcomes.

What is the Fox Effect? Choices the influence cable news networks have on the general public's prolonged attention to one event or subject the measured extent to which cable news viewers are seeking out reinforcing information the effect that news media can have on silencing the minority the measured influence news networks have on the share of the popular vote

What percentage of Trump voters named Fox News as their main source for election news? Choices 30 percent 10 percent 80 percent 40 percent

In which of South Carolina's congressional districts is Brandon Brown running? Choices the Third the Fourth the Fifth the Second

What components of a democratic government do elections serve? Choices polarization and partisanship legitimacy and accountability structure and function authority and power

According to Professor Weissert, what might happen years down the line in terms of how CER recommendations are implemented? Choices Health care providers will not be reimbursed for procedures that fail to follow CER recommendations. Insurance companies will exploit CER recommendations to deny more claims. Costs will go down, quality will go up, and everybody will get a trophy. Outdated CER recommendations will become difficult to revise due to bureaucratic intransigence.

Why wasn't Jill Stein, the presidential candidate for the Green Party, expected to have much success in 2016? Choices She received less than 1 percent of the vote in 2012, making a victory for her in 2016 a long shot. She was unlikely to actually make it onto the ballot in more than a handful of states, as the Green Party had been struggling to generate enough support for her campaign. She had been plagued by scandal and accusations of corruption due to her connections to Washington lobbyists. She was running unopposed for the Green Party nomination, so she didn't receive media exposure from debates and other campaign events.

Why does Brandon's campaign treasurer criticize the press? Choices He feels that they have been unfair. He feels that they should not endorse candidates for office. He feels that they have not given enough coverage to Brandon or to the congressional race. He feels that their reporting has been superficial and sensationalist.

Which of the following would be considered a disadvantage of the two-party system? Choices reflection of the median of public opinion checks and balances on political power simplified vote choices limited access to minor parties

Which of the following would be considered primarily a foreign-policy issue? Choices interest rates health care law enforcement national defense

How do most states currently select their presidential nominees? Choices They are elected by voters in direct primaries. They are nominated by party delegates at state conventions. They are elected by voters in caucuses. They are hand-picked by party leaders.

What is the main goal of frontloading in the electoral process? Choices holding primaries later in order to have the final say in the election season gathering the largest number of delegates being the state to hold the last caucus exerting more influence over the selection of party presidential nominees

Groups concerned with private interests may include which of the following? Choices labor associations consumer advocacy groups civil rights organizations citizen groups

The Automobile Association of America (AAA) is a good example of an organization that provides which of the following benefits to its members? Choices material benefits right-to-work benefits medical benefits social advantages

What did James Madison identify as the most prevalent cause of interest groups (or "factions")? Choices the unequal distribution of property the progressive system of taxation federalism republicanism

Which area was hardest hit by sequestration? Choices defense Social Security Medicaid education

According to Christian Ziegler, U.S. senators and representatives cannot be electors. Why does he say this is significant? Choices It demonstrates that the system is rigged. It demonstrates that ordinary citizens have a say. It demonstrates that the parties are weak. It demonstrates that the popular vote decides the election outcome.

How many lobbyists are currently registered in Washington, DC? Choices fewer than 100 more than 11,000 approximately 500 approximately 5,000

In his farewell address, George Washington outlined his views on which of the following? Choices the formation of third parties the spirit of party as an aspect of human nature the benefits of a two-party system the responsible party government model

What does the "black box" represent in David Easton's systems model? Choices opinion polling and constituent communication the institutions of government societal outcomes new laws and regulations

Where are party platforms written and published? Choices in closed primaries at national conventions at state caucuses in city council meetings

Which of the following is a component of fiscal policy? Choices currency circulation taxation dollar valuation interest rates

Which of the following provided American aid to European countries to help their economies recover from World War II? Choices the Truman Doctrine the Marshall Plan the Cold War the Bush Doctrine

Which of the following types of policies seeks to benefit society in general by prohibiting activities that might cause harm to oneself or others? Choices domestic policies regulatory policies distributive policies redistributive policies

Which of the following was done to evaluate the No Child Left Behind Act? Choices Federal agencies conducted teacher surveys measuring the approval rate of the act. Student scores on math tests were collected and analyzed over time. Government officials used classroom observations to measure improvements. Student grades on report cards were collected and analyzed over time.

Why was the time of the Monroe administration known as the Era of Good Feelings? Choices The 19th Amendment granted female suffrage. Electoral politics were dominated by the Democratic-Republicans. No political disputes resulted in duels. Thomas Jefferson reconciled with James Monroe.

Why, according to the report, do extreme methods make protest movements less effective? Choices Extreme methods may encourage counter-protests that draw media coverage away from the original protestors. Extreme methods can cause a backlash by making it harder for observers or bystanders to identify with the protestors. Extreme methods focus public attention on the protestors' tactics at the expense of their message. Extreme methods tend to bring mass arrests that quickly diminish the size of the protest.

Which of the following was the civil rights movement known for? Choices conventional forms of participation like voting and signing petitions unconventional forms of participation like sit-ins and marches extreme forms of protest like riots and violent resistance direct involvement in party politics like campaigning and running for office

Why does a presidential candidate need 270 votes in order to win an election? Choices The number of electoral votes needed to ensure that both large and small states are fairly represented in an election is 270. The two-thirds majority required to win the Electoral College is 270. The minimum number required to win a simple majority of the votes in the Electoral College is 270. The combined total of all the electoral votes of the 12 most heavily populated states is 270.

Why is membership in the Federal Reserve advantageous for financial institutions? Choices These institutions gain prestige by participating in the Federal Reserve. These institutions are subject to fewer regulations. The Federal Reserve provides a safety net in case of economic collapse. The Federal Reserve provides annual funding for these institutions.

Why is policy change usually slow and incremental? Choices Conflicts between the parties create gridlock. Conflicts between the three branches of government create gridlock. A successful proposal must unite multiple stakeholders with different values. A successful proposal must be feasible to implement at the federal, state, and local levels of government.

A party-centered strategy would be more useful in which of the following? Choices primary elections the nomination process advertising the general election

A single event in which groups of voters switch party loyalty is known as what? Choices a decisive contest a swing vote an electoral realignment a critical election

How did George W. Bush overcome potential policy fragmentation within the federal government in the aftermath of 9/11? Choices He dissolved FEMA and handed responsibility for disaster relief to the states. He unified public opinion by making well-regarded speeches at the Pentagon and World Trade Center. He gave funding to New York City for disaster relief. He worked with Congress to consolidate various intelligence agencies.

What analogy does Tom make about lobbyists? Choices He compares lobbyists to inventors, because they both work to improve lives. He compares lobbyists to campaign advertisers, because they both raise money for politicians during election season. He compares lobbyists to lawmakers, because they both get changes made that help people. He compares lobbyists to attorneys, because they both serve as advocates for people.

What is it called when the federal government spends more money than it takes in during the year? Choices national debt outlays revenue deficit

Which of the following is a distributive policy? Choices Social Security the Affordable Care Act seatbelt laws public education

Which of the following represented the largest source of funding for the Obama campaign in 2008? Choices federal financing self-financing PACs individual donations

In which of the following forms of protest would Americans be MOST likely to participate? Choices demonstrations strikes boycotts signing petitions

Which of the following would be considered a basic campaign strategy? Choices an issue-oriented strategy a leadership-oriented strategy a legislation-oriented strategy a business-oriented strategy

The addition of independent editors to the newspaper industry allowed for more stories based on which of the following? Choices quality audience appeal sensationalism partisan preferences

What is selective exposure? Choices news consumers choosing media outlets that confirm their preexisting views news consumers seeking out new media outlets on a regular basis news consumers preferring international media outlets to domestic ones news consumers choosing media outlets that challenge their preexisting views

When a television viewer changes the channel from Hannity on Fox News, because he does not agree with Sean Hannity's perspective, to The Rachel Maddow Show on MSNBC, because he likes Maddow's criticism of the president, what is he engaging in? Choices selective exposure agenda setting deliberate exposure news aggregation

Which of the following BEST describes a similarity between the work of Julie Rose and Sarah Batista? Choices Both are concerned about getting good recorded material from their interviews. Both are searching for a political angle to the stories they're covering. Both intend to highlight hypocrisy or dishonesty on the part of elected officials. Both are pursuing stories that have a high degree of shock value.

Which of the following BEST describes voter turnout trends since the 1960s? Choices There has been decreased turnout in both presidential and congressional elections. There has been increased turnout in congressional elections. There has been increased turnout in presidential elections. Turnout in both presidential and congressional elections has remained the same.

Which of the following resulted from the 1980 election between Ronald Reagan and Jimmy Carter? Choices Media outlets agreed to wait to call races until all polls on the West Coast had closed. Presidents began to employ the services of polling firms. Voter polling methods became much more scientific than in the past. The use of straw polling was established.

Which of the following would be considered a shortcut in making voting decisions? Choices identifying with a party ignoring political messages in the media researching and evaluating party platforms visiting multiple candidates' websites

Which of the following would offer a reason why government leaders should not pay attention to public opinion? Choices Polling organizations do not always conduct surveys scientifically. The general public knows nothing about current affairs or how the government works. Elected officials must represent the will of the people. The public will lose trust in government.

Why does Julie Rose, the reporter for WFAE, spend time reading a report from the police department? Choices to ask better questions at a press conference to write a blog post on the story to summarize it on-air to coordinate with the Observer on the story

Why does Mike Gordon, the metro editor at the Observer, check the local television news websites? Choices to see if the stations have information that the Observer lacks to leave disparaging comments on the pages of news stories there to scout potential reporters for the Observer to stay apprised of any potential conflicts of interest

Which of the following statements about caucuses is true? Choices The majority of states use caucuses to select party candidates. Party members attending caucuses often will hear speeches and engage in discussions and negotiations. Caucuses are private meetings attended only by top candidates and party elites. Caucus attendees vote anonymously by secret ballot to select party candidates.

Which of the following would constitute acceptable identification to vote in Ohio? Choices a library card a copy of a current utility bill a Social Security card an out-of-state driver's license

Which two states traditionally hold the first caucus and primary of the presidential nomination season? Choices New York and Texas Iowa and New Hampshire Virginia and California Michigan and Florida

Public approval ratings of presidents tend to be which of the following? Choices exponentially increasing cyclical unreliable gradually increasing

According to the Pew report, how has ideological thinking changed over the last two decades? Choices It has been limited to rural areas of the United States. It is largely confined to the Democratic Party. It is now more closely aligned with partisanship. It has declined dramatically.

In the video, which candidate is first projected to win Florida? Choices Barack Obama John Kerry Al Gore George W. Bush

Which of the following statements BEST describes the media consumption habits of liberals and conservatives? Choices Conservatives get their news from both liberal and conservative sources. Liberals and conservatives select mostly the same sources for their news. Liberals and conservatives select very different sources for their news. Liberals get their news from both liberal and conservative sources.

How long before an election do you need to be registered in Florida in order to vote in that election? Choices You must be registered at least 40 days before the election. You must be registered at least one week before the election. You must be registered at least two weeks before the election. You must be registered at least 29 days before the election.

What ushered in the era of watchdog journalism? Choices the creation of the Pulitzer Prize conspiracy theories on the Kennedy assassination the Monica Lewinsky scandal coverage of the Watergate break-in

Which of the following could be considered an advantage of infotainment? Choices It reflects a commitment to professionalism. It reduces opportunities for the media to be sued for libel. It highlights the complexity of modern news stories. It attracts audiences who otherwise wouldn't follow politics.

