Hardware and Software
What are the four steps of the boot process?
1. device powered on & CPU activates Basic input output system (BIOS) 2. power on self test (test hardware) 3. OS loaded into RAM 4. OS checks saved configurations
When buying a laptop it should have at least ___ RAM
4-8 GB
A ___ is the smallest amount of data a computer can process
A bit
What is a protocol?
A set of rules for how devices communicate and how data is transmitted across a network. -Exp. Wi-Fi: 802.11
What are the two components of a processor (CPU)?
ALU- Arithmetic logic unit (performs Boolean Algebra) CU- Control Unit (gives instructions based on ALU)
What are the two most common codes?
ASCII- American, 1 byte UNICODE- universal, 2 bytes per character
What is an analytical platform?
Assist data driven companies in large scale data analysis & interpretation
What are the different Byte sizes?
Boys- Byte Kiss- Kilobyte Many- Megabyte Good- Gigabyte Teachers- Terabyte
How is in-memory computing used?
Combines transactional and analytical processing to provide real time insight
What is an all in one computer?
Computer with system unit behind monitor
What is the System Unit of a computer?
Contains the motherboard: circuit board that holds the computers main microprocessor (CPU)
What is a blockchain?
Digital public ledger- where crypto currency transactions are recorded eliminating the need for intermediary/banks
The ________ is a separate processor (computer) on your computer that enhances your video.
GPU
The ___ computer creates images on your computer
GPU (general processing unit)
What is clock speed?
It is how many machine cycles can be completed per second (Hertz)
What are Lidar Sensors?
Light detection and ranging sensors used for self driving vehicles
What does MIDI stand for?
Musical Instrument Digital Interface
What are Boot instructions/firmware?
ROM- tells computer how to start up
ROM vs RAM
ROM: Read only memory, contains boot instructions and cannot be changed RAM: Random access memory, stores all information until recorded permanently.
What is a Core of a processor?
The units needed for processing (1 core= 1 ALU + 1 CU)
What is in-memory computing
Uses computer's main memory (RAM) for data storage. -allows shorter processing time but requires optimized hardware across multiple computers
What is Cache?
Very fast memory in the CPU, small capacity but faster than RAM
What are the three types of wireless connections?
Wi-Fi: wireless local area network Bluetooth: short wavelength radio waves IrDA: Infrared Data association (tv remote)
What is word size?
Word= amount of data a processor (CPU) can process in one machine cycle. 1 Word= 32-64 bits
What is color depth?
data amount defining color in a pixel
Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.
electronic (solid state)
What is the Machine Cycle?
fetch- get data from RAM decode- put into computer language execute- do what instructions say store- store result in RAM
What is resolution?
granularity of an image measured in pixels
