Hematology final IRSC

life span of a neutrophil is about this long?

10 Hours

Normal Value RDW

11.5-14.5%

Normal Value Platelets

150,000 - 400,000/µl

When testing new lot controls it must be run this many days before its mean and standard deviation are established

20 Different Days

Normal Value MCH

27-29

Normal Value MCHC

32-36%

Normal Value WBC

5,000 - 10,000/µl

Normal value MCV

80-100 FI

ratio of blood to anticoagulant

9 to 1

In storage pool diseases, platelets are primarily deficient in this?

ADW

MOST COMMON LABORATORY TEST TO MONITOR HEPARIN THERAPY

APTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time)

The principle energy source for erythocytes generated by anaerobic glycolysis.

ATP

Peritoneal lavage is performed to detect ?

Abdominal Bleeding

The patient has abrupt onset of symptoms, a low white count, low platelet count, anemia, and 60% blasts suggests?

Acute Leukemia

Disease that is most closely associated with mucopolysaccharidosis

Alder Reilly Anomaly

A test used in order to detect neural tube defects

Alpha Fetoprotein

it is a manifestation of an underlying disease

Anemia

Insect vector for malaria is?

Anopheles Mosquito

A lymph B-cell produces?

Antibody

An increase of polymorphonucler cells may indicate this type of infection?

Bacteria

colorless cytoplasm with large purplish-black granules, least often seen wbc seen on a normal blood smear. Involves in immediate hypersensitivity reactions.

Basophil

Multiple dark blue particiles of varying size scattered throughout the cytoplasm of erythrocytes is called?

Basophilic-Stippling

PROLONGED BLEEDING TIME , thrombocytopenia and GIANT PLATELTS BEST DESCRIBE THIS SYNDROME, defect of platelet adhesion.

Bernard Soulier Syndrome

Smudge cells are frequently evident in? Most common type of leukemia.

CLL (Chronic lymphocytic leukemia)

associated with the Philadelphia chromosome, reciprocal translocation of material between 9 and 22 chromosome, present in 90% of patients with this leukemia

CML (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia)

Required in the extrinsic,intrinsic, and common pathways

Calcium

Dilution is an indication of?

Concentration

Chemicals such as sodium hydroxide and sulfuric acid should be labeled?

Corrosive

The WBC, RBC, and Platelet count of a patient with pernicious anemia is usually?

Decreased

Most diagnostic information obtained from a CBC is the?

Differential Smear

On a Wright-stained blood smear small pale blue inclusions are noted in neutrophils, these inclusions are?Inclusion seen in leukocytes

Dohle Bodies

An anticoagulant that acts by removal of Ca by chelation

EDTA

A non-specific screening test for inflammation.

ESR

Colorless cytoplasma with large red refractile granules. This wbc is increased in parasitic infections

Eosinophil

parasitic infections and allergies often cause?

Eosinophilia

Result from inflammation of the serous membrane and directly affect the serous membranes

Exudate Fluids

Type of AML that is associated with DIC. t(15q+;17q-)

FAB M3

THE FACTOR DEFICIENCY THAT PROTHROMBIN TIME IS MOST SENSITIVE TO IS WHICH FACTOR? If a patient has a prolonged PT, most likely the patient is deficient in this factor

Factor VII

Storage form of iron and best overall picture of a patient's iron stores. Major iron storage

Ferritin

Most common vitamin deficiency in the United States

Folic Acid

Wrinkled cytoplasm due to an accumulation of glucocerebroside

Gauchers Cell

PATIENTS WITH BERNARD-SOULIER SYNDROME HAVE?

Giant Platelets

Should be 60-70% of the normal blood level

Glucose in spinal fluid

positive acid phosphatase stain, has hairlike projections,in contrast with other leukemias presents with pancytopenia, HCL, a chronic leukemia of leukemia of lymphocytic origin

Hairy Cell Leukemia

The ratio of red blood cell volume, expressed as a percentage (vol%) is termed? It is also a measure of packed red cell volume.

Hematocrit (Hct)

Largest quantity of normal body iron is found in, 70% of body iron is found in the form of?

Hemoglobin

Most likely cause of an elevated potassium level in a normal individual

Hemolysis

Antithrombin III is enhanced by this?

Heparin

Can also be called a PMN, segmented neutrophil or polymorphonuclear neutrophil.

Heterophil

Seen in viral infection

High percent of mononuclear cells

An RBC inclusion

Howell Jolly Body

five or more nuclear segments

Hypersegmentation

Variation in RBC color

Hypochromia

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase is an enzyme that is present in?

Immature Lymphocytes

CSF specimens should be delivered to the lab?

Immediately

Heparin acts by?

Inhibiting Thrombin

Protein responsible for vitamin B12 absorption into the blood stream

Intrinsic Factor

Chronic blood loss can lead to?

Iron Defiency

Smaller blasts, homogeneous chromatin suggest this FAB classification of ALL?