Which of the following questions would be the LEAST helpful to ask when evaluating the trustworthiness of polling information? Choices In what order were the questions asked? What was the margin of error? How were the questions worded? Who asked the questions?

According to political scientist Robert Putnam, how did the political environment of the 1950s and 1960s differ from that of the present? Choices Social capital and civic engagement were higher than they are today. Third-party candidates were more popular than they are today. The civil rights movement increased voter turnout. Women tended to be more involved in politics than they are today.

As a direct result of the American Pizza Community's lobbying efforts, what did the FDA do? Choices The FDA decided to allow pizza retailers to post nutritional information by the slice rather than by the whole pizza. The FDA decided to allow delivery-based pizzerias to provide calorie information online rather than in the restaurant. The FDA decided to lift the caloric limit on pizza products. The FDA decided to allow pizza to be included in school cafeteria lunches.

Electoral reforms of the late 19th century did which of the following? Choices lessened party control over ballot design permitted non-secret balloting outlawed visual cues for voters made straight-ticket voting illegal

How do Subway and Chipotle factor into Wootan's argument in favor of nutrition labeling requirements for pizza restaurants? Choices Wootan cites Subway and Chipotle because both have menus with countless different options and are still able to add nutrition information to their menus. Subway and Chipotle have joined over 100 health organizations and experts in opposing H.R. 2017. Subway and Chipotle both have made-to-order fresh ingredients with the possibility that posted calorie ranges will not accurately represent actual calories in products. Nutrition labeling led Subway and Chipotle to change their menu offerings to limit calorie ranges in food products.

How do lawmakers ensure that a policy's effectiveness will be evaluated after it is implemented? Choices They require evaluation in the language of the law. They create agencies specifically to evaluate the law. They have a standing committee responsible for all policy evaluation. They petition the Supreme Court to evaluate the law.

How do members of Congress provide guidance to the bureaucracy on implementing new legislation? Choices They write a report explaining the intent of the legislation and how it should be interpreted. They convene meetings with the heads of the federal agencies responsible for implementing the legislation and describe what they should do. They convene a meeting with the president in which they outline their views on how the legislation should be implemented. They annotate the legislation with detailed instructions on how each provision should be implemented.

How do protestors typically measure effectiveness? Choices They believe that attention from the media and the public are good measures of effectiveness. They believe that voter turnout following a protest is a good measure of its effectiveness. They believe that the amount of money a movement can raise is a good measure of effectiveness. They believe that the intensity of criticism of a protest is a good measure of its effectiveness.

How does Tracy's prior work experience inform her understanding of the value of lobbyists? Choose the BEST answer. Choices Her experience as a House staffer makes her appreciate the role lobbyists perform in educating members of Congress and their staff. Her experience doing legislative work makes her appreciate the work lobbyists do to get laws passed. Her experience as a fundraiser makes her appreciate the campaign donations that lobbyists provide to politicians. Her experience as a White House intern makes her appreciate the passion lobbyists have for their causes and how it can influence presidential decisions.

How would Huck most likely respond to the question, "Why don't those universities and hospitals just approach Congress themselves, rather than employing lobbyists?" Choices The average person or organization does not have the political expertise necessary to gain access to members of Congress or to present their argument in the most effective way. Hospitals and universities are generally funded by states, so members of Congress tend to be unconcerned about the needs of those organizations. If individuals and organizations visited congressional offices themselves, lobbyists would be out of work. Lobbyists tend to be more intelligent and personable than the average American, so members of Congress are more interested in listening to them.

Imagine that you're a presidential candidate from the Republican Party and have to choose one state on which to focus your campaign energy during the last week leading up to the election. Of the following five states, which would be the BEST choice if your goal is to have the biggest impact on the outcome of the election? Choices Florida (29 electoral votes, went Republican in two of the last four elections and Democratic in the other two) Texas (38 electoral votes, went Republican in the last four elections) Illinois (20 electoral votes, went Democratic in the last four elections) Iowa (6 electoral votes, went Republican in two of the last four elections and Democratic in the other two)

In 2000, how was George W. Bush able to win a majority in the Electoral College when Al Gore won the national popular vote? Choices Bush was able to win a majority in enough states to reach the required number of electoral votes to win, but he won by small margins in those states. All of the states that Gore won were by smaller margins than the states that Bush won. Bush won by gaining all of the electoral votes in only three states: California, Texas, and New York. Bush won all of the electoral votes in swing states like Ohio and Missouri, but he did not win any electoral votes in safe states like Texas and California.

In the 2016 presidential election, roughly what percentage of Democrats and Republicans alike voted for their own party's nominee? Choices more than 85 percent between 70 and 80 percent between 30 and 40 percent between 50 and 60 percent

In which of the following ways is the United States attempting to make it easier for people to participate in elections? Choices offering convenience voting holding elections on weekends declaring Election Day a holiday simplifying the voter registration process

Lobbyists influence the judicial process in which of the following ways (among others)? Choices filing amicus curiae briefs funding political ads on television staging protests outside the Supreme Court writing blog posts critical of judicial decisions

Since the 1950s, Republicans and Democrats have become which of the following? Choices more polarized more likely to work together less powerful in Congress increasingly moderate

Single-member districts contribute to which of the following? Choices voters' resistance to "wasting" votes increased political participation voter fatigue better representation in Congress

The "Contract from America" succeeded in doing which of the following? Choices securing the House of Representatives for the Republicans securing Republican majority control in the Senate strengthening the Democratic Party defeating health care reform legislation

The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883 stipulated that public employees be hired according to what criteria? Choices merit connections to powerful families appearance links to political parties

The election of 1860 divided the country between which of the following? Choices Northern and Southern states liberals and conservatives whites and blacks Eastern and Western states

The goals of the Progressive Party centered on which of the following priorities (among others)? Choices expansion of women's suffrage freedom from government regulation support for monopolistic practices social welfare for working men

The responsible party government model suggests which of the following? Choices Candidates should carry out campaign promises. Parties should make sure all their members vote. The winning party may change its programs once elected. It is impossible for parties to contribute to the democratic process.

Though the authors don't provide direct evidence of the Tea Party's effect, what does their analysis suggest the movement has done effectively? Choices The Tea Party movement has pushed the Republican Party further to the right on the ideological spectrum, toward positions openly hostile to the federal government. The Tea Party movement has greatly influenced the views of average Americans, leading them to a greater distrust of government in general and Washington in particular. The Tea Party movement has opened the door for a third party to claim the middle ground in American politics, as the Republicans have moved right and the Democrats have moved left. The Tea Party movement has stymied President Obama on most of his major legislative initiatives, causing him to accomplish very little through much of his presidency.

What did Domino's do in response to the potential threat to the pizza industry posed by the calorie labeling requirement? Choices Domino's and lobbyists banded together to recruit pizza retailers ranging from small businesses to large retailers to unite for political influence under the banner of the American Pizza Community. Domino's drafted industry standards for nutritional content in retail pizza products and found support from the American Pizza Community. Domino's and the American Pizza Community fought against the Common Sense Nutrition Disclosure Act through its lobbying activities in Washington, DC. Domino's and the American Pizza Community have limited participation in the advocacy effort to big chains in order to better represent the concerns of the community with a unified voice.

What does Nixon mean when he tells Ambassador to Germany Ken Rush that they've "crossed the Rubicon"? Choices that the decision has been made about the course of action they're pursuing, and they won't back down that crossing a river in Vietnam was the major step needed to get close to North Vietnam's harbors to mine them that he made a promise to the American people that no more lives would be lost in the war, and it's a promise he's sticking to that mining North Vietnam's harbors may anger the Viet Cong, but they will surely surrender after they are militarily crippled

What happened to pizza as a result of new federal nutrition standards established in 2010? Choices Pizza was lumped together with soda and french fries as unhealthy food, threatening its place of prominence in school lunches and thus sales for the pizza industry. Michelle Obama banned pizza from school lunches, which sparked an outcry from Republican lawmakers and the National Restaurant Association. Pizza retailers voluntarily reduced the fat and sodium in their products, following the example set by other major chains such as McDonald's and Wendy's to make their products healthier. Pizza retailers teamed with the Department of Agriculture to support dairy consumption through marketing campaigns such as the "Summer of Cheese."

What is one of several ways an interest group could address the problem of free riding? Choices by requiring membership by registering as a nonprofit by working together toward a shared goal by withholding benefits from members

What is the influence of campaign donations on members of Congress, according to Huck? Choices Campaign donations buy access to members of Congress AND their votes. Campaign donations buy votes of members of Congress. Campaign donations can buy access to members of Congress. Campaign donations buy access to lobbying firms.

What is the problem third parties can solve, according to this video? Choices Third parties can bring ideas to the table that the two main parties normally would not have considered. Third parties can bridge the partisan divide in Congress by finding common ground with both Democrats and Republicans. Third parties can motivate citizens who are cynical about politics to turn out and vote. Third parties can reduce the influence of money in politics by launching successful grassroots movements.

What issue caused a serious rift in the Whig Party? Choices expansion of slavery the national bank system manifest destiny laissez-faire economics

What kind of work did Huck do before finally getting his current job as a lobbyist? Choices intern legal aide congressional staffer attorney

What might supporters of mandatory voting argue? Choices Voting is a civic duty. Those who vote should receive special attention from the government. Religious reasons might prevent people from voting. Elections should be decided by informed voters.

What question does Ezra Klein get more than any other? Choices Wouldn't a third party fix Congress? Wouldn't a third party make Congress worse? Why do third parties usually win elections? Why do third parties usually lose elections?

What was Stein's strategy for expanding support for the Green Party? Choices uniting progressive movements by tying environmental issues to economic and social justice issues drawing in more Republican voters by emphasizing a message of freedom from government intrusion increasing her appeal among younger voters by doing all of her campaigning on social media platforms drawing in more Democratic voters by blaming the Bush administration and Tea Party Republicans for the nation's problems

Which aspect of lobbying is most important to Tom? Choices educating people about the issues he represents correcting common misconceptions about the role of lobbyists seeking out new clients with interesting problems building relationships with members of Congress

Which of the following BEST describes Cesar Chavez? Choices an interest group entrepreneur a wealthy interest group supporter a free rider a civil rights activist

Which of the following BEST summarizes the reasons behind the formation of the American Pizza Community and the impact the interest group has had on the political process? Choices When proposed federal regulations threatened to hurt pizza businesses, they came together, lobbied Congress, and ultimately influenced policy to the pizza industry's benefit. When other industries were focused on the issues of health care reform and corporate taxes, pizza retailers joined together to propose FDA regulations that would benefit the entire food industry. When large pizza conglomerates were building coalitions with the Department of Agriculture and dairy farmers, small pizza retailers joined together to protect the interests of the whole industry, not just the few big companies with greater resources. When Congress took up the issue of food labeling, pizza businesses came together and lobbied for calorie ranges to be prominently posted both in print and online for American consumer protection and public health.

Which of the following does Huck acknowledge as one of the flaws of the lobbying system? Choices People or organizations that are unable to afford lobbying representation are generally left out. Most members of Congress only listen to the lobbyists who contribute the most money, regardless of how good their ideas are. The few corrupt lobbyists have come to represent the entire profession. Many lobbyists are out of touch with the individuals or organizations they represent and are uninformed about the issues.

