HDFS 3440 Quizzes Ch. 1-9

In the United States, interracial marriage was illegal in some states until

1967

The correct labels for the lettered structures below are

1: shaft; 2: urethra; 3: vagina; 4: crura

Excluding other influences, which child would likely display the most masculine behavior?

A boy with an older brother

Which choice of sexual partner would be most surprising?

A man chooses a wealthy but unattractive woman for a casual sexual encounter.

Which person would be considered demisexual?

A woman who experiences sexual attraction only within an established romantic relationship.

Which statement illustrates the concept of a sexual double standard?

A woman with many partners is considered a slut; a man with many partners is considered a stud.

Which of the following survey methods for a study of human sexual behavior is likely to yield the most accurate results?

An online survey taken anonymously on a lab computer with no researchers present

The hormone GnRH controls male hormone levels by acting on which structure?

Anterior pituitary

Which statement is most accurate according to research exploring the relationship between media violence and sexual violence in men?

Average men who view sexual violence become more accepting of sexual violence.

Many psychology studies use college introductory psychology students as participants. What is the primary risk in using this population for sexuality research?

College students are unlikely to be representative of the general population.

Suppose that, during emission, all reservoirs except the seminal vesicles release their fluids. How would this failure of the seminal vesicles be likely to affect ejaculation?

Ejaculation would occur, but much less semen would be released.

If a man's corpora cavernosa are unable to fill with blood, which function of the penis will be most affected?

Erection of the penis.

A man is extremely tall and thin. Tests show he also has a very low sperm count. This man most likely suffers from which hormonal condition?

Estrogen insensitivity

If prenatal testosterone exposure leads to male gender development, then girls affected by congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) would be expected to show higher abilities than unaffected girls in all of these behaviors or skills except

Face recognition

Which of the following is true of ovarian structure and function?

Females are born with about a million undeveloped ova in each ovary.

Which statement most accurately compares gender identity and sexual orientation?

Gender identity is whether a person feels like a male or a female; sexual orientation is whether the person is attracted to males or females.

During the development of the male and female external genitalia, which structure must be present before either male or female structures begin to form?

Genital tubercle

Modern approaches to sexual diversity best reflect which researcher's contribution to the field?

Havelock Ellis saw sexual deviations as signs of diversity, not mental illness.

Who would have been most likely to make use of the Kama Sutra?

High-caste Indians

Which of the following best describes the sensitivity of the clitoris?

It contains many nerve endings, so indirect stimulation is frequently the best.

A genetic condition results in the absence of sweat glands. How might this condition affect temperature regulation of the scrotum and testicles?

It would increase the temperature of both structures.

Current theories in neuroscience identify biological causes for sexual orientation. This theory was first advanced in the early 20th century by sex researcher

Magnus Hirschfeld.

Which answer places the phases of the menstrual cycle in the correct order, with the correct approximate durations?

Menstrual (5 days), follicular (9 days), luteal (14 days)

If the PSA enzyme in semen is missing or inactive, which sexual function will the man likely be unable to complete?

Migration of sperm up the female reproductive tract

While shopping you see a display for perfumes and colognes based on sex pheromones. You are interested in enhancing your sex life. Based on what we know from scientific studies, should you make a purchase?

No, the science does not justify the hype.

In the case of David Reimer, the boy who was raised a girl following a circumcision accident, which variable most likely had the greatest influence on his ultimate gender development?

Prenatal testosterone exposure

Preventive medicine experts recommend mammography every two years starting at age 50, but the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends annual mammograms starting at age 40. What best explains the difference in these recommendations?American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends annual mammograms starting at age 40. American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends annual mammograms starting at age 40. However, preventative medicine experts (e.g., United States Preventative Services Taskforce, 2009) recommend mammography every two years starting at age 50. What best explains the difference in these recommendations (i.e., between ACOG and preventative medicine experts)?

Preventive medicine experts give more weight to avoiding the risk of unnecessary medical procedures. Preventive medicine experts' recommendations intend to reduce the risk/expenses of having unnecessary medical procedures (in this case, frequent mammograms).

Which statement most accurately describes cultural regulation of nudity?

Prohibiting public nudity is thought to facilitate cooperation and reduce aggression.

What is an important safety consideration for people who use sex toys?

Sex toys shared across multiple partners can spread sexually transmitted infections.

A family has two children. The parents give the boy gifts of a computer and Lego sets. They give the girl dolls and a dollhouse. This suggests that the parents are attempting to reinforce gender stereotypes using which process?

Socialization

A higher 2D:4D finger ratio (ratio of index to ring finger length) would likely be consistent with a higher incidence of which characteristic in either men or women?

