History 1112 chapter 16 practice
Between 1850 and 1890, the wealth owned by the 4,000 richest families
quadrupled
A distinguishing aspect of big businesses of the late nineteenth century was
they were managed by professionals instead of by their owners
Common laborers were difficult to organize because
they were separated by barriers of language and ethnic differences, and their reliance on seasonal labor made them transient correct
Immigrants came to the United States intending the following:
to make money and return home incorrect to strike it rich in the United States incorrect to make money to send back to their families
In 1882, John D. Rockefeller devised the _____ as a solution to the problem of competition.
trust correct
Western mining camps brought together all of the following groups, except
Africans.
How were the majority of working-class wives employed
Housewives who worked in their homes
What allowed middle class families to leave urban environments?
Improved roads and mass transit systems
What business device did John D. Rockefeller employ to control the petroleum industry from production through refining and marketing?
Trusts.
What did the Morrill Land Grant Act do?
gave federal land to the states to help finance agricultural colleges
Which of the following reforms did the Knights of Labor advocate?
An eight-hour work day. correct
James P. Morgan dominated what American industry?
Banking and Financing
Which of the following developments made migration easier in the late nineteenth century?
Cheaper steamship tickets. correct
What is horizontal consolidation?
Control of one step in the industrial process.
The term "vertical integration" means
Controlling as many aspects of business as possible.
Where did Andrew Carnegie first work after his family immigrated to the United States?
In a textile mill.
Why did open range herding in the west decline?
It became so environmentally destructive that it was no longer economically feasible. correct
Why did cattle investors begin to turn away from the Texas longhorn?
It carried a harmful tick.
Which of the following statements best describes the development of mining in the west?
It was first dominated by single men but later became industrialized in pursuit of deep veins. correct
Between 1873 and 1893, the nation's and the world's economies spiraled into depression. These depressed periods were characterized by
Low crop prices incorrect tremendous labor unrest incorrect general decline in prices for manufactured goods
What innovation allowed middle-class Americans to maintain a front lawn in the suburbs?
Mass-produced mowers.
Why did companies like the Pennsylvania Railroad borrow disciplinary methods from the military?
Most of their employees were veterans.
What best describes early mining in the West?
Prospector panning for precious metals in a mountain stream.
Cowboys in the late nineteenth century
Received low pay.
What happened during the Haymarket Disaster?
Someone threw a bomb at an anarchist rally in Chicago, and four people died. correct
From where did most immigrants to the United States come after the 1880s?
Southern and Eastern Europe.
What industry did Andrew Carnegie come to dominate?
Steel correct
Who led the Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor?
Terence Powderly.
The earliest immigrants to the United States mostly came from where?
The most developed nations.
What is social darwinism?
The theory that human inequality was the outcome of a struggle for survival in which the most fit rose to the top.
Industrial workers could count on all of the following except
Their labor union being respected and protecting their jobs
Which of the following statement best describes the state of American cities in the late 19th century.
They grew more crowded and unsanitary, but reformers made notable gains
All of the following were characteristics of the new American wealthy elite except :
They maintained the traditional middle class virtues of thrift and self-denial correct
Why did white workers resent Chinese immigrant laborers?
They worked cheaply and were used as strikebreakers.
The West was drawn into the political economy of capitalism in all of the following ways except which?
Unionization of the ranch hands and "drummers."
Comstock Lode in Nevada
Was the largest single vein of gold and silver in the United States
jewish immigration to the United States from Russia was largely a result of
an imperial policy of Jewish persecution
State governments formed National Guards for the purpose of
breaking strikes and quelling labor unrest correct
How were most cattle raised in the West?
by the open-range method and worked mostly from horseback
Farming in the West was different from farming in the East in all of the following ways except that
farm sizes in the east were too small for the economy or the ecology correct