Which of the following interest groups fought to keep health care reform legislation alive? Choices the AFL-CIO the American Medical Association America's Health Insurance Plans the 60 Plus Association

Which of the following is a diplomatic duty of the secretary of state? Choices overseeing the U.S. Foreign Service acting as the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations approving treaties setting tariffs

Which of the following is a part of the military-industrial complex described by President Dwight D. Eisenhower? Choices defense contractors soldiers the FBI the secretary of state

Which of the following is a response Tom offers to the question, "Are lobbyists evil?" Choices Lobbyists are advocates for people who might not have a voice in the government otherwise. Lobbyists don't typically work for causes they believe in. Lobbyists have blinders on and are too focused on their own issues. Unethical lobbyists are unfortunately in the majority.

Which of the following organizations spent the MOST on lobbying between 1998 and 2018? Choices the U.S. Chamber of Commerce American Association of Retired Persons General Electric the American Medical Association

Which of the following represents a new way of reaching voters that has become increasingly popular in recent years? Choices social networking sites postal mail television advertising phone calls

Which of the following statements BEST describes the difference in the average amounts raised by incumbents and challengers in 2018 House races? Choices Incumbents raised about four times as much as challengers did. Incumbents raised about twice as much as challengers did. Challengers raised about twice as much as incumbents did. Challengers raised about three times as much as incumbents did.

Which of the following would be considered an advantage of the two-party system? Choices a guaranteed legislative majority fewer candidates a lack of coalition building little difference in party platforms

Why does the author suggest that President Bush was right to ignore the antiwar protests that occurred before the U.S. invasion of Iraq? Choices The protestors were unable to translate their movement into success at the ballot box. Bush's approval ratings were so high that he could do whatever he wanted. The protestors were ultimately proven wrong when U.S. forces succeeded in deposing Saddam Hussein. Most Americans had a low opinion of the protestors and did not support the antiwar movement.

According to Clint Pate, why does the popular vote still count? Choices The electoral vote is ceremonial and never contradicts the national popular vote. Whichever presidential candidate wins the popular vote in the state receives its electoral votes. Whichever presidential candidate wins the national popular vote gains an edge in the Electoral College. The popular vote always outweighs the electoral vote when it comes to selecting a president.

According to Klein, when voters elect independent or third-party candidates to Congress, what happens? Choices They are required by law to declare affiliation with either the Democrats or Republicans due to the two-party structure of Congress. They caucus with one of the two major parties because the rules of Congress are structured to accommodate a two-party system. They become members of a "third way" caucus that consists of all the members of Congress who are committed to nonpartisanship. They possess a great deal of influence because both parties aggressively pursue their support for any major bills under debate.

According to the "About Us" page for the American Pizza Community, why was the organization formed? Choices to promote pizza as the most all-American food and to advocate for its continued use in school lunches to advocate for policies affecting the pizza industry and to support programs that encourage growth of the pizza business to promote the use of all-natural and locally sourced ingredients by pizza makers to share marketing strategies and best practices in the pizza industry

According to the article, what ideological shift occurred when the Tea Party rose to prominence? Choices Republican presidential candidates moved further to the left between 2008 and 2012. Republican presidential candidates moved further to the right between 2008 and 2012. Democratic presidential candidates moved further to the right between 2008 and 2012. Democratic presidential candidates moved further to the left between 2008 and 2012.

According to the author, how should we measure the significance or success of a protest? Choices A successful protest is one that generates a great deal of media coverage, whereas an unsuccessful protest is one that is quickly overtaken by other stories. A successful protest is one that serves as the initial spark of future action, whereas an unsuccessful protest is one that signifies the end point of a movement. The more money a protest raises, the greater its influence on policymaking. The larger a protest is, the more attention it will receive from lawmakers.

According to the text, what is the main obstacle preventing the formation of interest groups? Choices establishing PACs overcoming the collective action problem finding people that share the same interests moving from the local to the national level

According to the text, what is the primary function of lobbyists? Choices bribing members of Congress providing current information to lawmakers promoting corporate agendas through media protesting outside the Capitol

Based on the data in Figures 12 and 13, supporters of smaller government would be more likely to vote for which of the following candidates in the next presidential election? Choose the BEST answer. Choices the Democratic presidential candidate the Republican presidential candidate the Socialist presidential candidate the Libertarian presidential candidate

Historically, what has been the benefit of local protests? Choices Local protests attract more media attention than national protests. Local protests have influenced members of Congress. Presidents are often influenced by local protests. Local protests are typically larger than national protests.

How did Brandon meet most of his key supporters and campaign workers? Choices through social networking sites through community events and organizations at political rallies in college

How did Congress follow the Federal Reserve Board's advice at the beginning of the 2008-2009 financial crisis? Choices Congress provided a $700 billion bailout package to aid struggling homeowners and unemployed workers. Congress provided a $700 billion bailout package to aid struggling banks. Congress passed a law making credit-default swaps illegal. Congress passed a law setting interest rates at zero percent until the end of the recession.

How do local bureaucrats influence public policy? Choices They set the public policy agenda for Congress. They make decisions that influence the implementation of public policy. They formulate public policy by developing solutions to societal problems. They decide which public policies to adopt as law.

How do pizza retailers' political contributions break down by party? Choices Pizza retailers overwhelmingly contribute to the Democratic Party. Pizza retailers overwhelmingly contribute to the Republican Party. Pizza retailers mainly contribute to third parties. Pizza retailers contribute equally to Republicans and Democrats.

How do the parties differ on the issue of government spending? Choices Democrats want a balanced-budget amendment, while Republicans think that balancing the budget is not a priority. Democrats want to increase taxes on corporations, while Republicans want to enforce a balanced budget. Democrats support mass privatization of government programs including Social Security and Medicare, while Republicans oppose it. Democrats want to increase taxes on the poor, while Republicans want to increase taxes on the wealthiest Americans.

How does scorekeeping by interest groups help voters? Choices It helps them figure out how long each member has served in Congress. It helps them establish which candidates align with them on particular issues. It helps them gain information on the campaign donations of each candidate. It helps them determine the political party of the candidates.

How much money has Bob Inglis, Brandon's opponent, managed to raise? Choices almost $150,000 almost $500,000 almost $880,000 almost $72,000

In 2010, what percentage of voters identified themselves as pure independents? Choices 10 percent 16 percent 5 percent less than 1 percent

In prospective voting, which of the following would be the MOST likely to be taken into consideration? Choices military service campaign promises voting record economic prosperity

In what way do Republicans and Democrats agree on trade issues? Choices Both parties support trade deals being tied to labor standards. Both parties argue that future trade deals should support American jobs. Neither party supports new trade deals. Both parties are against tariffs.

In which of the following scenarios would an interest group be MOST likely to form? Choices when a state passes harsh immigration laws when the government threatens to limit corporate tax breaks when a few farmers desire to influence policy when the government threatens to cut welfare benefits

Interest groups that observe and report on governmental activities are known as what? Choices political action committees watchdogs accountability monitors Blue Dogs

People would be more likely to participate in the political process in which of the following cases? Choices when they lack resources when someone asks them to get involved when they have limited time to participate when they have no interest in participation

The issue of immigration fits best into which policy type? Choices Immigration is only a domestic policy issue. Immigration is an issue of domestic policy, foreign policy, and economic policy. Immigration is only a foreign-policy issue. Immigration is only an economic policy issue.

Under what circumstances are congressional elections most competitive? Choices when the incumbent has sponsored few bills in Congress when there is an open seat when the president has low approval ratings when the challenger is independently wealthy

Voter support for incumbents is strongly related to which of the following? Choices success in military operations financial security prospective voting religion

What are 527 organizations allowed to do? Choices design negative campaign commercials targeting specific candidates participate in issue advocacy coordinate with candidates' campaigns pay for advertising that endorses candidates

What are the three factors that the article cites as determining the success of a protest? Choices size, visibility, and unity messaging, nonviolence, and organization digital footprint, financial prowess, and political savvy leadership talent, media attention, and resource management

What are the three general policy categories? Choices legislative, executive, and judicial foreign, domestic, and economic legal, cultural, and political federal, state, and local

What compromise concerning the implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was struck between the Obama administration and religious institutions? Choices Religious institutions were allowed to use ACA funding to pay clergy or pastors for bedside services. Religious institutions were exempted from having to provide contraception to employees. Religious institutions were exempted from all provisions of the ACA. Religious institutions were exempted from covering employees who drink alcohol or smoke cigarettes.

What does it mean that the United States has global hegemony? Choices The U.S. is contractually obligated to provide aid to developing countries. The U.S. is the sole superpower and exercises great influence over other global actors. The U.S. must expand militarily in order to balance the threat of force from other nations. The U.S. must preemptively strike against threats of terrorism.

What is Liddle's reasoning as to why menu labeling is not good for pizza retailers? Choices Pizzas, like burgers, are fast-food items that people purchase without considering their health, and we should not make them feel guilty by confronting them with nutrition labels. The costs for small businesses are high, the many possible combinations of pizza ingredients complicate the matter, and there is confusion over whether flyers and ads constitute menus. The FDA's limited powers of enforcement mean that most small pizzerias are unlikely to comply with the menu-labeling requirements, placing all of the burden on large pizza chains. The vast majority of orders are made off of a menu board, but customers don't pay attention to caloric ranges common to nutrition labeling.

What is a party platform? Choices a designated area where party officials come to speak to supporters a document that establishes official party values and policy positions a list of political issues a press release aimed at undecided voters

What is one way that the two parties differ on the issue of health care? Choices Democrats believe that Obamacare must be replaced by socialized medicine, while Republicans favor the dismantling of Medicaid. Democrats believe that abortion is part of health care, while Republicans believe that abortion is not part of health care. Republicans believe that Obamacare has been an unexpected success, while Democrats are seeking a return to market-driven health care. Republicans support the McCarran-Ferguson Act, while Democrats oppose it.

What type of group is represented by the most lobbyists? Choices government organizations business nonprofits unions

What was Nixon's response to the North Vietnamese assault on South Vietnam that occurred on March 30? Choices He called on NATO for assistance in conducting a stronger counter-offensive. He launched a counter-offensive by increasing bombing and mining North Vietnam's harbors to blockade war supply deliveries. He immediately ordered a withdrawal of all troops. He ordered a direct attack of the Soviet Union, which was aiding North Vietnam.

What was the "Great Recession"? Choices a period of soaring inflation in the 1970s a financial crisis beginning in the late 2000s a tightening of the federal budget in the 1980s a period of economic decline in the 1930s

What was the final outcome of the battle in Congress over health care reform? Choices President Obama grew frustrated with congressional inaction on health care reform and issued an executive order establishing an institute to conduct comparative effectiveness research. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was passed with a provision establishing an institute to conduct comparative effectiveness research. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was passed without a provision establishing an institute to conduct comparative effectiveness research. Senator Coburn's repeated attempts to amend the bill caused it to stall in committee.

What was the outcome of the election? Choices Brandon Brown won in a landslide. Bob Inglis won in a landslide. Bob Inglis won by a small margin. Brandon Brown won by a small margin.

What was the purpose of the Motor Voter Act? Choices to allow you to vote while getting your driver's license to make it easier to re-register to vote to make it harder for voters who haven't paid property tax to vote to require all voters to carry a driver's license

When are differences between the two major party platforms likely to be the greatest? Choices during an off-year election when differences in the electorate are the greatest during the first presidential election of a new decade when the nominees are very popular

Which campaign tactic has been on the decline since the rise of new media? Choices granting interviews to the press canvassing voters door-to-door participating in debates airing political ads on television

Which event ended the era of Republican Party dominance? Choices the Panic of 1893 the Stock Market Crash of 1929 World War I World War II

Which government institution can make public policy by declaring a law unconstitutional? Choices Congress the Supreme Court the presidency the bureaucracy

Which of the following BEST describes Brandon's attitude on the eve of the election? Choices He is nervous about the outcome and worried that it will be terrible for the district if his opponent wins. He is optimistic about his chances and happy about the level of political engagement he has seen in the community. He is nonchalant about the whole thing and feels that it doesn't really matter who wins. He is cynical about the outcome and bitter that money seems to be everything in politics.