L1

ELEVATED WBC WITH A LEFT SHIFT, TOXIC GRANULATION, VACUOLES, DOHLE BODIES AND AN INCREASED LAP IS A?

Leukemoid Reaction

needed for defense against foreign antigens

Leukocytes

WBC count high as in bacteria infection or leukemia

Leukocytosis

Decreased white blood count, as in a patient receiving chemotherapy.

Leukopenia

MOST If not all of the coagulant factors are produced in the?

Liver

The cytochemical stain, peroxidase, is negative for?

Lymphocytes

In the adult, lymphocytes are principally produced in the?

Lymphoid Tissue

10 TO 1 or higher, hallmark of CML

M/E Ratio of CML (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia)

Hbg/RBC * 100=

MCH

Hgb/Hct * 100=

MCHC

Hct/RBC * 100=

MCV

RBC index that is used to describe average RBC size is the ?

MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)

An example of alteration in RBC size

Macrocytic

The immediate precursor of the band polymorphonuclear neutrophil is the?

Metamyelocyte

Reagent which is the fixative incorporated in the Wright's Stain.

Methanol

Beginning of neutrophilic differentiation begins at this stage. Also the most mature cell that can undergo mitosis.

Myelocyte

RNA remnants in red blood cells are visualized by this supravital stain.

New methalyne-blue

Rules out acute leukemia

Normal Platelet Count

Diluting fluid of choice for a synovial fluid cell count

Normal Saline

Proteins, such as antibody and complement, that aid phagocytosis of microorganisms are called?

Opsonins

Refers to the platelet parameter of variation in cell size

PDW (Platelet Distribution Width)

TEST USED TO MONITOR ORAL ANTICOAGULANT (COUMADIN, WARFARIN) THERAPY

PT (prothrombin time)

A few dark staining granular inclusions located near the periphery of an erythrocyte are most likely?

Pappenheimer-Bodies

Fluid surrounding the heart

Pericardial Fluid

Fluid collected by paracentesis is called?

Peritoneal

the presence of these cells circulating in the blood is a late finding in advanced multiple myeloma

Plasma cells

AIDS WALDENSTROM'S MARCOGLOBULINEMIA PATIENT IN THE TREATMENT OF DISEASE BY REMOVING IgM FROM CIRCULATION

Plasmapheresis

Requires the presence of von Willebrand factor to work

Platelet Adhesion

Fluid surrounding the lungs

Pleural Fluid

IS NOT PROLONGED IN G6PD DEFICIENCY, also dependent on vitamin K synthesis

Prothrombin Time

A stain used for iron

Prussian Blue

Variation in RBC size is expressed by the?

RDW (Red Cell Distribution Width)

results may be either above or below the mean

Random Error

The number contained in the yellow section of the diamond label represents this hazard?

Reactivity

A large cell, prone to developing multiple and bizarre nuclei characteristics diagnostic for Hodgkin's disease

Reed Sternberg cell

This test best determines the adequacy of production of RBCs in the bone marrow, also when polychromasia is increased this count should also be elevated.

Reticulocyte Count

A miller disk is an ocular device used to facilitate the counting of? Also contains RNA and is usually identified by staining with brilliant cresyl blue or new methylene blue.

Reticulocytes

Asssociated with erythroleukemia

Ringed Sideroblasts

MULTIPLE MYELOMA WOULD SHOW THIS WITH THE RBC'S

Rouleaux

A good way to monitor precision is by doing this?

Run duplicate assays

An example of alteration in RBC shape

Schistocyte

A red blood cell that has lived it's life span.

Senescent

Fluid contained in pericardial, peritoneal, and pleural cavities

Serous Fluid

liquid portion of a clotted specimen

Serum

An increase in immature cell types such as metamyelocytes, myelocytes, and promyelocytes can be referred to as? Refers to immature granulocytes. Most likely occurs in bacterial infections.

Shift to the left

The anticoagulant of choice for routine coagulation procedures

Sodium Citrate

This organ acts as a site for the removal of imperfect and aging cells.

Spleen

Used to stain neutral fats, phospholipids, and sterols. Stains lipid and correlates with the peroxidase stain

Sudan Black B

Stain used to view polychromatic red cells as reticulocytes.

Supravital Stain

disease results from decreased globin synthesis is called?

Thalassemia

Low platelet count as in chemo or acute leukemia.

Thrombocytopenia

When the expected platelet count falls well below the normal range, less than 100K

Thrombocytopenia

High platelet count as in TB or CGL

Thrombocytosis

test that distinguishes iron deficiency anemia from anemia of chronic infection

Total iron binding capacity

Plasma protein that transports iron

Transferrin

Yellow discoloration of spinal fluid is referred to as:

Xanthochromia

refers to a disorder in which there is increased destruction of RBCs

hemolytic disorder

Correct WBC Count

wbc count * 100/100+#nRBCs