Grant A&P 1-10 modules

All of the following statements are TRUE of epithelial tissue EXCEPT:

Epithelial cells are not capable of division. Submit

Which of the following is NOT considered a general sense?

Equilibrium

What is the main difference between negative feedback and positive feedback?

Negative feedback reverses a change in a variable that has moved outside of its normal range, whereas positive feedback strengthens it.

Which of the following pairs of directional terms are not opposites?

Posterior-Dorsal

Which of the following statements concerning connective tissue is FALSE?

Proper, fluid, supporting, and glandular are the four major types of connective tissue.

Which of the following sensory receptors does NOT match its stimulus?

Proprioceptors: vibration

Oligodendrocytes are to CNS as ________ are to PNS.

Schwann cells

Which of the following is essential for normal bone growth?

Sex hormones,Calcium,Vitamin D3, All of the choices are essential for normal bone growth.

Which of the following bone shapes and examples are mismatched?

Short bones; vertebrae

Which of the following is correct in regards to positive feedback?

The initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces that stimulus.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

The more muscle fibers a motor unit contains, the finer the movement.

What would happen to a person whose body is unable to produce a sufficient amount of gonadotropins?

The person will not undergo sexual maturation.

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

The retina contains two types of proprioceptors.

Which statement is true when you focus your eyes on a distant object?

There is now a shorter focal distance than if the object was close.

Which of the following is NOT one of the special senses?

Touch

What is an osteocyte?

a mature bone cell

Homeostasis refers to which of the following?

a state of consistent internal environment

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

acting as the main source of body heat

If the Ca2+ ion concentration is low in the cytoplasm and high in the extracellular fluids, which process would allow Ca2+ to continue leaving the cell?

active transport

Most of the ATP needed by muscle cells is provided through ________.

aerobic metabolism

The aqueous humor fills and stabilizes which of the following?

anterior cavity

A rise in the concentration of solutes in the blood or a fall in the blood volume will cause the release of __________.

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

A primary function of the integumentary system is to help maintain normal body temperature by regulating heat exchange with the environment (as you saw in Chapter 5: The Integumentary System). Excess body heat may be lost from the skin when superficial blood vessels dilate (widen) and merocrine sweat glands secrete perspiration. The heat released by the superficial blood flow warms and evaporates the sweat on the skin, cooling the skin and lowering body temperature. What is the name of the other type of sweat glands that become active after puberty and secrete their products into hair follicles in the armpits, around the nipples, and in the pubic region?

apocrine

Which gland is responsible for odorous secretions concentrated in the armpits and groin?

apocrine sweat gland

A patient's urine sample indicates high levels of glucose. This condition would be attributed to the malfunction of which cells?

beta cells

While observing bone tissue, you notice that osteoblast activity exceeds osteoclast activity. What are you observing?

bone growth

What structure is labeled "H"?

external acoustic meatus

The unfused sutures of a newborn skull such as the one labeled "D" are called __________.

fontanelles

A round opening through the bone that acts as a passageway for blood vessels or nerves referred to as a __________.

foramen

Which plane of dissection would cut through hypochondriac, umbilical, and epigastric abdominopelvic regions all at the same time?

frontal or coronal

When the arrector pili muscle is stimulated, it pulls on the hair follicle, causing __________.

goose bumps

Recall that the nervous system directs immediate responses to stimuli (as you saw in Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology). It usually does so by coordinating the activities of other organ systems. It also provides and interprets sensory information about internal and external conditions. What is the name for the stable internal environment that every living organism must maintain to survive?

homeostasis

What are chemical messengers that affect target cells?

hormones

Neurotransmitters are to the nervous system as ________ to the endocrine system.

hormones are

Which of the following contains large quantities of adipose tissue, blood vessels, and nerve cells, but does not contain any vital organs?

hypodermis

Which pair of terms concerning the osmotic effect of a solution on red blood cells is mismatched?

hypotonic; crenation

A patient's blood panel indicates high levels of blood calcium. Which hormone is most likely NOT being produced in sufficient quantity?

calcitonin

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) will increase blood levels of __________.

calcium

The smallest functional unit of life is considered to be the ________.

cell

What is the fluid inside the cell called?

cytosol

A shift of positively charged ions into the cell is called __________.

depolarization

The central shaft of a long bone is called the ________.

diaphysis

The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is called __________.

diffusion

Which gives the correct order of meninges from outside to inside?

dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

How would you explain to your roommate, who has NEVER taken an A&P class, why a superficial paper cut to his index finger did not bleed?

epidermis, the top layer of the skin, is epithelial tissue and has no blood vessels

Which of the following is the layer of collagen fibers that surrounds the entire muscle?

epimysium

The four basic types of tissue found in a complex organism such as a human body are __________.

epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural

Beta cells of the pancreas produce which hormone?

insulin

Which bone shape is depicted here?

long bone (Correct! Long bones, such as the humerus, are longer than they are wide.)