Which of the following BEST summarizes the Supreme Court's decision in the case of Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission? Choices The Court upheld the ban on soft money but allowed unlimited hard-money contributions to candidates for federal office. The Court ruled that political advertising by corporations could not be restricted by the government. The Court struck down the BCRA in full, resetting campaign-finance regulations to those established by the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971. The Court upheld the BCRA in full, ruling that corporate spending was prohibited in federal elections.

Which of the following contributed to the shift to candidate-centered campaigns? Choices public scandals technological advancements straight-ticket voting ballot symbols

Which of the following countries has mandatory voting but does not enforce it? Choices Australia France Brazil Peru

Which of the following general concerns are raised by people in the video regarding the quality of health care in the United States? Choices Doctors in the United States are not paid as well as doctors elsewhere. The United States has low life-expectancy rates. Medical technologies are not as advanced in the United States as they are elsewhere. Too many Americans are leaving the country to seek better health care in Canada.

Which of the following likely played the biggest role in Brandon's defeat? Choose the BEST answer. Choices his age his lack of funding his race his relationship with the press

Which of the following represent the largest source of federal government revenue? Choices entitlement taxes income taxes sales taxes Social Security taxes

Which of the following represents a notable instance of party members working across party lines? Choices Democrats voting to support education affordability Southern Democrats voting to oppose healthcare reform President Bush encouraging Democrats to support H.R. 4872 Republicans voting to oppose health care reform

Which of the following represents the evaluation stage of the policymaking process as it relates to the events of 9/11 and the government response? Choices the creation of the Department of Homeland Security concerns about anti-terrorism efforts violating civil rights hijacked jets crashing into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon President Bush signing new anti-terrorism legislation

Which of the following would be an example of a public interest group? Choices the American Medical Association the NAACP the American Farm Bureau Federation the AFL-CIO

Which of the following would be considered a disadvantage of having interest groups in society? Choices Interest groups allow for mobilization of action. Interest groups overemphasize minority interests. Interest groups are a source of pressure on government. Interest groups foster political engagement.

Which of the following would be considered a street-level bureaucrat responsible for implementing federal policy at a local level? Choices a grassroots political activist a schoolteacher the president a member of a union

Which parties existed at the time of the Founding? Choices all of today's parties none Whigs and Democratic-Republicans Republicans and Democrats

Who became the first Republican president? Choices John Adams Abraham Lincoln William Howard Taft Thomas Jefferson

Who participated in the vote to elect Nancy Pelosi Speaker of the House in 2007? Choices all senators all representatives in the House registered Republican voters registered Democratic voters

Why are nonviolent protests more effective than violent protests? Choices Violent protests are always significantly smaller than nonviolent protests. Violent protests reduce voter turnout; nonviolent protests do not. Violent protests increase voter turnout; nonviolent protests do not. Nonviolent protests get more media attention than violent protests do.

Why does Liddle think that instituting criminal penalties for differences in listed calories and actual calories is silly? Choices Liddle believes that consumers want more cheese on their pizzas rather than less, so a company should not be prosecuted for encouraging customer satisfaction. Liddle believes that there is too much risk of companies being prosecuted or sued if an individual pizza maker happens to use too much cheese. Liddle believes that there are more important societal problems that should occupy the attention of regulators and law enforcement. Liddle believes that retailers should not be held accountable for suppliers' product misinformation.

Why does Wootan believe H.R. 2017 (the Common Sense Nutrition Disclosure Act) is not in America's best interest? Choices The bill would allow pizza restaurants to falsify or severely undercount the calorie numbers they label on their menus. Americans are increasingly eating out and overweight, and H.R. 2017 would make it more difficult to access health information on the food they're consuming. Fast-food restaurants and pizza restaurants lack the means to provide nutrition labeling for those customers who order online or through the drive-through window. The cost of menu labeling is great and would hurt the pizza industry under the proposed piece of legislation.

Why does she think pizza particularly needs nutrition labeling? Choices Pizza is typically consumed in large quantities and alongside other unhealthy items like soda, chicken wings, and desserts. Pizza is America's fifth-largest source of calories, second-largest source of saturated fats, and third-largest source of sodium. The most popular prepared food American consumers buy every year is pizza. Pizza restaurants lack drive-through windows like fast-food restaurants.

Why is division of power present in the American political system? Choices It is an intentional attempt of modern governmental actors to maintain the status quo and prevent efforts at policy reform. It was an intentional attempt by the Founders to prevent any single entity from gaining control of the government and its policies. It was an unintended consequence of compromises made between the Federalists and anti-Federalists over the proper scope of government. It is an unintended consequence of the competition for power between interest groups.

Besides food labeling, what other types of policies is the American Pizza Community interested in? Choices energy and the environment education and school choice health care and employment science and technology

Campaign financing for federal elections is currently regulated by which of the following? Choices Citizens United McConnell v. Federal Election Commission the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act the First Amendment

Close relationships between interest groups and lawmakers would likely result in which of the following? Choices less conflict political gridlock less governmental transparency increased governmental accountability

Considering the issue of guns, which of the following statements BEST characterizes the position taken by either the Republican Party or the Democratic Party? Choices Democrats support constitutional carry. Republicans oppose all background checks. Republicans support constitutional carry. Democrats oppose any assault-rifle ban.

During a recession, which of the following would an economist be MOST likely to suggest? Choices decrease government spending limit market intervention increase government spending deregulate industry

During the era of Republican Party dominance, the political agenda focused on which of the following issues (among others)? Choices affirmative action health care reform women's suffrage slavery

Grassroots lobbying includes which of the following actions (among others)? Choices hosting organic produce fairs hosting policy luncheons for Washington lawmakers staging demonstrations sending advocates to Washington

How did President Barack Obama pressure Congress to pass the Hurricane Sandy relief bill? Choices He used Twitter to influence public opinion. He demanded action during his State of the Union address. He held a highly publicized event at the White House. He campaigned for action via cross-country bus tours.

How did the 26th Amendment affect voter turnout? Choices It encouraged the elderly to vote. It focused the political process on younger generations. It expanded the right to vote to include those least likely to exercise it. It brought attention to the issue of Social Security.

How did the North American Free Trade Agreement incentivize trade between Mexico, the United States, and Canada? Choices It orchestrated arms sales between the three countries. It threatened embargoes on trade if violated. It eliminated tariffs on trade between the three countries. It reduced restrictions on crossing the borders.

How does White House correspondent Peter Baker describe President Obama's approach in conducting the strategy meetings on Afghanistan? Choices Obama's decision-making was most heavily influenced by the pro-military policies of Clinton, Gates, and the military leadership. Obama displayed enthusiasm for any possible strategy that would allow the country to get out of Afghanistan as quickly as possible and wariness for any suggestion regarding military escalation. Obama took a very serious and systematic approach, asking lots of questions and engaging in prolonged discussions before coming to a decision. Obama frequently dominated the discussion with his strong opinions, and consequently his War Room was a place rife with boisterous arguing.

If the Democrats and the Republicans are the opposing teams (metaphorically speaking), interest groups are which of the following? Choices the coaches the referees the fans the trainers

In which of the five stages of the policymaking process does the government assess the effectiveness of a policy? Choices adoption agenda setting evaluation formulation

Interest group money generally does which of the following? Choices bribes legislators gets funneled to parties rather than candidates backs ideologically-aligned candidates purchases the votes of opponents

Interest groups are organized around which of the following? Choices age groups party ideologies sets of issues types of media

Interest groups resemble which of the following? Choices political parties in countries with autocratic governments head coaches of professional sports teams constellations surrounding the major parties congressional caucuses

Most formal proposals during the policy formulation process are introduced by which of the following actors? Choices bureaucrats interest groups members of Congress think tanks

On what grounds does Senator Whitehouse object to Senator Coburn's amendment? Choices He is worried it will prevent the government from being able to disseminate information about proven effective standards. He is worried it will inhibit doctors from being able to use CER recommendations in their treatment decisions. He is worried it will prevent the government from being able to provide bonuses to hospitals for following proven effective standards. He is worried it will encourage insurance companies to deny claims over a lack of clarity regarding proven effective standards.

President Barack Obama's shift toward targeted military involvements included which of the following strategies? Choices multilateral nuclear disarmament more aid to emerging democracies the use of drone aircrafts covert CIA operations to assassinate hostile foreign leaders

Roughly how long did it take the federal government to enact new policy in response to 9/11? Choices more than six months less than a month less than two months less than a week

Senator Coburn's assertion that medicine has to be tailored to the personal needs of each individual patient is directly contested by whom? Choices Senator Whitehouse Dr. Baxley Professor Weissert Senator Mikulski

The Democratic-Republican Party was most closely aligned with which of the following? Choices the Federalists the Progressives the anti-Federalists the Republicans

The electoral system in the United States is characterized by which of the following? Choices third-party dominance proportional representation single-member districts dual-party districts

The era of Republican Party dominance is also known as what? Choices the time of legends the golden age of parties the Progressive Era the Reconstruction Era

The political party formed by Andrew Jackson is the ancestor of which of the following? Choices the modern Republican Party the Progressive Party the modern Democratic Party the Whig Party

The power of which of the following appears to be increasing? Choices the Republican Party the party in the electorate the party in government the Democratic Party

Tom works in both New York and DC. In his Washington role, what industry does he represent? Choices the oil industry the telecommunications industry the health care industry the financial industry

Under what circumstances is a threatened group more likely to form? Choices when voters are made aware of the problem in non-election years when it has resources in election years

What about Obama's Afghanistan strategy makes the interviewer Todd Zwillich speculate that it was somewhat of a political compromise? Choices The emphasis on speeding up activity in Afghanistan in order to get out fast suggests that Obama is most concerned about his chances for reelection in 2012. The emphasis Obama placed on political ramifications over military strategy suggested that his priorities were focused on public approval. The accelerated escalation combined with the accelerated withdrawal appeared to be designed to appease both sides of the national security team. The deliberate contrast with Bush's wartime strategy suggests that Obama's priority was appealing to the Democratic Party.

What action did the Blue Dog Democrats take with regard to health care reform? Choices They adhered to the responsible party government model. They voted for health care reform. They defied party leadership. They ignored the wishes of their constituents.

What decision did Obama make regarding U.S. involvement in Afghanistan? Choices to gradually place security responsibility in the hands of the Afghan government, while simultaneously withdrawing U.S. troops to withdraw all U.S. troops as quickly as possible, regardless of the impact on the Afghan government to escalate military action by sending in more troops over a short period of time with the goal of providing the stability needed for the Afghan government to take over its own security and allow U.S. troops to withdraw to increase the number of U.S. troops in order to establish a permanent presence and ensure the long-term stability of the Afghan government

What do both parties claim they will do with Social Security? Choices Privatize it. Expand it. Protect it. End it.

