HIS2223 Midterm

Political bosses cheated at the voting polls by

"the Tasmanian Dodge"

Employers always held the advantage over labor in the new industrial system. Which of the tactics below was NOT used by employers to control labor?

Employers hired labor organizers to help them find common ground with laborers.

True or False? After Radical Republicans passed the First Reconstruction Act in March of 1867, President Johnson realizing that he was defeated, signed the bill into law and submitted to the will of Congress.

False

True or False? As First Lady, Eleanor Roosevelt filled her calendar with extraneous events such as ribbon cuttings and ladies' socials. She did not involve herself in the President's work and did little to spur him toward social reform.

False

True or False? Henry Ford revolutionized production by consumers the choice to customize vehicles. He offered the Model T in a rainbow of colors, with motors from 20 HP to 100 HP.

False

True or False? It was pretty easy for tenant farmers and sharecroppers to get ahead if they worked hard and used the crop-lien system of credit to purchase seed and equipment.

False

True or False? Political machines were only affiliated with the Democratic Party, and they were limited only to urban areas.

False

True or False? The Communist Labor Party had great success in the US. In 1919, it boasted over 1 million members.

False

True or False? Thomas Edison was a self-made man who exemplifies the American Dream. He worked alone in his home with no assistance from others.

False

True or False? Wilson created the National War Labor Board, which helped to hold wages constant, reduce overtime pay, and prohibited union organization.

False

Which below is not a legacy of the New Deal?

Government assumed a narrower role in the economy.

Which most closely describes horizontal integration?

I own a hamburger restaurant. I am tired of paying other businesses to raise the beef, slaughter the beef, pack the beef, and ship the beef to me. So I buy a farm, raise my own cattle. Then I buy a meat packing facility to butcher and pack my meat. Finally, I buy a transport company to ship my beef to me. Now I don't have to pay the inflated prices that a bunch of different businesses want to charge me. This maximizes my profit.

Which most closely describes vertical integration?

I own a hamburger restaurant. I have a lot of competition from other burger restaurants in town. So I buy them all and now I can price my burgers however I want, because I have a monopoly on burger restaurants in town.

Women in war work helped energize women's causes and organizations. As a result, the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified in 1920. What did it do?

It gave women the right to vote.

What was the most important provision of the Fourteenth Amendment? A.) It guaranteed freedom of the press. B.) It gave African Americans the right to vote. C.) It made African Americans citizens. D.) It prohibited the manufacture or sale of alcoholic beverages. E.) It funded public education in the Confederate South.

It made African Americans citizens.

Which is NOT true about westward migration?

It stabilized the frontier and benefited American Indians.

What is most significant about the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act?

It was the first time that Congress used race as an excuse to exclude people from entry into the United States.

Joseph Davis, brother of Confederate president Jefferson Davis, sold his plantations Hurricane and Brierfield in 1866. Why was this sale significant? A.) Joseph Davis sold his property to a group of Northern "carpetbaggers." B.) Joseph Davis sold his plantations to a black man and his sons. C.) The Confederate Bank held a lien on Joseph Davis' property, so he sold it without actually having ownership. D.) Joseph Davis cut his own children out of his will and sold his property to Irish immigrants for $1. E.) Joseph Davis sold his plantations to a white woman, and women could not legally own property.

Joseph Davis sold his plantations to a black man and his sons.

Your instructor once worked as a schematic designer for the corporation founded by George Eastman. What industry did Eastman found?

Kodak

Noticing that too many poor women were overburdened with children, pregnant year after year and sometimes dying from self-induced abortions, this woman founded the first family planning and birth control clinic in the country.

Margaret Sanger

Race riots erupted in what two southern cities, resulting in almost 100 deaths? A.) Selma and Nashville B.) Atlanta and Birmingham C.) Jackson and Mobile D.) Memphis and New Orleans E.) Savannah and Pensacola

Memphis and New Orleans

Repatriation had a dramatic effect on this minority:

Mexicans

Which is NOT an example of welfare capitalism?

Paid childcare for employees' children

The opening of this signified that the new American empire now spanned the globe.

Panama Canal

A vibrant urban culture consisted of all EXCEPT:

Public Schools focused on creative thinking instead of the "fundamentals" like math and science. Public school teachers fostered individual growth and free thought instead of conformity and values.

