Growth and Development NCLEX

A 4-year old child diagnosed with leukemia is hospitalized for chemotherapy. The child is fearful of the hospitalization. Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate to alleviate the child's fears? 1. Encourage the child's parents to stay with the child 2. Encourage play with other children of the same age 3. Advise the family to visit only during the scheduled visiting hours 4. Provide a private room, allowing the child to bring favorite toys from home

1. Encourage the child's parents to stay with the child.

A school nurse is teaching adolescents about oral care. Which point should the nurse address with the students? 1. The adolescent should floss daily, brush teeth twice a day, and see the dentist two times per year. 2. The adolescent should brush once a day and see the dentist twice per year. 3. The adolescent should see the dentist once a year and brush teeth twice a day. 4. The adolescent should floss daily, brush teeth twice a day, and see the dentist once a year.

1. The adolescent should floss daily, brush teeth twice a day, and see the dentist two times per year

The American Academy of Pediatrics lists safety tips for adolescents who drive a motor vehicle. When teaching a group of parents with teenagers, which statement should a nurse include in the teaching? 1. Nighttime driving is okay as long as the teenager is not fatigues. 2. A lack of experience will motivate the teenager to want to practice driving longer. 3. Transportation of other teenagers by a teenage driver should be avoided. 4. Although teenagers tend to use safety belts, reminders are always important.

3. Transportation of other teenagers by a teenage driver should be avoided.

A clinic nurse is completing a school physical on an adolescent girl. The girl is concerned because she is 13 years old and has not yet starting menstruating. Which statement by the nurse should be most helpful when addressing the girl's concerns? 1. "The average age for a girl to experience menarche is 12.5 years. That means some girls will be younger and some will be older than 12.5 years." 2. "Don't worry about it; your period will come." 3. "I can see why you are concerned, since some girls get their period when they are 10 years old." 4. "I can refer you to a specialist who can answer your questions."

1. "The average age for a girl to experience menarche is 12.5 years. That means some girls will be younger and some will be older than 12.5 years."

A nurse is assessing an infant for attachment behavior with a parent. Which observations are important in assessing this relationship? Select all that apply. 1. The kind of body contact between the parent and infant 2. If the parent is holding and cuddling the infant 3. The kind of comfort techniques being used by the parent 4. The comfort level of the parent while interacting with the baby 5. Whether the infant is crying

1. The kind of body contact between the parent and infant 2. If the parent is holding and cuddling the infant 3. The kind of comfort techniques being used by the parent 4. The comfort level of the parent while interacting with the baby

A 7-year-old child lived in foster homes when he was an infant. He was adopted at the age of 1 year to an intact family who provided him with love and security. Which developmental task was this child most likely unable to complete as an infant? 1. Trust versus mistrust 2. Industry versus inferiority 3. Autonomy versus shame and doubt 4. Initiative versus guilt

1. Trust versus mistrust

A 4-year-old child is hospitalized with a high fever. While the child is in bed, the child comforts himself by sucking the thumb. The mother of the child becomes concerned because her child has not sucked his thumb for 6 months. Which nursing response to the mother's concerns is most appropriate? 1. "I don't know why he is sucking his thumb; maybe your child just needs more attention." 2. "This is a form of developmental regression and can be a normal response for a child who is hospitalized. Continue to love and support your child." 3. "Is there anything else going on in your family right now that may be causing your child to feel anxious?" 4. "Where is the child's father? Maybe the child wants his father?"

2. "This is a form of developmental regression and can be a normal response for a child who is hospitalized. Continue to love and support your child."

A nurse at a clinic is preparing the immunizations for a 6-month-old baby. The mother says, "My baby is afraid of strangers and afraid of separating from me. My mother-in-law is upset and thinks I am causing it." Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1. "Give your baby to strangers while you are present, so your baby gets used to strangers." 2. "Your mother-in-law is correct; you need to include her more in your baby's needs." 3. "Separation anxiety is an important component of a parent-child attachment." 4. " Just let your baby cry for a while; your baby will get used to being separated from you."