What does Shankar Vedantam say is the dilemma facing protestors? Choices applicability vs. accountability short-term results vs. long-term strategy visibility vs. effectiveness financial gain vs. political viability

What function do minor parties serve in the political system? Choices They provide popular alternatives to Republican and Democratic candidates. They decrease the power of the Republican Party during elections. They spotlight issues ignored by the major parties. They increase the likelihood of proportional representation in the United States.

What is fragmentation in the political system? Choices the separation of powers between the three branches of government the polarization of partisan factions the phenomenon of separate government actors seeking to solve the same problem in different ways the ideological divisions that develop within parties

What is one way in which Democrats plan to tackle the issue of immigration? Choices by building a wall along the southern border of the United States by increasing the amount of scrutiny on immigrants applying for citizenship by ending raids and roundups of children and families by building a wall along the northern border of the United States

What is the origin of the American political divide over the proper scope of government? Choices the Declaration of Independence the economic expansion of the late 19th century the Federalist/anti-Federalist debates the Great Depression

What is the president's role in influencing fiscal policy? Choices The president regulates all domestic business transactions via the Commerce Department. The president sets tax rates. The president submits an annual budget to Congress. The president is responsible for coining money and overseeing the operations of the Treasury.

What might be the implications of this movement for the future of the Republican Party and Washington policymaking in general? Choices As both parties move further to the ideological extremes, more independent and third-party candidates will gain seats in Congress and bring an end to congressional gridlock. As Republicans shift further right, a greater climate of agreement between the Democrats and Republicans is likely to occur, resulting in increased congressional productivity. As Republicans shift further right, a greater climate of disagreement and polarization is likely to occur, further breeding conflict instead of compromise. As the Tea Party's influence on Republican lawmakers becomes more well known, the ensuing public backlash will lead to Democrats retaking control of Congress in 2016.

What problem do both Republicans and Democrats say they will address when managing government spending? Choices a balanced budget economic inequality waste surpluses

What problem might they actually make worse? Choices the problem of too many ideas being considered the problem of partisan gerrymandering the problem of ideas failing to become legislation the problem of low voter turnout

What was the ultimate result of Nixon's strategy of military escalation in Vietnam? Choices He achieved peace in Vietnam by August 1972, but he jeopardized relations between the United States and the Soviet Union. Though a peace treaty was signed by January 1973, North Vietnam ignored it and continued to attack South Vietnam as much as they had before. Peace negotiations were set in motion, but eventually fell apart, leading Nixon to decide to launch another heavy bombing campaign until finally a peace treaty was signed in January 1973. The military escalation did lead to a successful peace summit with the Soviet Union, but it resulted in many years of troop reductions rather than the quick end that was desired.

When are the 29 Florida electors officially chosen? Choices in mid-December after the primary is over, but before the general election on Election Day at the beginning of the election season

Which government actor is primarily responsible for implementing U.S. monetary policy? Choices Congress the Supreme Court the Federal Reserve the president

Which issues led to conflict within the Democratic Party during the 1968 election cycle? Choices the economy and Watergate civil rights and the economy the Vietnam War and civil rights education and the Vietnam War

Which of the following BEST summarizes President Nixon's "Vietnamization" plan during the first few years of his presidency? Choices The plan included encouraging South Vietnam to surrender to North Vietnam and withdrawing all U.S. troops. The plan included decreasing the number of bombing campaigns and the number of U.S. troops deployed to Vietnam, while increasing the amount of economic aid and political guidance given to South Vietnam. The plan included simultaneously bolstering South Vietnam with political guidance and economic aid, while strategically escalating military efforts to increase pressure on North Vietnam. The plan included a blanket escalation of all military efforts to pressure North Vietnam to surrender to South Vietnam.

Which of the following aspects of the U.S. electoral system can affect voter turnout? Choices media coverage of elections presidential personality voter fatigue partisanship

Which of the following candidates would be the MOST likely to encourage the public to engage in retrospective voting? Choices a challenger running right after a surge in the stock market an incumbent up for reelection when the economy is bad an incumbent up for reelection when unemployment is low a challenger running right after a rise in the Consumer Confidence Index (CCI)

Which of the following explains why there are 538 members of the Electoral College? Choices There are 435 electoral votes given to the states with the largest populations, 100 electoral votes given to the states with medium-sized populations, and three electoral votes given to the states with the smallest populations. The United States Constitution mandates that there be exactly 538 members of the Electoral College. There is one elector for each of the 435 members of the House and 100 members of the Senate, along with three more for the District of Columbia's congressional delegation. The number of electoral votes corresponds to the 535 members of Congress, plus three more votes for the territorial possessions of the United States.

Which of the following is a responsibility of the Office of the U.S. Trade Representative? Choices to provide Congress with information on imports and exports to oversee the Foreign Agriculture Service to participate in negotiations over import policies to regulate customs and border patrol

Which of the following led the United States to abandon its isolationist policies? Choices the Cold War the grand strategy a worldwide economic depression global hegemony

Which of the following might be considered a disadvantage of mandatory voting? Choices It would lead to decreased political knowledge. It would lead to less political accountability. Uninformed voters could skew election results. Elections would tend to favor the wealthy.

Which of the following represents an example of a reformulation of a previous government program? Choices the No Child Left Behind Act Aid to Families with Dependent Children Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Annual Yearly Progress reports

Which of the following tasks (among others) are party workers primarily responsible for? Choices conducting research, stuffing ballot boxes, and enforcing party policies making large campaign contributions, producing political ads, and mobilizing voters raising money, mobilizing voters, and conducting research writing the party platform, raising money, and advising members of Congress

Which of the following would be an example of an extreme protest method? Choices refusing to vote signing a petition setting a car on fire calling your senator

Which of the following would be considered an advantage of having interest groups in society? Choices Interest groups encourage conflict. Interest groups advantage those with resources who can afford the costs of exercising influence in politics and government. Interest groups provide opportunities for communities of like-minded individuals to network and participate in politics. Interest groups can slow down the policymaking process.

Why did the Supreme Court decide that the individual mandate provision of the Affordable Care Act is constitutional? Choices The Necessary and Proper Clause gives Congress the power to require the individual mandate. Congress has the power to create any domestic policy it deems necessary, including the individual mandate. Congress has the power to tax, and the individual mandate could reasonably be considered a tax. The Commerce Clause gives Congress the power to establish universal health care coverage.

Why did the majority of Nixon's advisors oppose this response to the March 30 attack? Choices They feared that the Americans would be outraged. They feared prosecution under the International Mine Ban Treaty. They feared that it would complicate peace negotiations with the Soviets. They feared a direct confrontation with China.

Why does Tom think that lobbyists are necessary? Choices People don't have enough rights under the Constitution. The economy will collapse without lobbyists working to maintain a level playing field for American businesses. People need help understanding how our government works. Companies are always coming out with better products that need to be used by more people.

Which of the following forms of unconventional participation was MOST effective in bringing about legislative policy change? Choices anti-Iraq War protests anti-abortion protests civil rights activism anti-Obamacare protests

Which of the following would be considered a form of conventional political participation? Choices boycotts protests voting demonstrations

According to C. Wright Mills, who or what controls the political agenda? Choices bureaucrats the media the military-industrial complex elites

According to the article, why was 2016 a good time for a third-party movement in support of a presidential candidate? Choices Congress recently changed its rules in order to support a multiparty system in the House and the Senate. A Gallup poll showed that fewer Americans identify with one of the two main parties than ever before. There were enough presidential candidates currently running for president. A Gallup poll showed that 58 percent of Americans desire a viable third-party option.

According to the text, what personal characteristics of presidents like Ronald Reagan and John F. Kennedy helped them to connect with American voters? Choices their ability to relate to the average American their celebrity status their perceived moral fortitude their speechmaking abilities

After delivering a speech on and announcing the decision to begin a counter-offensive, Nixon placed phone calls to several top members of his administration. What did he urge them to do? Choices to be careful not to discuss military strategy outside of press releases to keep the focus on American troop withdrawals to refrain from speaking to the press about the Vietnamization plan to maintain a tough stance against North Vietnam

Based on the excerpts from the Democratic platform provided above, how does the party characterize climate change? Choices as an issue championed by extremists who are indifferent to the job-killing impacts of their policies as a scientifically interesting development with little impact on real-world politics as an issue requiring a few small changes to state-level policies as a serious threat that requires both national mobilization and global coordination

Based on the excerpts from the Republican platform provided above, how does the party characterize climate change? Choices as the biggest challenge facing the next generation as a problem beyond the scientific and technological capacity of the United States as a hoax without scientific basis as an issue championed by extremists

Based on the textual commentary and the phone conversations, which of the following BEST describes Nixon's attitude toward the Vietnam War? Choices exhausted and hopeless optimistic and excited cautious and meticulous aggressive and determined

Both Senator Tom Coburn and Dr. Rick Baxley criticize the health care reform legislation for ignoring what? Choices the economics of medicine the needs of the general public the needs of patients the art of medicine

Considering the issue of education, which of the following statements BEST characterizes the positions taken by the two parties? Choices Republicans support more rigorous state standards, while Democrats oppose federal intervention. Democrats focus on school choice, while Republicans focus on efficiency. Democrats encourage Bible study, while Republicans see household incomes as tied to educational opportunity for children. Republicans focus on parental rights in education, while Democrats focus on eliminating opportunity gaps.

Effective lobbying results in which of the following? Choose the BEST answer. Choices political favors immediate legislative success media attention mutually beneficial relationships

How do Tea Party members differ from Republicans or conservatives? Choices Tea Party members are more favorable toward big government than most Republicans or conservatives are. Tea Party members are mostly African American or Hispanic, unlike the overwhelmingly white Republican Party. Tea Party members are, on average, Hispanic and young, and have less education and lower incomes. Tea Party members are, on average, white and middle-aged and have slightly more education and higher incomes.

How do bureaucrats implement the law? Choices State legislatures create rules and regulations that operationalize policies. The president gives them explicit directions for implementation. Congress gives them explicit directions for implementation. They use administrative discretion to develop rules and regulations to operationalize policies.

How does bureaucratic drift relate to the zone of indifference? Choose the BEST answer. Choices Bureaucratic drift is canceled out by the zone of indifference; both of these terms were coined by bureaucrats. The zone of indifference is a term used to describe congressional negligence, while bureaucratic drift describes what happens to bureaucrats who must implement measures that fall into the zone of indifference. Bureaucratic drift and the zone of indifference bear no relationship to one another, and the terms were coined by lobbyists. Bureaucratic drift describes the ability of bureaucrats to favor one branch or the other when they implement legislation; the zone of indifference is the area where bureaucrats have leeway to implement legislation in ways that will not arouse the opposition of either branch.

How does his example about disposable diabetes pumps demonstrate the positive role that lobbyists can play? Choices As a lobbyist, he can serve as an advocate for parents whose diabetic children have been harmed by unsafe medical equipment. As a lobbyist, he can raise enough money to financially coerce lawmakers into supporting legislative changes that benefit children's health issues. As a lobbyist, he can use his access to members of Congress to encourage legislation that promotes the needs of children with diabetes in the public school system. As a lobbyist, he can explain why Medicare coverage of a critical new piece of technology would provide a benefit to those with diabetes.