The Election of 1866 is significant because? A.)Radical Republicans won more than a 2/3 majority in both houses of Congress, a sound repudiation of Johnson by voters. B.) Moderate Republicans were elected by a 3/5 majority to both houses of Congress, and these new representatives sought to accommodate Johnson's coddling of the South. C.) A sudden resurgence of Whig power happened, as the nation unified to elect a majority Whig Congress. D.) Southern Democrats were elected in great numbers, showing that the nation fully supported Johnson's lenient plan to reconstruct the South. E.) White Dixiecrats and black Democrats fought for seats in the House, with Congress refusing to seat representatives from either group.

Radical Republicans won more than a 2/3 majority in both houses of Congress, a sound repudiation of Johnson by voters.

Several events transpired to cause Wilson to abandon neutrality and "peace without victory" and to enter the war. Which below is NOT one of those events?

Sinking of the Titanic

This monumental New Deal legislation promised that Americans would have a safety net "from cradle to grave."

Social Security Act

Which was a provision of the Treaty of Paris that ended the Spanish American War?

Spain ceded Guam and Puerto Rico to the US.

General John "Black Jack" Pershing earned his nickname from commanding an all-black unit in this war:

Spanish-American War

The textbook editor asserts that this piece of legislation "was more destructive than any blow struck by the [US] army," because it undermined the communal structure at the center of Indian life.

The Dawes Act

Chicago, and other great cities, shaped the natural environment hundreds of miles beyond its city limits. Which is an example of Chicago's ecological impact far beyond its border?

The urban explosion in Chicago meant that there were many mouths to feed, so wheat replaced native grasses on the prairies.

Which president advocated conservation of natural resources and greatly expanded the national park system?

Theodore Roosevelt

One of the byproducts of industrialization was pollution. Engineers tried to cleanse the polluted Chicago River by reversing its flow. What was the outcome of this?

They succeeded in shifting pollution to rivers downstate.

This event shocked the nation and underscored a growing crisis in industrial work conditions and the necessity for reform.

Triangle Shirtwaist Fire

True or False? All Southerners suffered under the rule of racial segregation, whether they realized it or not.

True

True or False? In the United States, more people died from the influenza pandemic than American battle deaths in World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War combined.

True

True or False? Most progressives paid little attention to the suffering of African Americans.

True

True or False? Progressivism was overwhelmingly white, Protestant, paternalistic, professional, and middle-class, led by educators, social scientists, and lawyers.

True

True or False? The Freedmen's Bureau provided food, medical care, and clothing to war refugees, including white southerners.

True

True or False? The election of 1936 gave Democrats the majority in Washington for the next 30 years, thanks to the Roosevelt Coalition.

True

True or False? Vastly more American troops succumbed to disease, mismanagement, and accidents than to battle. They were poorly clothed and fed, and found themselves fighting with Civil War weapons.

True

True or False? With growing hostility of business toward him, Roosevelt turned against the wealthy and powerful by passing the Revenue Act, Banking Act, and Public Holding Utilities Act in 1935.

True

The deadliest slum disease was

Tuberculosis

"New Era" modernity was enjoyed by most people, but resistance emerged from various groups. Which below is NOT one of those resistance groups?

Unionists

Which provision of the Treaty of Versailles contained the seeds of resentment that would grow into the second world war?

War Guilt Clause

After eight years of "new era" Democratic rule, this Republican was elected to lead the country with his backlash policy of "normalcy."

Warren Harding

States in this region were the first to grant women the right to vote.

West

By 1939, on the eve of _________________________________________, the Soviet Union, Germany, and Italy were firmly under the control of dictators bent on expanding both their power and their nations' territory.

World War II

This is the form of newspaper reporting that stressed shock and excitement over even-handedness and dull fact. It was most successfully practiced by New York Journal owner William Randolph Hearst in the lead-up to the Spanish-American War.

Yellow journalism

Spelling the end of the New Deal, Roosevelt lost the support of many Democrats when he

attempted to pack the Supreme Court

Margaret Sanger's crusade centered on the availability of

birth control.

Admiral George Dewey lead the US Navy to victory against the Spanish at Manila Bay, Philippines, by

destroying the entire Spanish squadron in five hours.

