Hesi questions

Identify the role of plasma cells in the antigen-antibody response.

Produces antibodies against the sensitizing antigen

Which action would the nurse take when an unlicensed assistive personnel reports a 19-year-old male adolescent with antisocial personality disorder is in bed with a female 14-year-old adolescent client on the unit?

Follow mandatory reporting guidelines related to child abuse.

Which points noted by the nursing student are accurate regarding the characteristics of middle-range theories? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Middle-range theories include Mishel's theory of uncertainty in illness, which focuses on a client's experiences with cancer while living with continual uncertainty. These theories tend to focus on a specific field of nursing (such as uncertainty, incontinence, social support, quality of life, and caring) rather than reflect on a wide variety of nursing care situations. Middle-range theories provide a basis to help nurses understand how clients cope with uncertainty and the illness response.

Which is the priority assessment for the client who has Guillain-Barré syndrome with rapidly ascending paralysis?

Monitoring respiratory status

Which organism is a common opportunistic infection in a client infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)?

Oropharyngeal candidiasis

A client has a prescription for a sublingual nitroglycerin tablet. Which technique will the nurse teach the client to use?

Place the pill under the tongue and let it dissolve

The nurse understands which interventions are needed to prevent accidental poisoning of children? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Potent poisons should be kept out of reach of children. Containers of the poisonous substances should be tightly closed Old, unused, and unnecessary medications should be safely disposed.

Which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development would the nurse observe in a preschooler?

Preoperational

While caring for a client with advanced muscular dystrophy who suffered respiratory distress, the nurse frequently repositions the client to prevent which complication?

Pressure injuries

Which goal is the nurse trying to achieve when placing a client with severe burns on a circulating air bed?

Preventing pressure on peripheral blood vessels

Which part of the electrocardiogram (ECG) represents depolarization of the ventricles?

QRS interval

A client arrives in the emergency department with multiple crushing wounds of the chest, abdomen, and legs. What are the priority nursing assessments?

Quality of respirations and presence of pulses

Which antidepressant medication is a selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor?

Selegiline

Which organism would the nurse explain was responsible for a client's recent diagnosis of malaria?

Sporozoa

In what order does normal cardiac conduction occur through the heart?

1.Sinoatrial node 2.Atrioventricular (AV) node 3.Bundle of His 4.Bundle branches 5.Purkinje fibers

Metformin 2 g by mouth is prescribed for a client with type 2 diabetes. Each tablet contains 500 mg. How many tablets will the nurse administer? Record your answer using a whole number.

2g * 1000mg / 1g = 2000mg

The nurse is assessing the needs of a client who just learned that a tumor is malignant and has metastasized to several organs and that the illness is terminal. Which behavior would the nurse expect the client to exhibit during the initial stage of grieving?

Asking for a second opinion

Which process would the IgD immunoglobulin found in human cord blood support?

Differentiation of B-lymphocytes

Which disaster event involves an internal disaster compounded with an external disaster?

EF-5 tornado in Joplin, MO, also hitting St. John's Regional Medical Center

Which education would the nurse provide the parents of a 4-year-old child with a new colostomy?

Encouraging physical activity

Which are extrinsic factors responsible for falls in older adults? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Environmental hazards Inappropriate footwear Improper use of assistive devices

When assessing a client's abdomen, the nurse palpates directly above the umbilicus. This location is known as which area?

Epigastric area

A client with Hodgkin's disease adds doxorubicin to current therapy. Which advice will the nurse provide about this medication?

Expect urine to turn red for a few days after taking this medication.

A 12-year-old child with cystic fibrosis is prescribed four pancrelipase capsules five times a day. The nurse explains to the child they would take the medication with meals and snacks to accomplish which goal?

Facilitate nutrient utilization

Which cytokine increases growth and maturation of myeloid stem cells?

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

Which manifestation indicates tertiary syphilis?

Gummas

Which type of hepatitis virus spreads through contaminated food and water?

Hepatitis A virus

Which mediator of injury is involved in the client with pruritic lesions from an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity reaction?

Histamine

Which age-related effects on the immune system occur in the older client?

Increased autoantibodies

Which mechanism of action applies to penicillin?

Inhibits cell wall synthesis of the pathogen

Which action would the nurse take to minimize agitation in a disturbed client?

Limit unnecessary interactions with the client

A health care provider prescribes furosemide for a client with hypervolemia. The nurse recalls that furosemide exerts its effects in which part of the renal system?

Loop of henle

Which key factor would the nurse consider when assessing how a client will cope with body image changes?

Perception of the change

A client who had a myocardial infarction receives 15 mg of morphine sulfate for chest pain. Fifteen minutes after receiving the medication, the client complains of feeling dizzy. Which action will the nurse take?

Place the client in the supine position and take the vital signs.

Which key feature is associated with a stage 2 pressure ulcer?

Presence of nonintact skin

When providing postoperative teaching, which rationale would the nurse give to explain the purpose of administering an opioid analgesic via epidural catheter?

Relieves abdominal pain

Offspring of men of advanced paternal age are at an increased risk for which condition?

Schizophrenia

Which instructions would the nurse include in parent teaching for their 6-year-old child with autism spectrum disorder who exhibits frequent spinning and hand-flapping behaviors?

Use another activity to distract the child.

Which changes to the client's skin are caused by the atrophy of eccrine sweat glands?

dry skin

Which organism infestation is diagnosed with the help of the mineral oil test?

mites

Which autoimmune disease affects the central nervous system?

