history

Gandhi's nickname, Mahatma, means enlightened one. great soul. happy one. peaceful soul.

great soul.

Beginning in _____, apartheid became official policy under National Party rule.

1948

Which major change took place in Nigeria in 1999? Ethnic tensions came to an end. A peace treaty concluded the civil war. Military leaders led a government coup. A civilian president was elected.

A civilian president was elected.

What was the first step in Ghana's independence? Kwame Nkrumah became the prime minister. A military coup seized power in the colony. Africans gained a majority in the parliament. Opposition political parties were banned.

Africans gained a majority in the parliament.

What were the economic consequences of apartheid in South Africa? Check all that apply. Black citizens had a very low standard of living. Wages remained low for most white citizens. Black citizens could not own private property. The economy had a stagnant growth rate. The government had a low level of debt.

Black citizens had a very low standard of living Black citizens could not own private property. The economy had a stagnant growth rate.

Which of the following occurred as a result of India's partition in 1947? Select all that apply. Gandhi was assassinated. Hindus relocated to Pakistan. Nehru was assassinated. Citizens began to riot. Muslims and Hindus became more tolerant.

Citizens began to riot. Gandhi was assassinated.

Europeans ignored cultural divisions when setting colonial boundaries because Europeans had no interest in or concern for African cultural divisions. African cultural divisions were too complex for Europeans to understand. respecting African cultural identity might negatively affect Africa's economy. African citizens did not have a strong sense of national or cultural identity.

Europeans had no interest in or concern for African cultural divisions.

Which of the following ended the post-partition fighting between Hindus and Muslims? Gandhi's protest hunger strike election of the first woman prime minister Prime Minister Nehru's reconciliation attempts Gandhi's assassination by a Hindu fanatic

Gandhi's protest hunger strike

The first African country to achieve independence was Rwanda. Kenya. Nigeria. Ghana.

Ghana.

How did Nelson Mandela expand his anti-government activities in the 1960s? He co-wrote and signed The Freedom Charter. He created a division dedicated to sabotage. He founded the African National Congress. He ran for president of South Africa.

He created a division dedicated to sabotage.

Which statement best describes Frederik W. de Klerk? He was sent to prison on various charges for protesting South Africa's policies of apartheid. He was the president of South Africa in 1990 and pushed reforms that ended apartheid. He was the first black Anglican archbishop of Cape Town and a Nobel Peace Prize honoree. He was a leader in the African National Congress and became the first black president of South Africa.

He was the president of South Africa in 1990 and pushed reforms that ended apartheid.

What best describes South Africa's homelands of the 1950s? Homelands were rural communities where European settlers lived during the colonial era. Homelands were urban communities where European settlers lived during the colonial era. Homelands were rural communities where thousands of black South Africans were forced to relocate. Homelands were urban communities where thousands of black South Africans were forced to relocate.

Homelands were rural communities where thousands of black South Africans were forced to relocate.

Why did India's desire for independence increase following World War II? It decided it had lived under British rule long enough. It felt that its service in the war effort should grant it independence. It decided to go to war against Britain unless it was freed. It realized it could succeed as an independent country.

It felt that its service in the war effort should grant it independence.

Who made the following statement regarding the partitioning of India? "Those who demand separation would, in the end, suffer most for it . . . " Mahatma Gandhi Muhammad Ali Jinnah Jawarharlal Nehru Indira Gandhi

Jawarharlal Nehru

In 1967, ethnic minorities rebelled against Yoruba rule in _____.

Nigeria

Which of the following events would most likely cause an increase in Indian nationalism? Gandhi holds a rally encouraging Indians to show more patriotism. A large number of Indian troops are injured while fighting the British. Numerous Indian citizens are hurt when an office building is attacked by the British. A popular politician is put on trial for breaking the law.

Numerous Indian citizens are hurt when an office building is attacked by the British.

What type of government did European settlers create in South Africa in 1909? a democratic republic that included all citizens a democratic republic that excluded many citizens a parliamentary government that included all citizens a parliamentary government that excluded many citizens

a parliamentary government that excluded many citizens

In the early 1900s, European settlers in South Africa created a policy of embargoes and trade sanctions. a system of segregation that split society. a plan of sabotage against the government. a style of government based on democracy.

a system of segregation that split society.