3. "Separation anxiety is an important component of a parent-child attachment."

A nurse is preparing to care for a 5-year-old who has been placed in traction following a fracture of the femur. The nurse plans care, knowing that which of the following is the most appropriate activity for this child? 1. A radio 2. A sports video 3. Large picture books 4. Crayon and a coloring book

4. Crayon and a coloring book

A nurse case manager is meeting with the parents of an 8-year-old client. The 8-year-old is scheduled for surgery to repair a cleft palate. The parents ask the case manager when they should discuss and explain the surgery to their child. Based on the child's developmental age, which is the best response by the nurse? 1. Explain the surgery immediately before it is carried out. 2. Explain the surgery 1 to 2 hours before it is carried out. 3. Explain the surgery up to 1 week before it is carried out. 4. Explain the surgery several days before it is carried out.

4. Explain the surgery several days before it is carried out.

A 10-month-old child reaches the 9-12 month developmental stage. Which nursing action is most appropriate for providing tactile stimulation for this child? 1. Caress the child while diaper changing 2. Give the child a soft squeeze toy 3. Swaddle the child at nap time 4. Let the child squash and mash food while sitting in a high chair

4. Let the child squash and mash food while sitting in a high chair

A nurse is caring for a 3-month-old infant. Based on the developmental age of the child, which motor skill should the nurse expect to see during an assessment? 1. Bangs objects held in hand 2. Begins to grab objects using a pincer grasp 3. Grabs objects using a palmar grasp 4. Looks and plays with his own fingers

4. Looks and plays with his own fingers

A nurse in a clinic is asked to teach a 13-year-old boy diagnosed with asthma. The nurse assesses that the child is developmentally on task. Which consideration should the nurse include when teaching this client? 1. The client is unable to differentiate cause and effect, so keep it simple. 2. The client is discovering new properties of objects and events, so expect many questions. 3. The client is not developmentally able to remember information, so handouts are necessary. 4. The client needs explanations of the physiology of asthma and demonstrations of appropriate interventions.

4. The client needs explanations of the physiology of asthma and demonstrations of appropriate interventions.

A school nurse is teaching adolescents about sexual activity and how the human papilloma virus (HPV) is contracted and prevented. Which statements should the nurse include when teaching about HPV. Select all that apply. 1. HPV can be contracted by oral sex. 2. HPV can be contracted on the toilet seat. 3. HPV is so common that most people can get it soon after becoming sexually active. 4. HPV is contracted through vaginal sex. 5. HPV is contracted through anal sex. 6. Condom use can fully protect against contracting the HPV virus.

1. HPV can be contracted by oral sex. 4. HPV is contracted through vaginal sex. 5. HPV is contracted through anal sex.

An experienced nurse is orienting a new nurse to the care of children in a clinic. Which immunizations should the experienced nurse inform the new nurse to plan to administer to normally healthy children between ages 1 and 5 years? Select all that apply. 1. Inactivated poliovirus 2. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP) 3. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) 4. Hepatitis B (HepB) 5. Meningococcal

1. Inactivated poliovirus 2. Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP) 3. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) 4. Hepatitis B (HepB)

A clinic nurse is meeting with a mother and her 3-year-old son. The toddler is acting out, and the mother asks what a good form of discipline would be for her son. The nurse recommends a "time-out" for the child. Which statement regarding a time-out is most accurate? 1. The child should sit still for as many minutes as he misbehaved 2. The child should sit still at a time-out for as many minutes as his age in years 3. The child should be able to read a book during time-out 4. Children should not be expected to sit still until they are in school

2. The child should sit still at a time-out for as many minutes as his age in years

A 16-year-old is admitted to the hospital for acute appendicitis and an appendectomy is performed. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to facilitate normal growth and development postoperatively? 1. Encourage the child to rest and read. 2. Encourage the parents to room in with the child. 3. Allow the child to interact with others in his or her same age group. 4. Allow the family to bring in the child's favorite computer games.