Which hormone is NOT matched with its function?

melatonin: producing skin color

Recall that cells are the smallest living units that exhibit the basic functions of living things —responsiveness, growth, reproduction, movement, and metabolism (as you saw in Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology). Which one of those basic functions of living things refers to the summation of all the chemical reactions in the body?

metabolism (Organisms rely on complex chemical reactions to provide the energy required for responsiveness, growth, reproduction, and movement. Metabolism refers to all the chemical operations in the body.)

Which of the following are small, finger-shaped projections of the plasma membrane that increase surface area?

microvilli

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called what?

osmosis

Which of the following is responsible for the production of new bone?

osteoblasts

The pelvic cavity lies inferior to the abdominal cavity (as you saw in Chapter 1: An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology). It contains the urinary bladder, various reproductive organs, and the distal portion of the large intestine. What is the name of the serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity?

peritoneum

A white blood cell engulfing bacteria is an example of a cell performing ________.

phagocytosis

The membrane lining the peritoneal cavity is an example of what type of membrane?

serous

Which of the following provides control over skeletal muscles?

somatic nervous system

Which of the following is NOT a function of epithelia?

storage

A burn that destroys the epidermis as well as the hair follicles and sensory nerves is classified as a __________ burn.

third-degree

Systemic anatomy is to the organ system level as histology is to the ________.

tissue level

phagocytosis

Phagocytosis is a type of active transport by which solid objects are brought into the cell.

Which is NOT a function of skeletal muscles?

contraction of the heart

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

Movement

Which of the following structures is the most superficial?

Dura mater

________ is a loose connective tissue, ________ is a fluid connective tissue, and ________ is a supporting connective tissue.

Adipose; blood; bone

Severe damage to the spinal cord can result in general paralysis that reflects the specific nuclei, tracts, or spinal nerves involved. For example extensive damage at the fourth or fifth cervical vertebral levels will eliminate sensation and motor control of the upper and lower limbs. The extensive paralysis produced is called quadriplegia. Paraplegia, the loss of motor control of the lower limbs, may follow damage at the thoracic vertebral level. How many thoracic vertebrae are there?

(12)The thoracic vertebrae are the most numerous. According to the CDC, complete or partial paralysis due to spinal injury affects approximately 200,000 people in the United States.

1. Sodium enters the cell.2. Cell is repolarized.3. Voltage-gated sodium channels close as voltage-gated potassium channels open.4. Cell is depolarized.5. A stimulus arrives.6. Potassium leaves the cell.7. Voltage-gated sodium channels open

5,7,1,4,3,6,2

Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE regarding skin color?

A person's skin color depends on the number of melanocytes present in the epidermis.

Which major type of tissue is responsible for support, protection, transportation, and energy storage?

Connective

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the spinal cord?

It forms a continuous connection with the brain.

Which of the following is NOT a taste sensation?

Oil

The brain and spinal cord comprise the

central nervous system.

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integument?

conduction of electrical impulses

Rods are to night vision as ________ are to color vision.

cones

A transparent mucous membrane covering the sclera is the __________.

conjunctiva

This tissue has specialized cells, extracellular fibers, and fluid known as ground substance.

connective

Unlike cartilage, bone __________.

contains a blood supply

Blood clotting and uterine contractions during delivery are examples of ________.

positive feedback mechanisms

Which of the following is an oil gland that secretes into hair follicles?

sebaceous gland

Burns are relatively common injuries that result from skin exposure to heat, friction, radiation, electrical shock, or strong chemical agents. When evaluating burns in a clinical setting, two key factors must be determined: the depth of the burn and the percentage of skin surface area that has been burned. What kind of burn is characterized by blistering?

second-degree burn