Growth and Development of the Adolescent
A high-school athlete comes to the emergency department with hypertension, aggressiveness, and psychosis. What question would be important for the nurse to ask the client?
"Do you take anabolic steroids?" Anabolic steroids are used by adolescents who play sports. They are used to enhance the adolescent's athletic ability. They produce euphoria and lessened fatigue. Unfortunately, steroid use can also lead to early closure of the epiphyseal plate, acne, elevated triglyceride levels, hypertension, aggressiveness, and possibly psychosis. Human growth hormone is also used to enhance athletic performance. The side effects of it are joint pain and swelling and the development of diabetes. Amphetamines provide a sense of well-being, alertness, and self-esteem. They can produce paranoia and extreme restlessness. Cocaine produces increased pulse and respirations, increased temperature, and blood pressure and decreased appetite.
adolescence
11 - 18
The school nurse is assessing a 16-year-old girl who was removed from class because of disruptive behavior. She arrives in the nurse's office with dilated pupils and is talking rapidly. Which drug might she be using?
Amphetamines Amphetamine use manifests as euphoria with rapid talking and dilated pupils. Signs of opiate use are drowsiness and constricted pupils. Barbiturates typically cause a sense of euphoria followed by depression. Marijuana users are typically relaxed and uninhibited.
galactosemia
Disturbance in carbohydrate metabolism
Piaget
Formal operations increased ability to think abstract think he/she is invincible - risky behaviors increase like making independent decisions develops critical thinking skills- tests
Erikson
Identity vs role confusion
Kwashiorkor
Protein deficiency w/ adequate calories serum albumin will be low symptoms: - wasted extremities -abdominal distention -dry, scaly skin -depigmentation -alopecia -blindness -diarrhea -irritability -apathy -edema
Nutritional needs
VARIES girls 2000 cals boys 2400- 2800 cals about 1300 mg of calcium boys 11 mg of iron/52 mg protein girls 15 mg of iron/46 mg protein
Vitamin C defiency - Scurvy
Vitamin C needed for protein synthesis & collagen formation
foods high in iron
beef, chicken, fish liver peanut butter nuts & seeds green peas, lima beans eggs dark leafy veggies (spinach) strawberries tomato juice whole-grain bread raisins watermelon
PKU
child cannot breastfeed special formula
Vitamin D defiency - Rickets
needed for calcium & phosphorus absorption
Promoting nutrition
nutritional needs are increased during adolescence due to accelerated growth and sexual maturation. -increased appetite -influenced by peers (increased snacking) -body and appearance conscious growth spurts: girls 10 - 12 years boys 12 - 14 years
Marasmus
protein and calorie deficeincy symptoms: -gradual wasting -atrophy of tissues -wrinkled, flabby skin -lethargy -prostration -disease/ infection