3. Allow the child to interact with others in his or her same age group.

A nurse is preparing to consult with an adolescent being seen in a clinic. Which principle is most important for the nurse to consider when interacting with the client? 1. Avoid a straightforward approach because adolescents cannot fully process their health needs. 2. Reassure the teenager that it is unnecessary to answer all questions; however, before the examination is complete the client will need to provide all information. 3. Avoid conveying surprise over comments made by the client. 4. Because adolescents want to be treated as adults, the same cognitive information should be provided as if they were an adult.

3. Avoid conveying surprise over comments made by the client.

A nurse is monitoring a 3-month-old infant for signs of increased intracranial pressure. On palpation of the fontanels, the nurse notes that the anterior fontanel is soft and flat. Based on this finding, which nursing action is appropriate? 1. Increase oral fluids. 2. Notify the physician. 3. Document the finding. 4. Elevate the head of the bed to 90 degrees.

3. Document the finding

A nurse assesses the vital signs of a 12-month-old infant with a respiratory infection and notes that the respiratory rate is 35 breaths/min. Based on this finding, which action is appropriate? 1. Administer oxygen. 2. Notify the physician. 3. Document the findings. 4. Reassess the respiratory rate in 15 minutes.

3. Document the findings

A nurse is planning to use the Denver Articulation Screening Examination (DASE) for a 4-year-old child. To properly use the DASE, the nurse should plan to ask the child to: 1. Read a favorite book at the child's developmental level. 2. Read a phrase and tell the nurse the meaning of the phrase. 3. Repeat familiar words that are read to the child. 4. Ask the child to state the letters of the alphabet.

3. Repeat familiar words that are read to the child.

A nurse in a clinic is assessing the weight of an infant. Which infant's weight indicates to the nurse that the infant's weight is normal for the infant's age? 1. The baby's weight has tripled in the first 6 months of life 2. The baby's weight has doubled in the first year of life 3. The baby's weight has doubled in the first 6 months of life and tripled in the first year. 4. The baby's weight has doubled in the first 6 months and doubled again in the next 6 months

3. The baby's weight has doubled in the first 6 months of life and tripled in the first year.

A pediatric nurse is to perform a head-to-toe assessment on a toddler who is admitted to the hospital for nausea and vomiting. Which is most important for the nurse to consider before beginning the examination? 1. Making sure the parents are present. 2. Using a firm tone to settle the child down for the examination 3. Waiting until the child is ready to cooperate 4. Preparing for a physical examination based on the child's developmental age

4. Preparing for a physical examination based on the child's developmental age

An 8-month-old baby girl, who is developing appropriately, is admitted to a pediatric unit for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The baby is crying and being held by her mother. A nurse wants to provide appropriate care based on Erikson's developmental stages. In which stage is this baby, according to Erikson's theory? 1. Punishment versus obedience orientation 2. Oral stage 3. Initiative versus guilt 4. Trust versus mistrust

4. Trust versus mistrust

Various children are being seen in the clinic for various well-baby checks. By what age should a nurse expect a child to begin to use simple words to communicate needs? 1. Age 10-12 months 2. Age 1-2 years 3. Age 6-9 months 4. Age 2-3 years

1. Age 10-12 months

A nurse in a clinic is caring for a 16-year-old mother and her baby. The mother seems anxious about her new role as a mother. She looks at the nurse and says, "I don't think I can do this." What are some of the conclusions that the nurse might make about this situation? Select all that apply. 1. There may be a concern for postpartum depression. 2. This mother may be at risk for abandoning her baby. 3. An intervention could be providing information for the nearest safe house for the baby. 4. The mother should have been taught how to deal with this situation in prenatal classes. 5. The mother should be encouraged to give up the infant for adoption.

1. There may be a concern for postpartum depression. 2. This mother may be at risk for abandoning her baby. 3. An intervention could be providing information for the nearest safe house for the baby.