Testosterone levels

What conclusion can be drawn about the effect of pre-birth brain exposure to androgens on the gender characteristics of an adult?

There is a strong influence on some gender characteristics and a weak influence on others.

Which of the following statements about women's breasts is true?

Women may have extra nipples or even extra breasts.

Even though women produce less testosterone than men, this does not mean that they have lower sex drives. This is best explained by which of the following?

Women's body cells are more sensitive to testosterone than men's

A researcher is moving to Africa for six months to study the sexual attitudes and behaviors of a little known tribe of indigenous people. This is an example of

a cultural anthropology study.

A girl appears to be normal but fails to undergo puberty. A doctor suspects the condition AIS, or androgen insensitivity syndrome. Which type of test would be most useful in confirming the presence of this syndrome?

a. Chromosome analysis (RIGHT?) b. A test for estrogen levels c. An external physical exam d. Testing of family members e. A test for adrenal hormone levels (WRONG)

Which problem occurred with the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health survey of adolescents?

a. Survey respondents were confused by the questions b. Repeating the survey led to nearly identical results. (WRONG) c. Some survey respondents gave incorrect or frivolous answers (RIGHT) d. Researchers failed to include both males and females e. Parents were upset with the questions concerning adolescent sexual practices

Ch. 4. Which situation could occur if the opening of the pelvic cavity fails to close completely after the testicles descend?

a. The boy might be unable to urinate. b. A hernia could develop, with a piece of intestine descending into the scrotum. c. There could be fewer testicular injuries because the testicles are always protected. d. There could be fewer testicular injuries because the testicles can ascend when necessary. (WRONG) e. Testosterone levels could be lower than normal because of high testicular temperatures.

Barber (2000) compared sex ratios and teen birthrates in 185 countries and found that teen birth rates were

a. highest in countries with similar numbers of females and males. (WRONG) b. highest in countries with an excess of females. (RIGHT) c. not influenced by sex ratios. d. highest in countries with an excess of males. e. lowest in countries with an excess of women under 20 years of age.

Ch. 5. Rhinoceros horn is widely valued as a male aphrodisiac because (page 140)

a. it actually is an effective aphrodisiac. b. its shape, and the rhinoceros's fierceness, suggest male potency. (RIGHT?) c. in African lore, the rhinoceros engages in coitus with its horn. d. it is proven to be an effective treatment for some STIs. e. phallic symbols like the rhinoceros horn arouse females. (WRONG)

Ch. 4. Which factor appears to be least essential to achieving successful sexual reassignment?

a. young age (WRONG) b. Sexual orientation (TRY THIS ONE) c. A supportive family d. Post-surgical support e. Good psychological health

In a longitudinal study of physical attractiveness and marital satisfaction among heterosexual couples, Meltzer et al. (2014) reported that

attractiveness in wives increases their husbands' satisfaction, but not vice versa.

In general, to appear more attractive, you might consider

being friendly and easy to get along with.

Testosterone secreted from embryonic tissues drives male development, but estrogen secreted from embryonic tissues does not drive female development. This makes sense because

both male and female embryos are exposed to estrogen from the mother.

A primary function of progesterone is

building the endometrial lining and maintaining pregnancy.

During the resolution phase of the sexual response cycle, most people could expect to feel

calmness and relaxation.

In Italy, young males used to have their testicles removed to preserve a childlike singing voice. This practice is called

castration.

How have television and the internet shaped sexuality?

d. Internet access has normalized a wider range of sexual behaviors.

The number of children available for adoption in the United States is

decreasing, because more unmarried mothers are keeping their babies.

Women in southern Africa are often expected by men to participate in _______, which puts them at greater risk for HIV infection.

dry sex

A beautiful young woman dates only older, wealthy men. She does not find them attractive but values the stability a marriage to a wealthy man provides. This best illustrates

economic factors in sexuality.

A 30-year-old woman experiences intense abdominal pain. It is worst during her period but also occurs during ovulation. She has been unable to conceive a child despite several years of trying. The most likely diagnosis is

endometriosis

Vasocongestion is best defined as

engorgement of blood vessels in certain tissues in response to sexual arousal.

A seven year-old girl is showing signs of early puberty. She may have abnormally high levels of

estrogen

A trait considered attractive by many different cultures and groups is generally believed to be influenced largely by

evolution

A change in the penis from erect to flaccid is accompanied by a change from _______ to _______ in the arteries of the penis.

expanded; constricted

The presence of smegma on the male penis usually results from

failure to wash under the foreskin.

The transition from hunter-gatherer societies to city-states changed sexuality by

formalizing marriage and discouraging nonmarital sex.