How might the national committee chair try to get state and local committees to adopt policy positions? Choices by appointing new heads of the committees by enlisting the help of high-level party members like senators and governors by hiring like-minded committee members by threatening to withhold funding

How might the party in government try to enact the party agenda? Choices by planting spies to undermine the opposition party's policies by appointing party members to the Senate by hiring party donors for government positions by coordinating executive and legislative actions

If you decide to vote for a candidate because you like what she has promised to do once in office, you are engaging in what type of voting? Choices retrospective affective evaluative prospective

In Florida, whom do the electors usually vote for? Choices their party leader the candidate from the opposing party whomever they wish the candidate who won the popular vote

In addition to greater fundraising prowess, what else contributes to the electoral advantage enjoyed by incumbents? Choices Their higher education requirements provide them with greater knowledge than regular candidates. Their experience running a successful campaign gives them insight into the secrets of how to win an election. Their work in Congress enables them to build personal relationships with the president that they can use on the campaign trail. Their work in Congress enables them to build name recognition and a good reputation among their constituents.

In his book Three's a Crowd, what does political scientist Ronald Rapoport suggest third parties need to survive? Choices an agenda that resembles one of the other major parties so as to attract followers a charismatic leader who can attract media attention and gain followers for the party a populist message and strong financial support to keep the party competitive a unique agenda and new ideas to introduce to the political conversation

In his conversation with Alexander Haig, what was Nixon looking to the CIA for? Choices ideas about how to use pro-war propaganda to convince more Americans to support the war and predictions about the public reaction to increased bombings predictions about the extent to which increased military activity would jeopardize his chances for reelection conclusive evidence about what exactly the North Vietnamese wanted from this war and why South Vietnam was resistant to their demands reports about how the North Vietnamese were responding to the military escalation and some way to use propaganda to further soften North Vietnam

In what way does the legislative branch check and balance executive power regarding foreign policy? Choices The House of Representatives determines when, where, and how U.S. troops will be deployed in foreign conflicts. The Senate determines when, where, and how U.S. troops will be deployed in foreign conflicts. The House of Representatives has authority over the ratification of treaties and confirmation of major presidential appointments. The Senate has authority over the ratification of treaties and confirmation of major presidential appointments.

On what does the federal government spend the most money? Choices interest on the debt national defense education entitlement programs

Party activists may be described as which of the following? Choices authors of the party platform disaffected party workers candidates in training contributors of resources

President Franklin Roosevelt responded to the economic situation of the 1930s with which of the following measures (among others)? Choices tax cuts for wealthy business owners deregulation of major industries a policy of isolationism public works projects

Read the section titled "Who is part of the American Pizza Community?" to see a list of businesses that are members and partners of the organization. Which of the following observations is true? Choices All of the members are dine-in restaurants rather than carry-out/delivery franchises. No major pizza retailers are actually members, while companies from other industries (like soft drinks) form the majority of the group. The vast majority of members are small, independent restaurants rather than large chains. While the majority of members are prominent pizza retailers, major companies from other industries (like soft drinks) are also part of the group.

Roughly what percentage of incumbents win reelection in any given election cycle? Choices 70 percent 50 percent 30 percent 90 percent

Senator Coburn's revised amendment to the health care bill seeks to do what? Choices require all new CER recommendations to be subject to an up-or-down vote in Congress before they can be implemented prevent the government from disseminating CER recommendations to health care providers establish the CER recommendations as mandates for all medical practitioners prohibit the government from using the CER recommendations for payment, coverage, or treatment decisions

Solidary benefits of joining an interest group would include which of the following? Choices relaxing expressing political viewpoints raising money networking

What are the "ingredients" that go into David Easton's systems model of policymaking? Choices societal outcomes the institutions of government new laws and regulations opinion polling and constituent communication

What do the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Higher Education Act, and ARPANET have in common? Choices They are all public policies that were enacted due to the lobbying efforts of college students. They are all public policies that enhanced accreditation standards for colleges and universities. They are all public policies aimed at making college more affordable. They are all public policies that have an impact on the daily lives of college students.

What does Margo Wootan, director of nutrition policy at the Center for Science in the Public Interest, want to happen at fast-food restaurants, and why are pizza retailers angry about it? Choices Wootan wants to prevent fast-food retailers from subsidizing the campaigns of political candidates for federal office, but pizza retailers fear declining political influence. Wootan wants to place federal limits on the caloric content of fast-food items, but pizza retailers fear declining consumption of healthier versions of their product. Wootan wants to limit the portion sizes available to consumers at fast-food chains, but pizza retailers fear customer dissatisfaction when consumers will only be able to purchase small or medium pizzas. Wootan wants to have calorie information on menus at restaurants, but pizza retailers fear declining sales when consumers see the high caloric content of whole pizzas.

What does it mean to legitimate public policy? Choices It is the act of campaigning for public support for a policy. It is the period of debate before a policy becomes law. It is the introduction of a policy bill in Congress. It is the act of giving a policy the force of law.

What is comparative effectiveness research (CER)? Choices CER is a program in which the government provides subsidies to pharmaceutical companies to expand their research on new drugs and compare their effectiveness with medications currently on the market. CER is an effort by doctors to informally share their research on best practices with colleagues in order to improve outcomes. CER is a joint effort by insurance companies and the federal bureaucracy to track information on health outcomes in order to reduce the cost of health care. CER is the collection of data on health care practices in an effort to develop recommendations and protocols on what drugs, devices, and procedures are most beneficial or effective.

What is one way in which Republicans plan to tackle the issue of immigration? Choices by creating a faster, less bureaucratic path to citizenship by ending raids and roundups of undocumented workers by building a wall along the northern border of the United States by building a wall along the southern border of the United States

What is sequestration? Choices government spending authorized by Congress money disbursed by the government to meet obligations incurred through entitlement programs the total value of all goods and services produced within a country in a single year the freezing of expenditures in order to provide automatic spending cuts

What power does the U.S. Constitution explicitly give to the president? Choices the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations the power to declare war the power to commit troops for up to 60 days without a declaration of war the position of commander in chief of the military

What probably hurt Senator John Kerry's election chances the MOST in the 2004 presidential race? Choices his voting record in Congress his poor debate performances his military experience his reputation as a flip-flopper

What public relations strategy did Nixon's PR team pursue alongside the military escalation? Choices They created propaganda flyers to drop over North Vietnam during the bombing campaigns. They emphasized Nixon's continued support for peace and avoided any mention of military escalation against North Vietnam in their press releases. They pressured the press to cover stories of enthusiastic support for military escalation in Vietnam. They organized Republicans around the country to send telegrams to the White House approving Nixon's plan, which Nixon used to demonstrate public approval of his plan.

What was Nixon's goal regarding American involvement in Vietnam when he took office in 1969? Choices He wanted to achieve "peace with honor" by declaring victory and then involving the UN in peace negotiations. He wanted to achieve "peace with honor" by striking a workable compromise between North and South Vietnam. He wanted to achieve "peace with honor" by escalating the number of troops sent to Vietnam until the conflict was definitively resolved. He wanted to achieve "peace with honor" through diplomacy and a gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops.

What was the average amount spent by candidates who won Senate seats in 2016? Choices $2.8 million $1.5 million $5.3 million $12.2 million

Where did the Florida electors meet on December 19, 2016? Choices at their precinct offices at the Republican Party headquarters in Tallahassee Washington, DC at the Florida State Capitol in Tallahassee

Which factors are MOST likely to increase the chances that a citizen will participate in politics? Choices lower levels of education and money time and party identification party identification and age time and money

Which of the following BEST characterizes the relationship between the two major parties today? Choices unity Republican Party dominance Democratic Party dominance polarization

Which of the following accurately describes the competing pressures Obama faced from his national security team in determining a strategy in Afghanistan? Choices Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, and the military commanders believed that getting the UN involved was necessary for military success, while Vice President Joe Biden and his team thought that the United States should refrain from forming any international coalitions. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, and the military commanders pushed to withdraw troops as soon as possible, while Vice President Joe Biden and his team felt that significant reinforcements were necessary for military success. The Obama administration and key military commanders argued that military escalation was critical, but the American public was clamoring for withdrawal. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, Secretary of Defense Robert Gates, and the military commanders believed that significant reinforcements were necessary for military success, while Vice President Joe Biden and his team advocated for troop withdrawal.

Which of the following accurately describes the role of modern parties in political campaigns? Choices Parties no longer fund campaigns. Parties play a peripheral role in the election process. Candidates no longer run under partisan banners. Parties exercise less control over electoral politics than in the past.

Which of the following characterizes the pluralist model of policymaking? Choices The agenda is static. The agenda is transparent. Policymaking is directed by elites. Policymaking is directed by groups of citizens.

Which of the following countries had the lowest voter turnout between 1960 and 2000? Choices Germany the United Kingdom Canada the United States

Which of the following currently pertains to the use of "soft money" in campaigns? Choices Soft money contributions must come from individuals rather than groups or corporations. Soft money contributions are limited to $5,000 from PACs. An individual may donate a maximum of $2,400 to a candidate in soft money. The BCRA banned unregulated soft money donations to political parties.

Which of the following difficulties does Brandon face in his campaign? Choices He is running in a heavily Democratic district. His message fails to resonate with South Carolina voters. His opponent is better at social networking. His opponent has held the seat before.

Which of the following explains the reasons for the two-party system in the United States? Choices Article I of the Constitution the third-party rule the ideological spectrum Duverger's Law

Which of the following is an accurate statement about the strength of partisan loyalty? Choices Fewer independents exist today than in 1950. Catholics have become increasingly liberal since the abortion debate. Partisanship has increased over the last 60 years. Only major events or issues cause voters to reevaluate their partisan loyalties.

Which of the following is an example of a bilateral agreement? Choices the Geneva Conventions the Paris Peace Accords the North Atlantic Treaty Organization the U.S.-Korea Free Trade Agreement

Which of the following is an example of a regulatory policy that aims to promote "clean living"? Choices minimum-drinking-age laws Cash for Clunkers the Affordable Care Act mandatory recycling

Which of the following is one of the factors that might lead lawmakers to prioritize a certain issue over others? Choices Foreign leaders have criticized the United States over the issue. Lobbyists have paid them to take action on the issue. Their local news outlets have stopped covering the issue. Their constituents have raised concerns over the issue.

Which of the following is true of party workers, candidates, and members? Choices They pay dues to the party. They are required to work together. They carry out similar functions. They increase party influence over government.

Which of the following protest movements does the article describe as having a strong organization and a commitment to nonviolence? Choices Black Lives Matter Occupy Wall Street the Iraq War protests the Women's March

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between economic class and interest groups? Choices The poor are always misrepresented by interest groups. No interest groups exist that represent the issues of the lower-class members of society. Americans with low socioeconomic status belong to interest groups in similar numbers as those with higher socioeconomic status. Blue-collar workers and those with lower education levels are less likely to belong to interest groups.

Which part of the Constitution discusses political parties? Choices Article I the 16th Amendment the Preamble The Constitution does not discuss political parties.

Why do many presidential candidates want to win states like Texas, Florida, and New York? Choices They are all "safe states" that dependably go to one political party or the other. These three states combined have a total of over 270 electoral votes, which is enough to win the presidential election. They are all key "swing states" that might go to either political party. They have large numbers of electoral votes and thus a greater effect on the outcome of an election compared with other states.

Why do some people feel that the Green Party "spoiled" the 2000 presidential election? Choices The Green Party's presence on the ballot in Florida created technical problems that led to the disputed vote tally and recount in that state. The extensive media attention focused on Nader distracted voters from the serious ideas and agendas of the two major-party candidates. Because conservatives voted for Nader in the 2000 election, this tipped the scales in favor of Democratic presidential candidate Al Gore. Because many liberals voted for Nader in the 2000 election, this tipped the scales in favor of Republican presidential candidate George Bush.

