High school Health Unit 2- Physical Health

A Calorie is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of

1 kg of water 1 degree Celsius

There are _____ minerals used by the human body to maintain health.

13

Maintaining a healthy body depends on:

Both vitamins and minerals

_________ carbohydrates require a prolonged process of digestion in order to be broken down into glucose and help maintain proper blood sugar levels.

Complex

Nutrients are chemical substances that are absorbed by the body through the process of photosynthesis

False

What is the basic difference between fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?

Fat-soluble vitamins need fat to be absorbed into the blood. They are stored in fat tissue, they do not need to be ingested daily. Water-soluble vitamins are stored for a short period of time, must be ingested daily

Unused glucose that is converted to _________ is stored in the liver.

Glycogen

Macronutrients are needed by the body in _______ amounts in order to maintain good health.

Large

According to the text, the scientific definition of nutrition is: "the proper supply of nutrients essential for: __________"

Repair Growth Immunity Energy Reproduction

_________ fats are found in animal products and some vegetables.

Saturated

_______ carbohydrates do not take long to digest and cause blood sugar levels to rise quickly.

Simple

Trace elements are needed by the body in _______ amounts.

Small

Enzymes' role in digestion is to speed up the breakdown of nutrients.

True

Explain why vitamins are essential to good health.

Vitamins are necessary for converting carbohydrates and fats into energy. The body can't repair and construct new cells without vitamins. Can't think or breath properly without vitamins

When a cell is damaged by infection or disease, __________ are used like building materials to repair cell structures.

amino acids and fats

What is the body's primary energy source?

carbohydrates

Metabolism

cell converts nutrients into energy or materials for growth, repair, reproduction, and maintenance

Nutrients

chemical substances that are absorbed by the body through the process of digestion

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are dependent upon ___________ for their absorption by cells.

fat

Complete Protein

food source that contains all the essential amino acids

Incomplete protein

food sources that do not contain all the essential amino acids

Enzyme

molecule responsible for facilitating biochemical reactions within the body

essential amino acids

proteins that cannot be manufactured by the body and must be derived from food sources

Catabolism

the conversion of nutrients into energy

Protein

the nutrient that is essential to cellular construction, reproduction, and maintenance

Anabolism

the process by which the cell uses nutrients to repair or build new tissues

Nutrition

the proper supply of nutrients essential for growth, reproduction, repair, immunity, and energy