Multiple sclerosis

Which sexually transmitted infection (STI) is caused by Treponema pallidum?

Syphilis

A client had an annual tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD) test, and the area of induration was 10 mm within 48 hours after planting. Which conclusion would the nurse make about the client's response to this diagnostic?

The client has been exposed to the tubercle bacillus

During a health symposium the nurse teaches the group how to prevent food poisoning. Which statement by one of the participants indicates the teaching is understood?

"Meats and cream-based foods need to be refrigerated."

A 3-year-old boy has X-linked Duchenne muscular dystrophy, but neither of his parents has muscular dystrophy. Which statement indicates that the parents understand how the disorder is transmitted?

"Our daughters may be carriers of the disease."

After teaching a post-radiation therapy client regarding proper skin care to the treatment area, which client statements indicate understanding? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

"I will wear loose-fitting clothing over the area." "I will avoid using adhesive bandages." "I will avoid exposing the area to cold temperatures.

Which finding for an 85-year-old client would be of most concern to the nurse?

Irregularly irregular pulse

Which statements best describe a health policy? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

It involves goal-directed decision-making. It involves decision-making on current political issues. It includes actions, nonactions, decisions, and guidance

Which medication would the nurse recognize as an effective mood-stabilizing medication used in clients with bipolar disorder and in the acute treatment of mania and prevention of recurrent mania and depressive episodes?

Lithium carbonate

When auscultating a client's chest, the nurse hears swishing sounds of normal breathing. How would the nurse document this finding?

Vesicular breath sounds

The health care provider prescribes haloperidol 0.5 mg intramuscularly (IM). The haloperidol is available in a vial that contains 2 mg/mL. How much solution will the nurse administer? Record your answer using two decimal places. Include a leading zero if applicable. ___ mL

0.25 ML

The health care provider prescribes 1000 mL of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to be administered in 12 hours. Based on this prescription, how many milliliters of solution will be administered per hour?

83ml/hr

Which medication is indicated for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Clomipramine

Which physiological alteration would be expected with a higher-than-normal red blood cell (RBC) count?

Increased blood viscosity

While in the postanesthesia care unit, a client reports shortness of breath and chest pain. Which is the most appropriate initial response by the nurse?

Initiate oxygen via a nasal cannula

Which stage of Kohlberg's theory of moral development is associated with a person following a law even if it is discriminatory to a racial group?

Social contract orientation

How would the nurse plan to position a client with a diagnosis of emphysema who is experiencing dyspnea?

orthopeneic

The superior oblique muscle controls which eye movement?

pulls the eye downward

A woman with bipolar disorder, manic episode, spent thousands of dollars on clothing and makeup; then she started going to bars every night and rarely sleeps or eats. Which concept is the priority in planning care for this client?

safety

Which information would the nurse consider when planning care for a client with scabies?

scabies is highly contagious

Which instructions by the nurse will be beneficial to the client prescribed pyrazinamide for tuberculosis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

"Avoid drinking alcoholic beverages while taking this medication." "Drink at least 8 ounces of water with each dose of the medication.

A postpartum client expresses concern that her problems associated with endometriosis will return now that her pregnancy is over. Which is an appropriate response by the nurse?

"Breast-feeding will delay the return of the endometriosis."

Immediately after a bilateral adrenalectomy, a client is receiving corticosteroids that are to be continued after discharge from the hospital. Which statement by the client indicates to the nurse that additional education is needed?

"I am glad that I only have to take the medication once a day."

A client with cancer experiences severe nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy. The client wants to know if it is true that smoking marijuana will help. How will the nurse respond?

"There are some tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)-based medications that contain marijuana control chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in some people."

Which statement indicates the function of natural killer cells within the immune system?

Attack nonselectively on nonself cells, especially mutated and malignant cells

Which reported clinical manifestations would the nurse expect from a client with ulcerative colitis? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Fever Diarrhea Abdominal Pain

A client is being admitted to a medical unit with a diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Which type of room would the nurse assign this client?

Negative-airflow room

Which nursing intervention prevents footdrop in a client with osteomyelitis?

Neutral positioning of the foot with the use of a splint

Who is the appropriate authority to provide consent for an unemancipated pediatric client about to undergo a medical procedure?

either of the child parents

Which assessment is necessary for the nurse to complete in a client with chronic kidney disease receiving loop diuretics?

intake and outtake measurements

The nurse is eliciting a health history from a client with ulcerative colitis. Which factor would the nurse consider to be most likely associated with the client's colitis?

Genetic predisposition

Which developmental vulnerability would the nurse expect when caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old?

Intrusive procedures

Which description is associated with fissures?

Linear cracks in the epidermis that extend into the dermis

Which activity performed by the registered nurse (RN) indicates effective delegation?

Supervising and monitoring the licensed practical nurse (LPN) about the different activities

Which parameter describes the maximum volume of air a client's lungs may contain?

Total lung capacity

Which intervention reflects the nurse's approach of "family as a context"?

Trying to meet the client's comfort

A client presents with hemoptysis. The nurse recalls that the clinical manifestation is associated with which disease?

Tuberculosis

Which result after 20 minutes of a nonstress test is suggestive of fetal reactivity?

Two accelerations of 15 beats/min lasting 15 seconds

Which organs can be affected by Candida albicans? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.

Vagina Mouth Intestines