Why is the zone of indifference especially narrow in the case of comparative effectiveness research and health care reform? Choices It is not a salient issue. Both Congress and the president will be quick to blame the bureaucracy if something goes wrong. The general public will be monitoring the policy's implementation very closely. Medical professionals will be monitoring the policy's implementation very closely.

Why was the Tea Party movement effective, according to the article? Choices It used violent tactics sparingly but strategically, and it organized many massive protests. It raised a great deal of money with its initial protests in 2009, and it won the support of many high-profile Republican leaders. It won over many opponents with an appealing message, and its affiliation with the Democratic Party led to electoral success. It had a strong organization, and its name and message resonated with the American public.

In which of the following would Americans be LEAST likely to participate? Choices giving money to a campaign or candidate voting in a presidential election persuading others to vote a certain way working for a party or candidate

Which of the following statements provides an example of the disconnect between how people benefit from government and how people view government? Choices The majority of Americans claim to prefer big government, but a majority also show disapproval of large government entitlement programs. The majority of Americans are registered Democrats, but vote Republican. The majority of Americans disapprove of Congress but approve of their district's representative in the House. The majority of Americans receive some sort of assistance from the government, but don't think the programs help them.

NOT A

What distinguishes a closed primary system from an open primary system? Choices In a closed primary, voters may only vote on the ballot for the party with which they are registered. In a closed primary, registered Republicans may vote in the Democratic primary, and vice versa. In a closed primary, an independent may choose either the Democratic or the Republican ballot. In a closed primary, voters can vote for whichever candidate they choose.

What is the PRIMARY purpose of the national party conventions held in the summer? Choices to establish a party platform and attract media attention to the party and its candidates to allow party leaders to select their nominee to formally announce the winners of the presidency and vice presidency to promote attack ads against the opposing party and its candidates

Why did the McCain campaign select Sarah Palin as the Republican vice-presidential candidate in 2008? Choices to balance the ticket to change their voter base to represent a "Washington insider" to attract more male voters

According to Craig Silverman's analysis, why was fake news a problem in the final few months before the 2016 presidential election? Choices Fake news stories were more widely consumed than real news stories on Facebook. Fake news stories generated revenue that was illegally funneled to the presidential campaigns. Fake news suppressed voter turnout. Fake news contributed to rising media costs.

According to the article from The Atlantic, what happened with the early exit poll results in Wisconsin? Choices Early exit poll results were leaked which led people to believe that the race was much closer than it turned out to be. Early exit poll results were published by Edison Research and led people to believe that the race was much closer than it turned out to be. Early exit poll results were made available by the state of Wisconsin and led people to believe that the clear winner was Walker. Early exit poll results were made available by the state of Wisconsin and led people to believe that the race was much closer than it turned out to be.

As they prepare their stories for broadcast or publication, what is a central concern shared by the reporters, producers, and editors across all three media outlets? Choices whether the information they're reporting is accurate whether the stories will attract much of an audience whether the stories will generate controversy whether their work will be completed by deadline

The American public tends to judge news outlets according to which of the following criteria? Choices credibility longevity financial success digital footprint

The publication of both the Federalist Papers and anti-Federalist essays in newspapers reflected which of the following developments? Choices the growing influence of political parties increasingly heated debate over print media regulations the existence of only two major newspapers in 18th-century America the election of Thomas Jefferson to the presidency

Two of the news outlets featured in the video share an interest in covering the same story. Which of the following BEST describes this? Choices Both the newspaper and the radio station are interested in a local organization's plans to help with crowd control on the Fourth of July. Both the radio station and the TV station are interested in a psychological profile of the man who allegedly killed his parents. Both the newspaper and the TV station are interested in a local organization's plans to help with crowd control on the Fourth of July. Both the newspaper and the TV station are interested in a psychological profile of the man who allegedly killed his parents.

What concern does the Associated Press have about news aggregators? Choices Aggregators undercut the revenue that newspapers and magazines depend on. Aggregators allow the government to censor stories in exchange for ignoring copyright violations. Aggregators lure the best reporters away from newspapers and magazines by promising higher salaries. Aggregators report the news faster but make more mistakes in doing so.

What decision does the WBTV staff reach regarding the pitched story? Choices They decide to cover it from a "mental health" angle. They decide to cover it from a "domestic abuse" angle. They decide to cover it from a "media violence" angle. They decide to drop it due to a lack of verifiable information about the crime.

What did Julie Rose discover in the course of her reporting that she hadn't known about in advance? Choices that an African American youth group planned to help maintain peace and order during the city's Fourth of July celebrations that Ron Leeper was resigning as the head of Men Who Care Global that the Justice Department was investigating the Charlotte police for their crowd-control tactics on Memorial Day that the mayor had given the police chief the authority to do "whatever it takes" to maintain peace and order during the city's Fourth of July celebrations

What did studies from the 1950s reveal about public opinion? Choices Citizens possessed low levels of political knowledge. Citizens behaved much differently than the Founders expected. There was a high level of consistency in public opinion. The American people tended to be fairly conservative.

What does Julie Rose say is the hardest part of her job? Choices getting all the right audio clips recorded during interviews finding the right angle for a given story getting elected officials to speak to the media fact-checking the statements made by public officials

What impact did "muckraking" have on the political climate? Choices Led to widespread discontent with political corruption. Created the conditions necessary for the Freedom of Information Act. Led to new laws limiting professional journalism. Restored public faith in political institutions.

What is the difference between early news aggregators and next-generation aggregators? Choices Early aggregators were driven by user subscriptions, whereas next-generation aggregators use algorithms to push news to users. Early aggregators were driven by social media sites, whereas next-generation aggregators are driven by RSS feeds. Early aggregators used algorithms to push news to users, whereas next-generation aggregators are driven by user subscriptions. Early aggregators were driven by RSS feeds, whereas next-generation aggregators are driven by user subscriptions.

What is the process through which we form our political values called? Choices political socialization political participation the values process the constructive principle

What is the relationship between congressional roll-call voting and polarization? Choices Partisan votes in Congress had increased prior to the rise of partisan votes among the general public. Congressional roll-call votes did not show consistent evidence of polarization among members of Congress. Partisan votes in Congress decreased even when polarization among the general public increased. Polarization among the general public has influenced and increased partisan votes in Congress.A.

What other factor do the authors attribute to increased polarization? Choices social class regional diversity education gender

How many Electoral College votes must a candidate secure in order to win the presidency? Choices at least 210 at least 270 at least 150 at least 218

How may a congressional candidate qualify for the state ballot? Choose the BEST answer. Choices by winning the general election by gathering enough petition signatures to run autonomously of a party through selection by party leaders through selection by national party committee chair

In New York, which of the following situations would qualify you for voting by absentee ballot? Choices You are unable to find transportation to your polling place. You are detained in jail awaiting grand jury action. You are required to report for jury duty on Election Day. You have a prior obligation that is explained in writing to the state voting registrar.

In November 2018, a plurality of Americans identified themselves as which of the following? Choices anarchists independents Democrats Republicans

What is the Electoral College? Choices a group of people appointed by each state who formally elect all federal officials a group of people appointed by each state who formally elect the president and vice president of the United States the combined total of the 435 members of the House of Representatives and the 100 members of the Senate the combined total of all registered voters who vote in presidential elections

What was Representative Cole's ultimate position about federal aid in the aftermath of the devastating tornado that hit Oklahoma in May 2013? Choices that federal aid should be returned, and state emergency funds were sufficient that the federal budget should be offset to accommodate for the emergency relief funds that federal relief aid should be eliminated to curb federal spending that the federal emergency relief aid was not enough to rebuild after the tornado

Where can college students register to vote? Choices neither in their hometown nor in their college community either in their hometown or in their college community only in their college community only in their hometown

Which of the following is a method used by parties to select presidential nominees? Choices the lottery system the caucus system a secondary election a general election

Which of the following is considered a disadvantage of using the Electoral College system to select the president? Choices It marginalizes small states and overrepresents large states. It makes it possible for a candidate to lose the popular vote, but still win the presidency. It makes it possible for a candidate to lose the electoral vote, but still win the presidency. It focuses most campaign activity on safely Democratic or Republican states.

A margin of error of +/- 5 in an exit poll would indicate which of the following? Choices A candidate won by 5 percentage points. The winner's actual vote percentage could be 5 percentage points higher or lower than predicted by the poll. Only 5 percent of the population was actually polled. The poll included 10 percent of eligible voters.

According to the Pew survey, what percentage of voters overall named Facebook as their main source of news? Choices 60 percent 8 percent 5 percent 20 percent

According to the text, which of the following affects the persuasiveness of the message? Choices the medium of the source the credibility of the source the popularity of the source the entertainment value of the source

At the end of the broadcast, what is the status of the presidential election? Choices The Florida race is declared too close to call. The Florida race is declared too close to call AND the national vote count shows Al Gore winning the popular vote. George W. Bush is declared the winner of Florida. The national vote count shows Al Gore winning the popular vote

Charlotte Observer metro editor Mike Gordon erases the entire board listing the contents of the previous day's edition. Why? Choices He feels that the previous day's edition perfectly encapsulated the priority stories of the day. Yesterday's news is irrelevant as new stories and issues emerge with a new day. He was unhappy with the previous day's edition. The previous day's articles go onto the newspaper's website.

Disaffected Democrats are most likely to believe which of the following? Choices Immigration weakens our country and harms the economy. Corporations make too much profit. Voting gives individual citizens a say in how government is run. Government benefits to the poor should be radically reduced.

How does Franco Ordonez, the Observer reporter, evaluate editor Mike Gordon's participation in his story-writing process? Choices He worries that Mike does not do enough editing. He believes Mike improves on his writing. He thinks Mike obsesses too much over word choice. He believes Mike has no net effect on his writing.

How have political candidates reacted to the growing popularity of infotainment? Choices by boycotting shows such as The Tonight Show by making appearances on infotainment programs by failing to pass net neutrality laws by pushing for stricter FCC regulations

WFAE reporter Julie Rose works with her producer on some final edits to her story before it airs. Why are these changes necessary? Choices New information has surfaced at the last minute. Her producer worries that a particular phrasing might confuse listeners. The final report is too long for the air time they've allotted for the segment. A source has objected to the use of his comments.

What does confirmation bias tell us about consumers of news? Choices They like to receive information that challenges their preexisting beliefs. They like to receive information that supports their preexisting beliefs. They are more likely to believe information that has been verified by government agencies. They are more likely to believe information that they have received from friends and family members.

What event slowed the expansion of new commercial reactors in the United States during the mid-2000s? Choices the Three Mile Island nuclear disaster the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster the increase in oil prices incidents of cancer-related deaths near nuclear facilities

What happened when newspaper coverage of health care reform declined? Choices People forgot about the issue completely. Fewer people viewed it as the most important issue facing the country. More people viewed it as the most important issue facing the country. People clamored for more stories on the issue.

What is a primary motivation of American media outlets? Choices sociopolitical significance profits driven by market forces civic responsibility educational value

What is the most effective way to ensure that a study reflects the opinions of the general population? Choices poll equal numbers of black, white, Hispanic, and Asian voters use random sampling poll all Americans registered to vote use both private and public pollsters

What issue makes Market Skeptic Republicans unique among the GOP coalition? Choices They do not believe that the economic system benefits powerful interests. They support raising taxes on large businesses and corporations. They support single-payer health care administered by the federal government. They are very optimistic about politics and the political process.

Which of the following problems existed in BOTH the 2000 presidential election and the 2012 Wisconsin recall election? Choices The major networks incorrectly projected an election winner. Exit polling data was used to incorrectly predict the election outcome. Exit polling data was reported late. Early exit polling data was leaked.