A school nurse is presenting the latest information related to driving under the influence (DUI) of alcohol to high school students. The nurse informs the students that all 50 states and the District of Columbia have laws defining it as a crime to drive with a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) at or above a prescribed level of: 1. 0.1%. 2. 1.0% 3. 0.08% 4. 0.8%

3. 0.08%

A 2-year-old child is treated in the emergency room for a burn to the chest and abdomen. The child sustained the burn by grabbing a cup of hot coffee that was left on the kitchen counter. The nurse reviews safety principles with the parents before discharge. Which statement by the parents indicates an understanding of measures to provide safety in the home? 1. "We will be sure not to leave hot liquids unattended." 2. "I guess my children need to understand what the word HOT means." 3. "We will be sure that the children stay in their rooms when we work in the kitchen." 4. "We will install a safety gate as soon as we get home so the children cannot get into the kitchen."

1. "We will be sure not to leave hot liquids unattended."

A 22-month-old toddler is walking into the examination room independently in front of the toddler's mother. Which method should the nurse plan to use to weigh the child? 1. A standing scale should be used because the toddler is able to stand independently. 2. Weigh using an infant scale because this is the method for all infants until the age of 2 years. 3. Ask the mother which would be best for the child. 4. Have the mother weigh herself and then weigh herself holding her child. Then subtract the mother's weight from the combined child and mother's weight.

1. A standing scale should be used because the toddler is able to stand independently.

A mother of a 3-year-old asks a clinic nurse about appropriate and safe toys for the child. The nurse tells the mother that the most appropriate toy for a 3-year-old is which of the following? 1. A wagon 2. A golf set 3. A farm set 4. A jack set with marbles

1. A wagon

A nurse is teaching the parents of children between the ages of 2 and 3 years old about nutritional intake. The nurse should teach the parents that the percentage of the daily total intake of fat should be no more than which percentage? 1. 20% to 25% 2. 50% 3. 30% 4. 10% to 20%

3. 30%

A school nurse is concerned about the lack of physical activity in the high school. The nurse has gathered data related to appropriate activity from the document Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health. Which recommendation for physical activity should the school nurse recommend for this age group? 1. Adolescents should get at least 60 minutes of physical activity daily. 2. High school students should be required to participate in physical education classes. 3. Teenagers should be exercising at least 30 minutes three to five times per week. 4. Adolescents should be exercising every day for at least 15 minutes

1. Adolescents should get at least 60 minutes of physical activity daily.

A student explains to an instructor that the infant period is categorized as the "oral phase" according to Freud's theory. Which statements by the student suggest an understanding of this phase? Select all that apply. 1. An infant sucks for nourishment as well as pleasure 2. An infant does not find pleasure in sucking but does find enjoyment from the nourishment 3. An infant may have more pleasure in breastfeeding than bottle feeding because it expends more energy 4. An infant does not find pleasure in use of a pacifier 5. An infant explores the world through the mouth 6. An infant begins to explore the genital area to learn sexual identity

1. An infant sucks for nourishment as well as pleasure 3. An infant may have more pleasure in breastfeeding than bottle feeding because it expends more energy 5. An infant explores the world through the mouth

A mother brings her 5-month-old to the clinic for a well-child appointment. A nurse is doing an assessment when the mother asks when she can give her baby solid foods. What response is most appropriate? 1. Inquire if the baby can sit well with support and if the baby's tongue thrust has decreased. 2. Ask the mother is she feels the baby is ready for solids. 3. Ask the mother if the baby seems hungry after bottle feeding. 4. Tell the mother to ask the pediatrician.

1. Inquire if the baby can sit well with support and if the baby's tongue thrust has decreased.

When taking a infant's blood pressure, which points are important for a nurse to remember? Select all that apply. 1. It is best to use an infant cuff on an infant. 2. The cuff used should be no more than two-thirds of the length of the upper arm. 3. The cuff used can be a doppler ultrasound device. 4. The reading of the upper arm should be higher than the thigh. 5. A similar reading on the arm and the thigh could indicate coarctation of the aorta.

1. It is best to use an infant cuff on an infant. 2. The cuff used should be no more than two-thirds of the length of the upper arm. 3. The cuff used can be a doppler ultrasound device.