Progressivism wasn't a cohesive movement, but a set of these loosely connected reforms. Which below is NOT one of those reforms?

focus on foreign policy instead of domestic issues

As older, white Southern men moved from farms to textile mill towns, they

had difficulty adjusting.

President Johnson was impeached by Congress because

he ignored the Tenure of Office Act.

The introduction of _______________ caused Plains Indians like the Comanche and Apache to become more nomadic.

horses

The Clayton Antitrust Act barred all of the following EXCEPT

large-scale production and distribution

Mass marketing and mass distribution made life:

less regional and diverse.

The Wade-Davis bill was proposed by Radical Republicans, and it A.) restricted political power to hard-core former Confederates. B.) required that freed slaves be elected to governorships in defeated states before states could be readmitted to the Union. C.) was completely ignored by Lincoln, who at the war's end signed an executive order declaring the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction the law of the land. D.) required a loyalty oath by 50% of white adult males before allowing a defeated Confederate state to draft a new constitution. E.) found favor with Lincoln, who signed the bill into law.

required a loyalty oath by 50% of white adult males before allowing a defeated Confederate state to draft a new constitution.

This new profession proceeded from the haunting views of urban poverty presented by journalists like Jacob Riis and novelists like Frank Norris and Theodore Dreiser. It developed out of the old settlement house movement and studied hard data to find solutions to societal ills.

social work

The US Naval Blockade at Santiago Bay resulted in

the destruction of seven Spanish ships and US victory in Cuba.

According to Henry Grady, the tragedy of the South was that

the region had plenty of human and natural resources but no factories to manufacture the goods it needed.

Plessy v Ferguson was an 1896 Supreme Court decision that

upheld segregation.

The sinking of the battleship Maine

was caused by a coal bunker catching fire aboard the ship.

This Russian agency was tasked with spreading communist revolutions abroad.

Comintern

Which is one of the tactics of the "American Plan."

Companies made workers sign agreements disavowing union membership.

Which defect in the 1920s led to Great Depression?

Consumer spending decreased as demand for construction and automobiles sagged.

The development of the new industrial order required a web of complex industrial systems. Which below is NOT one of those systems?

Corn agriculture

The New South crusade did succeed in bringing some industrialization to the South. The advances in these two industries were most striking:

Cotton textile and tobacco

George Custer faced this Sioux leader at the Battle of Little Big Horn.

Crazy Horse

Race wars in the "red summer" of 1919 broke out in all of the cities below EXCEPT

Detroit

In comparing Booker T Washington to W E B Du Bois, we find that

Du Bois called for a black vanguard to protest against segregation, disenfranchisement, and discrimination.

One example of the 1920s emergence of a cult of celebrity is the mass-media attention given to

Charles Lindbergh

Abraham Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction required which of the following to occur before a defeated Confederate state could rejoin the Union? A.) Defeated Confederate states were required to confiscate the lands of the planter elite and redistribute to black freedmen. B.) A minimum of 10% of qualified voters from 1860 must take a loyalty oath, and then the state could organize its government. C.) No former Confederate leaders would be allowed to hold political positions or participate in public life in defeated Confederate state governments. D.) Defeated Confederate states were required to draw up new state constitutions providing full black suffrage to black Americans. E.) Defeated Confederate states must provide social and political equality for black Americans, and then the state could rejoin the Union.

A minimum of 10% of qualified voters from 1860 must take a loyalty oath, and then the state could organize its government.

The first cabinet member to be convicted of a felony in American history was:

Albert Fall

In which Michigan industry was "Solidarity Forever" the unionists' anthem as they went on strike?

Automobile

The highest paid baseball player in 1920 was

Babe Ruth

This American president passed the first billion-dollar peacetime budget.

Benjamin Harrison

Which below is NOT a provision of the First Reconstruction Act by Congressional (or Radical) Republicans? A.) State legislatures must ratify the Fourteenth Amendment if they wanted to rejoin the Union. B.) Black adult males and former Confederates were to be enrolled as voters in former Confederate states. C.) Former Confederates were barred from holding public office. D.) The ten unreconstructed states were placed under military law.

Black adult males and former Confederates were to be enrolled as voters in former Confederate states.