HIST 1102-03 Document Sets 1

Emilio Aguinaldo on American Imperialism in the Philippines (1899) 112-2. In what ways does Aguinaldo think that Americans misunderstand the Filipinos?

Aguinaldo thinks that the Americans view the Filipinos as either ignorant savages, uneducated dummies, or something similar to the Mohawk Indians; making the USA believe that they can't function on their own.

Andrew Carnegie, The Gospel of Wealth (1889) 101-2. Why does Carnegie believed that "the man who dies thus rich dies disgraced?"

Because Carnegie believed that the wealthy should repay their debt & contribute to society, not hording up their wealth for selfish reasons.

Andrew Carnegie, The Gospel of Wealth (1889) 101-1. Why does Carnegie think it's better to build public institutions than to give charity to the poor?

Because Carnegie believes that people should help those who will help themselves. Giving charity to the poor would only do more harm since you might be helping those who are unworthy. Public institutions would would benefit the community by improving the the general condition of the people.

John Marshall Harlan, Dissent in Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) 108-1. Why does Harlan consider laws requiring racial segregation to be violation of the freedom blacks had won during the Civil War?

Because Harlan believed that this goes against the concept of the United States giving equal rights to everyone living in it, along with the laws conflicting to the 13th & 14th amendments.

Emilio Aguinaldo on American Imperialism in the Philippines (1899) 112-1. Why does Aguinaldo think that the USA betrays its own values?

Because he thinks that U.S is forcing Filipinos to live in designated zones, where poor sanitation, starvation, and disease killed thousands. These conditions goes against the U.S government's attempt to provide equality to all kinds of US citizens.

Margaret Sanger on "Free Motherhood," from Woman & the New Race (1920) 118-2. How does she believe access to birth control will change women's lives?

For women, having access to birth control would bring happiness and freedom. It would bring a kind of "motherhood that does not submerge the women". It would bring not only liberty for them but also for their children.

Margaret Sanger on "Free Motherhood," from Woman & the New Race (1920) 118-1. How does Sanger define "free womanhood"?

Free womanhood is defined as to how woman do have the free choice on whether or not they want to get pregnant.

Rudyard Kipling, "The White Man's Burden" (1899) 113-2. How does Kipling believe the ones ruled by the US will respond to the emergence of an American Empire?

Kipling believes that they say they are civilized in their own way and don't want to be re civilized. if the U.S. is going to grow up to a world power, he tells it that it's going to have to take upon that responsibility to used wealth to improve others.

The Populist Platform (1892) 107-2. How did the Populist seek to rethink the relationship between power & freedom?

Populists sought to rethink the relationship between freedom and government to address some issues happening in the 1890's. They thought the government should own railroads and telegraph lines, instead of private businesses. They also wanted a free silver currency, instead of the gold based currency that was used then. They wanted the unlimited production of silver coins so that farmers would have more money to pay the bills.

A Sharecropping Act (1866) 97-2. What kinds of benefits & risks do freedmen have with the sharecropping agreement?

The Freedman' benefits are that sharecropping allows them to have independence from white control, having greater autonomy, can work under their own direction, & can divide the crop with the land owner. The Freedman's Risks are that they have to make sure that they don't mess up with the crops or their boss's stocks under the threat of being docked &/or being replaced with other freedman.

Manuel Gamio on a Mexican-American Family & American Freedom (ca. 1926) 114-2. What differences in attitudes toward Americanization & gender relations within the Santella Family are revealed in Gamio's report?

The Male Santella Family members found Americanization to be too immature & selfish to function efficiently in society. The Female Santella Members, on the other hand, actually like how the USA has made remarkable progress, & they only don't like how America treats women.

The Populist Platform (1892) 107-1. How does the Omaha platform identify the main threats to American liberty?

The Populist (Omaha) platform identified the main threats to American liberty by calling for government ownership of railroads, telephones, and telegraphs. The preface to the platform stated that "the railroad corporations will either own the people or the people must own the railroads.

Rudyard Kipling, "The White Man's Burden" (1899) 113-1. What does Kipling mean by the "White Man's Burden"?

The White man's burden was a concept very popular during the 1800's and into the 1900's that it was the responsibility of European empires to bring civilization to their colonies instead of just plundering them for the resources.

Ida B. Wells, Crusade for Justice (ca. 1892) 109-1. What social conditions gave rise to the Memphis lynching?

The Whites aren't happy with the blacks getting the same benefits as them, as such they want to do everything they can to assert dominance over the blacks, like the whites try to frame the blacks for raping a white woman.

A Sharecropping Act (1866) 97-1. How does the contract limit the laborers' freedom?

The contract limits the laborers' freedom by having said freedman obey their supervisor's orders & be part of a binding agreement with said supervisor, under the threat to have their payments docked for disobedience & sloppiness.

Manuel Gamio on a Mexican-American Family & American Freedom (ca. 1926) 114-1. What evidence does the report provide about the spread of consumer culture in early 20th century America?

The evidences in this report are: how Mr. Santella's son became a musician & director of the symphonic orchestra of the "Figueroa" theater; His daughters working in movies as Spanish-typed extras; & the family owning a Buick automobile company run by the female family members.

John Marshall Harlan, Dissent in Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896) 108-2. What does Harlan mean by the phrase, "our Constitution is color-blind?"

This phrase means that the Constitution is intended to protect all people equally and provide the same civil rights and protections without regard to race or ethnic heritage.

Ida B. Wells, Crusade for Justice (ca. 1892) 109-2. What does Wells see as the contributions of the anti-lynching movement?

Wells see how the southern whites refusing to let their slaves have both the freedom & the civil rights of their white counterparts, as well as the whites try to portray the blacks as a race of rapists, as justifiable contributions of the anti-lynching movement.