Which interventions are appropriate for the care of an infant? Select all that apply. 1. Provide swaddling. 2. Talk in a loud voice. 3. Provide the infant with a bottle of juice at nap time. 4. Hang mobiles with black and white contrast designs. 5. Caress the infant while bathing or during diaper changes. 6. Allow the infant to cry for at least 10 minutes before responding.

1. Provide swaddling. 4. Hang mobiles with black and white contrast designs. 5. Caress the infant while bathing or during diaper changes.

A nurse prepares to administer digoxin (Lanoxin) to a 3-year-old child with a diagnosis of congestive heart failure and notes that the apical heart rate is 110 beats/min. Based on this finding, which nursing action is appropriate? 1. Hold the medication. 2. Notify the physician. 3. Administer the digoxin. 4. Recheck the apical rate in 15 minutes.

3. Administer the digoxin

A nurse is assessing the nutritional needs of a 1-year-old client. According to recommendations for introducing milk products, which type of milk should a 1-year-old child be drinking? 1. 2% milk beginning at the age of 1 2. 1% milk 3. Whole milk until the age of 2 years 4. Skim milk

3. Whole milk until the age of 2 years

A clinic nurse is caring for a 2-year-old client. During the examination the child's parents ask the nurse when their toddler should be toilet trained. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate? 1. "Children should be placed on the potty chair often so they get used to the task and should be rewarded immediately for staying on the potty chair." 2. "Children need sphincter control, cognitive understanding of the task, and the ability to delay immediate gratification." 3. "Children should be ready toilet train at about 2 years old." 4. "First put training pants on your child so the child gets used to not wearing a diaper."

2. "Children need sphincter control, cognitive understanding of the task, and the ability to delay immediate gratification."

The mother of a 3-year-old is concerned because her child still is insisting on a bottle at nap time and at bedtime. Which of the following is the appropriate suggestion to the mother? 1. Allow the bottle if it contains juice. 2. Allow the bottle if it contains water. 3. Do not allow the child to have the bottle. 4. Allow the bottle during naps but not at bedtime.

2. Allow the bottle if it contains water.

Which of the following care safety devices should be used for a child who is 8 years old and is 4 feet tall? 1. Seat belt 2. Booster seat 3. Rear-facing convertible seat 4. Front-facing convertible seat

2. Booster seat

A nurse is preparing a 4-year-old boy for surgery. Which nursing action is appropriate for preoperative teaching based on Erikson's developmental stages? 1. Allowing the child to make a project related to the surgery 2. Having the child put a surgical mask on a doll 3. Asking the child how he feels about surgery 4. Allowing the child to listen to music without further instructions

2. Having the child put a surgical mask on a doll

A nurse is caring for a 14-year-old client who was admitted for dehydration from nausea and vomiting. The client is ready for discharge and says to the nurse, "I will tell you something, but you can't tell anyone." Which nursing action is most appropriate? 1. Promise the client the information will not be told to anyone due to Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HiPAA) laws. 2. Tell the client that the information will be confidential unless it is life threatening or harmful. 3. Tell the client that only the physician will be told; otherwise the information will remain confidential. 4. Ask the client to tell a social worker who then can follow through with the information if it is concerning.

2. Tell the client that the information will be confidential unless it is life threatening or harmful.

A nurse is evaluating the developmental level of a 2-year-old. Which of the following does the nurse expect to observe in this child? 1. Uses a fork to eat 2. Uses a cup to drink 3. Pours own milk into a cup 4. Uses a knife for cutting food.

2. Uses a cup to drink

Which result should a nurse expect if a 4-year-old child's visual acuity test is normal for the child's developmental age? 1. 10/10 2. 20/20 3. 20/40 4. 40/40

3. 20/40

A mother arrives at a clinic with her toddler and tells a nurse that she has a difficult time getting the child to go to bed at night. Which of the following is appropriate for the nurse to suggest to the mother? 1. Avoid a nap during the day. 2. Allow the child to set bedtime limits. 3. Allow the child to have temper tantrums. 4. Inform the child of bedtime a few minutes before it is time for bed.

4. Inform the child of bedtime a few minutes before it is time for bed.