Health Science

Which statement describes how a molecule of water is formed?

Hydrogen chemically bonds with oxygen.

Hemophilia is a sex-linked disorder in which a person's blood clots very slowly or not at all. Why are males more likely to inherit hemophilia than females?

Males inherit only one X chromosome, which is from the mother.

G1 cyclins activate CdKs, causing the cell to move into

S Phase

DNA is synthesized during which phase of the cell cycle?

S phase

During which phase does DNA replication occur?

S phase

During prophase, which of the following events take place? Check all that apply.

Spindle fibers form. DNA condenses into chromosomes.

What happens after mitosis?

The cell cycle begins again.

G1 cyclins are responsible for

activating CdKs.

In the human body, skin cells

are constantly replacing themselves.

During telophase, each chromatid

becomes a chromosome.

During prophase, the nuclear membrane is

breaking down.

Which of the following are forms of asexual reproduction? Check all that apply.

budding sporulation binary fission

Which statement describes a characteristic that is shared by both genotypes and phenotypes?

can impact an individual's health

Cells that multiply and grow in an unregulated way and sometimes spread to other parts of the body are called

cancer

The process of mitosis plays an important role in which of the following? Check all that apply.

cell replacement cell regeneration cell growth and development

Cytokinesis is different in plant and animal cells because plant cells have which feature that is not found in animal cells?

cell wall

Asexual reproduction is

creating a new life from only one parent

Cell inhibitors cause cyclin to be

degraded.

Understanding why some cells keep dividing uncontrollably might help researchers and medical professionals someday

find a cure for cancer.

An athlete needs a quick energy source before running a race. Which type of food would be most helpful in providing this energy?

foods rich in carbohydrates

What are the three main areas of study within anatomy?

gross anatomy, superficial anatomy, functional anatomy

What can the process of mitosis do? Check all that apply.

help you grow taller and larger cause one amoeba to become two

A child has inherited a dominant trait for straight hair (S) from one parent and a recessive trait for wavy hair from the other parent. Which describes the child's genotype and alleles for hair type?

heterozygous, Ss

The DNA inside a eukaryotic cell is stored

inside the nucleus.

What encompasses the first three phases of the cell cycle?

interphase

In plant cells, the cell plate

is the beginning of a new cell wall

During metaphase, the chromosomes are

lined up at the equator

Cancerous tumors are always

malignant

What are chromatids?

matching halves of a chromosome

Regenerating body parts is possible because of

mitosis

The two main parts of a eukaryotic cell are the

nucleus and cytoplasm.

Earlobe type is an inherited trait and can be described as attached or detached. Earlobe type is a ____________ that is coded by a person's __________.

phenotype, genotype

Which genetic condition is considered a single-gene disorder?

sickle cell anemia

Fungi are able to create reproductive cells that grow into exact copies of the original fungus. What is this process called?

sporulation

What parts of the human anatomy would a heart surgeon need to study to be able to most effectively do his job?

the entire body

Which of the following is the smallest living unit?

tissue

What is the purpose of cytokinesis?

to divide the cytoplasm

What is the purpose of anaphase?

to ensure that each daughter cell gets a complete copy of the parent's DNA

What is the role of CdKs?

to signal the cell to move to the next phase of the cell cycle

Cells that have experienced abnormal growth are called

tumors

The diagram below models the relative sizes of particles found in an atom.

x represents an electron, and y represents a proton and neutron.

What can happen in the absence of cell inhibitors? Check all that apply.

-Cells will keep growing and dividing uncontrollably. -There will be an imbalance between cells and resources. -Serious medical problems can occur.

Which steps are unique to the division of cells in animals? Check all that apply.

A cleavage furrow forms. Centrioles attach to spindle fibers.

The diagram below shows a portion of DNA. The nucleobases adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine are matched together in base pairs, and the order of these base pairs makes a genetic code.

A genetic code determines the physical traits of the body.

Which of the following statements are true about asexual reproduction? Check all that apply.

Asexual reproduction requires only one parent. Budding is an example of asexual reproduction.

Which of the following are types of tumors? Check all that apply.

Benign and Malignant

Regulation of the cell cycle is carried out by which of the following? Check all that apply.

CdKs cyclins

_________ are the mechanism that stops cell growth.

Cell Inhibitors

Which of the following events occurs during metaphase

Chromosomes line up at the equator

Which statement correctly describes the organization of DNA and its related structures?

DNA is contained in chromosomes, and chromosomes are contained in the cell nucleus.

A mutation is any change in the DNA of a gene or another related structure called a chromosome. Some mutations naturally occur during DNA replication as DNA is being copied. Which molecule is responsible for these types of mutations?

DNA polymerase

Rapid cell growth in preparation for cell division occurs during

G2 phase

Mitotic cyclins control the progression of

G2 phase and mitosis

Which of the following occur during mitosis? Check all that apply.

Cell function slows down. The cell divides. Chromosomes divide into two groups.

Which of the following occur during the G1 phase of the cell cycle? Check all that apply.

Cell growth begins. Proteins are synthesized.

The mechanism that stops the growth and division of cells is called

Cell inhibitors

Which of the following statements correctly describe centrioles? Check all that apply.

Centrioles are only found in animal cells. Spindle fibers are connected to centrioles.

What is tightly coiled DNA called?

Chromosomes

Which statement accurately describes the location of the chromosomes during metaphase?

Chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell.

What is the relationship between CdKs and cyclins?

Cyclins activate CdKs during the cell cycle.

What proteins are involved in controlling the progression of the cell cycle? Check all that apply. `

Cyclins and CdKs are proteins that regulate the cell cycle.

Which phases of the cell cycle are included in interphase? Check all that apply.

G1 phase S phase G2 phase

What is the purpose of the spindle fibers?

They move chromosomes around the cell.