Why is Sarah Batista, the WBTV reporter, disappointed after her trip to the Huntersville Police Department? Choices Her on-camera interview with the chief of police was plagued with technical problems. She wasn't able to get an interview or much information. The suspect's attorney threatened her with a lawsuit if she continued to pursue the story. No one at the department would speak to her at all.

Why was Warren Mitofsky willing to project a winner for the Florida election before 8 p.m.? Choices Because his data showed that the exit polling numbers for Gore were even better than the actual votes, he believed the actual votes for Gore were overstated. Because his data showed that the actual votes for Gore were even better than exit polling numbers, he believed exit polls had been overstating Bush's numbers. Because his data showed that the actual votes for Gore were even better than exit polling numbers, he believed exit polls had been overstating Gore's numbers. Because his data showed that the actual votes for Bush were even better than exit polling numbers, he believed exit polls had been overstating Gore's numbers.

Yellow journalism might include which of the following? Choices rigorous fact checking fabricated news stories minutes of Supreme Court hearings in-depth election coverage

If you intend to vote by absentee ballot in Ohio, when does the county director of elections need to receive your application by mail? Choices by noon on the seventh day before the election by 9 a.m. on the day of the election by noon on the third day before the election by 5 p.m. on the day of the election

In what way is North Dakota's voter registration process unique? Choices You only need to be 16 to register to vote in North Dakota. You can be a convicted felon and still vote in North Dakota. You can vote in North Dakota without formally registering beforehand. You can have multiple residences and still vote in North Dakota.

Interest groups would not exist if every person based their political decisions on which of the following? Choices the difficulty of raising money the difficulty of finding like-minded people the ease of free riding the ease of joining an interest group

The Electoral College was established in which of the following? Choices the 12th Amendment the 26th Amendment Article II, section 1 of the Constitution Article I, section 1 of the Constitution

The Founders designed the electoral process to do which of the following? Choices involve citizens in elections as directly as possible involve corporations in elections as much as possible ensure that the government has political legitimacy ensure that the president would be directly elected

The lowest turnout rate, by education level, in the 2016 election was among which group of Americans? Choices those who have graduated from college those with some college education those who did not complete high school those with only a high school education

What is the purpose of a party platform? Choices It establishes a contract that a candidate must accept to become the party's nominee. It satisfies the demands of the core voters. It articulates party positions in the hopes of both pleasing party members and attracting voters. It caters solely to the big donors in the party.

What makes the American Pizza Community unique among specialized interest groups? Choices The American Pizza Community is the only registered lobby that represents food consumers. The American Pizza Community is limited to only major national chains. Pizza is the only specific dish that has an interest group lobbying on its behalf. There is no other registered food lobby with a presence in Washington, DC.

Which of the following considerations tend to diminish differences in voter turnout due to race? Choices rates of unconventional participation gender socioeconomic factors party affiliation

Which of the following groups reported the highest levels of voter registration and turnout in 2016? Choices people with annual incomes under $10,000 people with annual incomes between $40,000 and $49,999 people with annual incomes of $150,000 and above people with annual incomes between $20,000 and $29,999

Which of the following would disqualify you from being able to register to vote in the state of Florida? Choices You have not voted in any previous elections for which you have been eligible. You have not lived in Florida for at least six months prior to the election. You have been convicted of a felony and have not had your civil rights restored. You own a business or place of residence located in another state.

According to former president Barack Obama, what is the problem with the media ecosystem? Choices No one can afford quality journalism. Government agencies are censoring information. No one agrees on the facts. Advertisers are directing content.

According to the AJR article, what are the three sources of data that VNS uses for its projections? Choices raw votes from sample precincts, exit poll data, and absentee ballots actual vote total, electoral vote count, and absentee ballots raw votes from sample precincts, actual vote total, and exit poll results early voting ballots, absentee ballots, and phone survey results

If a reporter intended to frame gay marriage in a positive light, how might she do so? Choices focus on the continued prevalence of AIDS in the gay community emphasize concerns about religious liberty following the Supreme Court decision to legalize same-sex marriage highlight the joyous reaction of gay couples following the Supreme Court decision to legalize same-sex marriage discuss the biblical definition of marriage

In addition to meeting with a mental health professional and going to the local police department, whom does Sarah Batista also hope to interview for her report on the Huntersville murders? Choices the neighbor who called the police the coroner who autopsied the bodies the daughter who found the bodies any neighborhood residents who happen to be around

In which of the following cases might a president expect to see a temporary increase in approval ratings? Choices economic recessions political scandals wars or national crises Supreme Court appointments

Individuals with more political knowledge are considered to be which of the following? Choices more likely to accept media messages that contradict their ideology more likely to be conservative less likely to accept media messages that contradict their ideology less capable of receiving media messages

Julie Rose says that she learned audio editing from which of the following? Choices her father who was also a reporter playing in a band her job at the radio station her college coursework

Most Americans hold which of the following views on the use of public opinion polls? Choices They believe elected officials should make decisions independent of public opinion. They would not want to participate in public opinion polls. They think government leaders should pay attention to public opinion. They believe the use of opinion polls is a waste of resources.

What happened to the approval ratings of President George W. Bush? Choices They were affected positively by the economic situation in 2005. They were affected negatively by the terrorist attacks of 9/11. They peaked in late 2001 and then generally declined. They peaked halfway through his second term.

What is one defining characteristic of the Devout and Diverse group? Choices Most of them approve of President Trump's job performance. Most of them believe that adequate action has been taken to achieve racial equality. Most of them feel that belief in God is necessary to be moral. Most of them oppose the social safety net.

What percentage of adults reported that social media was their most important source of information during the 2016 presidential election? Choices 57 percent 5 percent 14 percent 39 percent

What was the first newspaper to be continuously published in the United States? Choices the Federalist Papers the Gazette of the United States the Boston Newsletter Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick

What was the purpose of the Fairness Doctrine? Choices to provide public funding for the news to limit government censorship to promote balanced coverage of public issues to require anonymous sources to be revealed to the public

Which of the following BEST describes Americans' general views on Congress? Choices Americans generally approve of Congress as an institution. Americans' approval of Congress is usually around 50 percent. Americans tend to approve of their particular member of Congress. Americans' approval of Congress has not fluctuated since 2004.

Which of the following describes a key difference between Core Conservatives and Country First Conservatives? Choices Core Conservatives express deep loyalty to President Trump, whereas Country First Conservatives are more skeptical of his policies. Core Conservatives support new corporate taxes, whereas Country First Conservatives favor lowering the corporate tax rate. Core Conservatives view American involvement in the global economy in positive terms, whereas Country First Conservatives are skeptical of U.S. global involvement. Core Conservatives tend to support smaller government, whereas Country First Conservatives prefer a large, robust government to patrol the borders.

Which of the following presents an essential constraint on Sarah Batista's job? Choices background research live video deadline pressures the need for brevity

Among which racial group was turnout lowest in the 2016 presidential election? Choices African Americans white Americans Asian Americans Hispanic Americans

At the beginning of the video, Senator Tom Coburn expresses which of the following concerns about the health care legislation being discussed in Congress? Choices The individual mandate requiring Americans to purchase health insurance exceeds the bounds of congressional power. The legislation will hurt the economy because the government will have to increase taxes to pay for the program. All comparative effectiveness research done to date is based on shoddy science with inconclusive results. The government may interfere with a doctor's ability to prescribe what's best for his or her patients.

At what point before the election do you need to register to vote in Ohio? Choices 10 days before the election 40 days before the election 20 days before the election 30 days before the election

What was the main concern for early organizers of the Tea Party movement? Choices President Obama's election to office revolutionizing the Republican Party paying other people's mortgages wasteful government spending and bureaucratic growth

Why was protest size more meaningful before the age of social media? Choices Before social media came along, protests were the only venue for expressing political outrage. Seeing large crowds was more impressive because there were fewer people in the country. Before social media came along, Americans were far less politically engaged and active. A large protest signified a complex organization capable of months of planning and preparation.

According to the article, what was the exit poll data showing at 7:45 p.m. on election night, and how did that compare to the model prediction that included sample precinct votes? Choices Exit poll results showed a 6.6 percent lead for Bush versus a 5.4 percent lead for Gore when including votes at sample precincts. Exit poll results showed a 5.4 percent lead for Gore versus a 6.6 percent lead for Gore when including votes at sample precincts. Exit poll results showed a 6.6 percent lead for Bush versus a 5.4 percent lead for Bush when including votes at sample precincts. Exit poll results showed a 6.6 percent lead for Gore versus a 5.4 percent lead for Gore when including votes at sample precincts.

According to the text, on which issue did the media prime the public in the run-up to the 2004 and 2008 presidential elections? Choices the housing boom and immigration health care and taxes the economic recession and taxes national security and the economy

At 11 p.m. EST, what announcement does NBC make regarding the election? Choices The Florida race is declared too close to call. Al Gore is declared the winner of Florida and the next U.S. president. Al Gore is declared the winner of Florida. George W. Bush is declared the winner of Florida and the next U.S. president.

During the economic crisis, how did Congress act? Choices against the Framers' intentions as a check on the power of the Supreme Court quickly and impulsively as a check on the power of national public opinion

Even if social media is not to blame for the increase in polarization, why do the authors of the article believe that people should still be cautious of it? Choices Their studies were inconclusive and require further investigation. Social media has an impact on structural conditions in society. Social media is used as a scapegoat for polarization. Provoking content could be intensified and spread by the mainstream media.

Given that most Americans turn to television for breaking news and considering what you have just watched, which of the following stories would MOST likely be covered by a local TV news station? Choices a presidential debate a new policy initiative a city council meeting a convenience-store robbery

How do personalized news aggregators work? Choices They generate lists based on the popularity of certain news items among high-volume users. They generate lists based on information from RSS feeds. They generate lists based on the popularity of certain news items among all users. They generate lists based on social media profiles.

Persuasion works best under which of the following circumstances? Choices Individuals lack interest in the subject. Individuals have a strong ideological bias. The content is heavily pro-liberal, regardless of the issue. Individuals lack knowledge of the subject.

Roughly how many people were surveyed for Pew's report? Choices about 15,000 about 1,000 about 3,000 about 5,000

The stock market collapse of September 2008 and subsequent events provide an example of which of the following? Choose the BEST answer. Choices universal support for President Bush's proposals the power of the executive branch over the legislative branch stability in American public opinion the complicated relationship between members of Congress and the public

What do Core Conservatives and Solid Liberals have in common? Choices Both are unlikely to register to vote. Both ultimately disapprove of President Trump's job performance. Both support increasing taxes on corporations and large businesses. They are both highly engaged in politics.

What does Mike say about the local TV news stations? Choices Their staffs are smaller than the Observer's. Their staffs do excellent work. Their staffs are smaller than the Observer's AND their coverage is very superficial. Their staffs are smaller than the Observer's AND they do excellent work.

What group of voters saw the largest increase in voter turnout in 2008? Choices young adults Hispanics women young African Americans

Which of the following identifies one of the benefits of news aggregators? Choices They provide financial support for traditional newspapers and magazines. They send people information that challenges their preexisting beliefs. They offer additional fact-checking on each of the stories they circulate. They expand the audience for both old and new media outlets.

What distinguishes members of the Bystander group? Choices They are more likely to be white than other groups. Almost no one in the group is registered to vote. They are the oldest group in the typology. They are aggressively active in politics, particularly on social media.

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