Healthy Lifestyles CH 4

Which of the following actions helps maintain a sleep-promoting environment?

Cleanliness: Wash your sheets and other bedding regularly, and get rid of clutter

Which of the following statements regarding stress and hair loss is NOT true?

Stress-induced hair loss occurs when colonies of hair are pushed into an active phase

Using electronic devices before bed may disrupt sleep patterns for all of the following reasons EXCEPT the

beeping sounds they sometimes produce

To replenish vital energy stores, which of the following would be particularly helpful?

getting more sleep and "down time"

Maria has difficulty falling asleep quickly, and many morning she wakes feeling unrefreshed. Maria most likely has

insomnia

Of the following countries, in which do citizens, on average, get the most sleep?

mexico

The condition that causes people to fall asleep involuntarily during the day is

narcolepsy

REM sleep is named for which physiological activity that occurs while dreaming?

rapid eye movements

Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is associated with

reduced exposure to sunlight.

During a sleep study, a person spends the night in a sleep lab, and his or her body functions are monitored by

sensors and electrodes

Insomnia is often characterized by

waking up frequently during the night

When acute stress bombards your brain with stress chemicals,

your memory may be impaired

Students who begin to doze off during a lecture are usually in which stage of sleep?

1

Loneliness is

a risk factor for depression and substance abuse.

What percentage of the world's population lacks adequate sleep?

about 45%

An appraisal of the relationship between an object, action, or idea and some attribute related to it is a(n)

belief

André has a job in international affairs that requires him to travel frequently across multiple time zones. André is at increased risk for

circadian rhythm disorder.

Sleep disorders can be diagnosed through a(n)

clinical sleep study

Which of the following is a major contributor to college students' lack of sleep?

electronic devices

After weeks of arguments, Riley and Schaeffer break up. They both spend most of the following weekend sleeping, eating, and watching TV. Which stage of the general adaptation syndrome are they now in?

exhaustion

Howard is 88 years old and in excellent health. All his life, he has thrived on just 5 hours of sleep a night. The most likely explanation for Howard's good health despite his lifelong short sleep habit is that he

has a genetic variant affecting his circadian rhythm

After breaking up with his girlfriend, Lucas has been unable to move on. He is afraid of rejection and doesn't think that women find him attractive. He is probably suffering from

low self esteem

Light traveling through the retina of the eye is a key factor in the regulation of

melatonin

All of the following medications can cause drowsiness EXCEPT

stimulants

Which of the following BEST describes a Type C personality?

stoic

Which of the following is an essential prerequisite for changing a behavior?

wanting to change

During which stage of sleep does a person disengage from the environment?

2

Vijay often tosses and turns, unable to sleep for an hour or more after he goes to bed. Which of the following will help change this pattern and allow him to fall asleep faster?

getting up after 20 minutes and doing something relaxing until he feels sleepy

In preparation for his exam, Juan plans to stay up all night studying. According to research, this strategy will likely result in

reduced cognitive ability

Having unprotected sex is considered a

risk behavior

The body's attempt to restore homeostasis in the aftermath of a stress response is a(n) ________ response.

adaptive

Catrina just missed hitting a deer as she was driving along a dark, curving road. She felt her racing heart finally slow down after she pulled off the road and took a few deep breaths. This is an example of a(n)

adaptive response

Hearing a piercing scream late at night while walking on a campus path would likely trigger which phase of the general adaptation syndrome?

alarm

Suicide prevention techniques include

asking directly if the person intends to hurt him- or herself.

Obstructive sleep apnea increases a person's risk for all of the following EXCEPT

asthma

Tessa is dreading her chemistry final. When she finds herself thinking that she's going to fail the exam, she tells herself, "No, I might not ace it, but I've been studying and I'm definitely going to pass." Tessa is engaging in a process referred to as

cognitive restructuring

Adequate sleep may enhance intellectual health in all the following ways EXCEPT by

expanding energy

To manage stress, the first step is to

identify and assess the stressors in your life

A mentally healthy student who gets a bad grade on an exam would respond by

learning from the situation and improving study habits

The hormone released by the pineal gland that causes drowsiness is

melatonin

Observing a friend's successful attempt to quit smoking and trying some of the same tactics to quit yourself is an example of

modeling

A dysfunctional family is defined as a family in which

there is violence; physical, emotional, or sexual abuse; significant discord; or other negative family interactions

Which of the following groups of Americans is most likely to unintentionally fall asleep during the day?

those between the ages of 18 and 25