HDFS Exam #1

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How does the Family Science Field define "family"?

2 or more people living in the same household related by blood, marriage, adoption, or choice

How does the US census bureau define "family"?

2 or more people living in the same household related by blood, marriage, or adoption

What impact did the Great Depression have on marriage and families?

Caused people to delay having children and delay getting married.

Family of orientation

Family we are born into

Roman Empire

Joyless experience but included sex

Golden Age of Greece

Love wasn't associated w/ marriage - arranged marriage

How does pop culture influence our views of marriage & families?

Make parenting and marriage look easy bc their primary goal is to sell & THEN to entertain

Define & List Characteristics of Polygamy

Many spouses

Middle Age & the Renaissance

Romance & mutual respect began -woman gained some stature

Puritans & pilgrims

Romantic & enjoyed sex w/ spouses - woman's status improved again

Victorian Era

Shy, virtuous woman were valued bc of Queen Victoria - Couple togetherness - Sexual attitudes were prim & oppressive

History & characteristics of Native American Families

history: 2 mil. before settlers arrived Characteristics: -practiced monogamy - Small families -Sometimes had arranged marriages - children worked young

Age of Industrialization (19th century)

- Diff. ideas of marriage -Dad works, mom raises children

Females

- Increased risk of liver damage -inability to achieve orgasm

The purpose of the engagement period

- NOT to plan a wedding - To enhance chances of a successful marriage - To define the goal of the relationship - To think about realities of life together

Characteristics of Slave Families

- Strong couples -close families

Outercourse

- oral sex & kissing

What are some of the most common influences on mate selection?

- parents - Emphasis on personal qualities & love - Independence in choice - social rules of endogamy

List the four basic functions of family.

-Relationships -Children -Economic -Education

alcohol- males

-Shrinking of testicles - chromosomal abnormalities in sperm - decreased sperm production

10 Characteristics of strong families

1. Durability 2. Commitment 3. Adaptability 4. Fulfillment of needs 5. Unselfishness 6. Sensitivity 7. Respect 8. Companionship 9. Stresses 10. Spirituality

Types of unmarried singles

1. Voluntarily & temporarily unmarried 2. Voluntarily & permanently unmarried 3. Involuntarily & temporarily unmarried 4. Involuntarily unmarried

Define the term "civil union"

A legally recognized union for same-sex couples & has similar right as marriage does

Autoeroticism

Alone, sexual fantasies -masturbation

20th Century (Early, Mid, Late)

Early- - families were formed on companionship, - woman were educated - Love, sex, & procreation Mid- - romantic attraction lead to choosing a spouse - Marriage and family are central to American Life Late: - Cohabitation increased - Number of children decreased

Family of Cohabitation

Family formed through living or cohabiting w/ another person

Family of Procreation

Family formed through marriage & childbearing

Define & List Characteristics of Polyandry

Having 2 or more husbands

Define & List Characteristics of Polygyny

Having two or more wives

History & characteristics of Colonial Families

History: - Immigrants were men; not families - woman were imported Characteristics: - 6 children on avg. - Romantic love wasn't a factor - wife was property of her husband - Families produced everything they needed

History & characteristics of Mexican Families

History: - U.S. annexed parts of MX - They earned U.S. Citizenship Characteristics - Large Households - Strong Reliance on extended kin

Sternberg's theory of love

Intimacy- Close feelings of bonding Passion- Romance, attraction, & sexuality Commitment- a. Decided to love someone b. Long term

How did World War II influence marriage and families? what impact did this have on the role of women during this time?

Marriage structure shifted. Women and daughters went to work while the men went to war. Also the avg. number of children per household decreased.

Characteristics of a Traditional Family

Mom- childrearing Dad- breadwinner Children

Matriarchal Family

Mom- head of family

Adam & Eve

No choice of mate selection

Describe the two ways in which intimacy is expressed

Openness & Mutual trust

African American Families (Demographic Stats & Characteristics)

Stats: - 13% of the US pop. -less likely to be married Characteristics: - more likely to have children out of wedlock - duel-earner families - Children are highly valued

Hispanic American Families (Demographic Stats & Characteristics)

Stats: - 16% of the pop. - Extended kin relationship Characteristics: - Youngest median age - Considerable diversity - Bilingualism - Median family income

Asian American Families (Demographic Stats & Characteristics)

Stats: - 5.6% of the pop. - Diverse pop. Characteristics: - Higher median incomes - Higher rates of marriage - Higher levels of education - Lower rates of children out of wedlock

What shifts were seen in marriages and families during the 1950's?

The number of divorces increased & woman became more independent of their husbands

What are some of the characteristics of kinship systems across the US and the world? What are the similarities and what are the differences?

US--> Parents, children, grandparents Non-Western--> Extended Kinship is more significant

Penile- vaginal intercourse

coitus

Christianity

loving Jesus in a "self-sacrificing " way carried over into marriage

Pleasuring

non-sexual -Foreplay

Historically how has our society viewed and used marriage?

not always love-based

"failure to thrive"

not being touched @ birth

Define & List Characteristics of Monogamy

one spouse @ a time


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