A man who chooses a surgical procedure to augment the size of his penis is most likely to do so because

he is dissatisfied with his penis size.

Women's ratings of male attractiveness vary across the menstrual cycle suggests that receptiveness to certain male traits may be influenced by

hormones.

Surgical removal of the uterus is called a(n) __________.

hysterectomy

A man who is insensitive to estrogens would be most likely to suffer from

infertility.

The most serious/invasive form of female genital mutilation/cutting is

infibulation.

Ricky is a middle-aged male who cannot have an erection under any circumstances. This could be caused by

injury to the lower spinal cord.

In fellatio, the person whose penis is being stimulated is called the

insertor

In both women and men, the plateau phase of the sexual response cycle

is likely variable depending on the circumstances.

The figure shows a(n)

masturbatory sleeve which helps men achieve orgasm.

Street drugs and alcohol may remove inhibitions and enhance sexual pleasure. On the negative side, however, they

may impair judgment and lead to unsafe sex or sexual victimization.

Men are more likely than women to feel dissatisfied with sexual experiences that do not include orgasm. One likely reason for this is that

men can feel discomfort or pain if sex ends without ejaculation.

Pawlowski and colleagues explored the question of whether risk-taking when crossing streets reflected sexual displays. The study demonstrated that

men make higher-risk street crossings if women are present.

A 2010 study of messaging habits on the dating website OkCupid verified the idea that

men prefer women who are younger than they are.

A slim woman complains of pain during intercourse when her partner lies on top of her. This may be due to very little fatty tissue of the

mons veneris.

Many fewer girls than boys enter careers in STEM (science, technology, engineering, and math). Researchers have found that girls have low self-esteem concerning their ability to be successful in STEM careers. Parents and teachers reinforce this low self-esteem by encouraging girls less, evaluating them differently than boys, and giving them lower recommendations. Based on studies of gender development, these findings suggest that

more girls would likely enter STEM careers if they received encouragement from parents and teachers.

The three layers of tissue found in the vagina are

mucosa, muscle, elastic

The middle layer of the uterus is the

myometrium.

The strongest social influence on children's gender development appears to be the child's

parents

A man has been diagnosed with a certain type of human papillomavirus and his doctor has recommended a minor surgical procedure to deal with a consequence of the infection. He is most likely suffering from

penile cancer.

Eastwick and Hunt's study (2014) of classmates and how they rated attractiveness of other classmates before and after getting to know them supports the idea that

perceived attractiveness changes as we get to know people.

In a vasectomy, each vas deferens is cut and sealed off. This is an effective form of birth control because it

prevents release of sperm into semen.

Both ejaculatory ducts and the urethra pass through the

prostate glands

The only certain function of the clitoris is to

provide sexual pleasure for the female.

The primary purpose of dildos is to

provide sexual pleasure for their users.

Biologist Alfred Kinsey is best known for

publishing one of the first sex surveys.

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends use of adult circumcision in Africa for

reducing spread of HIV.

A man has infected his sexual partner with a viral disease. This infection most likely occurred because his: A man has infected his sexual partner with a viral disease. This infection most likely occurred because his

semen contained high viral concentrations.

Sperm is manufactured in the ______________ and stored in the _______________.

seminiferous tubules; epididymis

The most comfortable position for coitus during the late stages of pregnancy is

side-by-side with partners facing the same direction (spooning).

Mutual oral sex is sometimes called

soixante-neuf.

A baby who is genetically male is born with female external genitalia and a uterus. It is most likely that this child does not possess

testicles

The best contact for individuals or couples looking for a certified sex therapist would probably be

the American Association of Sexuality Educators, Counselors and Therapists.

Early in development, both the Müllerian and the Wolffian ducts are present in both sexes. In females

the Wolffian ducts degenerate and the Müllerian ducts develop into the female reproductive tract.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the penis?

the epididymis

Komisaruk and Whipple claim that stimulation of the clitoris, the anterior wall of the vagina, and the cervix give rise to different orgasmic sensations. Their research supports

the theory that different pathways to the brain result in different orgasmic sensations.

The vas deferens is

the tube that is severed in a vasectomy.

Which of the following is NOT part of the clitoris?

urethra

The increase in blood flow to the genitals during the excitement phase of sexual arousal is called _______.

vasocongestion

Women typically outperform men in tasks that involve

verbal fluency

Older adults are less likely than young adults to say that they have ever engaged in oral sex because

when they were young oral sex wasn't popular.

In societies that believe in partible paternity,

women often have multiple sex partners.

Men are aroused by erotic images that match their sexual orientation, while most women are aroused by erotic images of either women or men. This suggests that

women's sexual preferences are more flexible.