Govt 2305 Ch. 5-8

From 1896 to 1932, the ________ Party was the nation's majority party.

Republican

Throughout its history, American politics has been dominated by ____ major political party/parties

Two

The campaign funds raised and spent by 501 (c)(4) organizations are called "dark money" because

donors and amounts contributed do not have to be public

Libertarianism is a political ideology that

emphasizes freedom and voluntary association with small government

Support for same sex marriage

has dramatically increased since 1996

An individual's psychological attachment to one party or another is called a party ________.

identification

The belief that government is wasteful and should be limited to as few activities as possible is an example of a political

ideology

The fact that many middle-class and lower-middle-class citizens who did not stand to benefit from President George W. Bush's tax cuts seemed to favor the is an example of the

importance of political knowledge

During the 2000 South Carolina Republican primary, George W. Bush supporters telephoned conservative white voters to ask if they would be more or less likely to vote for John McCain if they knew he had fathered an illegitimate black child. This was an example of what tactic?

push poll

Which three types of factors influence the decisions of voters at the polls?

partisan loyalty, issues, and the characteristics of candidates

The fact that Democratic Party leaders have become more liberal and Republican Party leaders more conservative is important because

partisans in the public no longer rely on party leaders for cues on the appropriate positions to take on major political issues

Generally speaking, a recall effort begins with a

petition campaign

In 2008, about _____ percent of Latino Americans voted for Barack Obama

67

In 1936, pollsters at the Library Digest were guilty of ______ when they mistakenly predicted a presidential victory for Alf Landon over Franklin Roosevelt by polling people whose names came from the telephone book and automobile registration records

selection bias

The idea behind micro-targeting is to

send different campaign messages to different demographic groups of voters

Third parties in the United States typically represent

social and economic interests that are disregarded by the two major parties for certain reasons

The fact that survey respondents overreport voting in elections and the frequency of their church attendance is an example of ________.

social desirability

Women in the United States are ________ the ________ Party.

somewhat more likely to support; Democratic

In international affairs, conservatism has come to mean

support for military invention and the maintenance of American military power

A political ideology is best defined as

the concrete interest that people try to defend through public policy

Which of the following statements about the ideological preferences of Americans is true?

the percentage of Americans identifying themselves as liberals has increased significantly since the 1900's

The practice of push polling involves

the procedure of asking loaded questions in order to subtly shape the respondent's opinion.

In order to win the presidency today, a candidate must win ______ electoral votes.

270

_________ are independent, nonprofit groups that receive and distribute funds to influence the nomination, election, and/or defeat of a candidate

527 committees

When Hillary Clinton won the plurality of votes in California during the 2016 election, and California had 53 representatives in the House of Representatives, how many electoral votes from California did she win?

55

Which of the following statements about public opinion in America is true?

Citizens with high levels of knowledge are generally better able to evaluate new information to determine its relevancy to their beliefs

The two major parties in the United States during the 1830's and 1840's were the ______ and the _______

Democrats; Whigs

Which of the following statements about the political opinions of Democrats and Republicans in the public is the most accurate?

Differences between the political opinions of Democrats and Republicans are greater today than during any other period in the last 40 years

_______ occurs when one party controls the presidency while another party controls one or both houses of Congress

Divided government

What is a referendum?

It is the practice of voting directly for proposed law passed by a legislature to the vote of the electorate for approval or rejection

Who exposed the Watergate scandal?

Journalists at the Washington Post

_______ generally support abortion rights and oppose state involvement with religious institutions.

Liberals

Which statement best describes the relationship between public opinion and government policy?

The relationship between government policy and public opinion is dynamic, wherein government policy responds to public opinion but public also shifts based on new government policies

Partisan loyalty is likely to be highest in the election of

a state legislature

A liberal would most likely support

an expansion in governmental social services

A proposal law or policy change that is placed on the ballot by citizens or interest groups for a popular vote is a called

ballot initiative

Research into public opinion and public policy has shown that

more affluent and more educated citizens have a disproportionate influence over politics and public policy decisions

A(n) ______ occurs when a voter can wait until the day of the primary to choose which party to enroll in to select candidates for the general election

open primary

Pollsters use random digit dialing to gather national samples for surveys because

there is not a compete list of all Americans that can be used to identify the population

Politicians attempt to "balance the ticket" with members of many important groups because

voters tend to prefer candidates who are closer to themselves in terms of race, ethnicity, religion, gender, geography, and a social background