What of the following characterized Ghana after 1992? a return to a one-party system of government an economy based solely on industry an increase in government instability advances in education and human services

advances in education and human services

How did the international community respond to South Africa's policies in the 1980s? by refusing to buy South African goods by setting up a blockade around the country by threatening to declare war on South Africa by negotiating treaties between different groups

by refusing to buy South African goods

Which of the following illustrates the concept of Satyagraha? practicing yoga in order to become more peaceful camping out by a "no loitering" sign to protest the law refusing to buy goods from certain places because of their laws boycotting a store that has poor business practices

camping out by a "no loitering" sign to protest the law

South Africa's Population Registration Act of 1950 led to the relocation of 600,000 white citizens. created a race-based classification system. combined several black and white communities. removed all racial categories from government.

created a race-based classification system.

Overwhelming challenges made it difficult for _______ governments to stay in power in Africa.

democratic

Jomo Kenyatta caused discontent during his rule in Kenya by becoming a member of the pan-African movement. exhibiting favoritism toward the Kikuyu people. leading the Kenyan African Nationalist Union. encouraging election fraud to help him stay in office.

exhibiting favoritism toward the Kikuyu people.

What challenges does South Africa face today as a democracy? Check all that apply. high poverty and high unemployment rates rigid division between whites and non-whites unequal access to transportation and technology lack of representation for non-whites in government need for the creation of a Bill of Rights for all citizens

high poverty and high unemployment rates unequal access to transportation and technology

One of Jawaharlal Nehru's first duties as India's Prime Minister was to end fighting between Muslims and Hindus. relocate the post-partition refugees. improve living standards for Indians. establish a state religion in India.

improve living standards for Indians.

European nations benefited from African colonies' labor and resources. industries and artisans. established trade routes. well-trained military.

labor and resources.

The economies of most African colonies were dependent on industrial development. one or two crops. a strong middle class. diverse farmlands.

one or two crops.

Which of the following would Gandhi most likely embrace as a means of change? participating in a hunger strike attending a protest rally not stopping at red lights using tear gas

participating in a hunger strike

When military leaders and dictators ruled Nigeria, they sometimes tried to prevent unrest by allowing peaceful, supervised political activity. agreeing to small, incremental changes. banning expressions of ethnic pride. prohibiting all criticism of the government.

prohibiting all criticism of the government.

During World War II, the Indian National Congress told citizens to refuse to vote in elections. purchase only British goods. pay their taxes on time. boycott Gandhi's protests.

refuse to vote in elections.

Which of the following is the best example of civil disobedience? refusing to pay taxes because you disapprove of how the money is being used by the government not paying for a shirt at the store because you feel it was a product of child labor driving through stop signs because you believe there are too many in your neighborhood protesting outside the local jail because you feel inmates are being treated unfairly

refusing to pay taxes because you disapprove of how the money is being used by the government

The United States and Europe put pressure on South Africa in the form of sabotage. sanctions. segregation. separation.

sanctions.

Which event sparked extremist Hutus to incite genocide against the Tutsis in Rwanda? a new democratic government civil war started by the Tutsis the death of the Rwandan president a peace agreement that the Tutsis refused to sign

the death of the Rwandan president

Read this quotation from a South African document written in 1955. We, the People of South Africa, black and white together—equals, countrymen and brothers—adopt this Freedom Charter. And we pledge ourselves to strive together, sparing neither strength nor courage, until the democratic changes here set out have been won. —The Freedom Charter, 1955 What was the purpose of this document? to call for the end of colonial rule to found the African National Congress to demand equality for all South African citizens to create a plan of government for South Africa

to demand equality for all South African citizens

Why did Indians gather in Amritsar in 1919? to attend a rally celebrating Gandhi's accomplishments to demand a recount of a recent election's votes to perform a mass act of civil disobedience to protest British laws and policies

to protest British laws and policies

The refugee crisis that occurred in India after its partition was a result of too many people trying to relocate at one time. a citizen-led protest of the partitioning. the Muslim-Hindu riots and violence. not enough land being given to Muslims.

too many people trying to relocate at one time.

The movement against apartheid in South Africa was militant at first and remained that way. was militant at first but became non-violent. was non-violent at first but became militant. was non-violent at first and remained that way.

was non-violent at first but became militant.

What resulted when Europeans created colonial boundaries that ignored Africa's cultural divisions? Check all that apply. widespread ethnic conflict a marginal middle class lack of national identity authoritarian dictatorships lack of a literate workforce

widespread ethnic conflict lack of national identity