History Chapter 2 Test Lesson 1-2

How was Egyptian society organized

Like a pyramid

What guards the pyramid

sphinx, body of lion human face

Patriachs of Israel

Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; the fathers of Israel

The Nile river is located on which continent

Africa

Middle Kingdom

After a time of rebellion known as the FIRST intermidate period, the middle kingdom began.

What was the New Kingdom known as?

Age of the Empire

The Israelite prophets

Condemned the rich for causing the poor to suffer

Hatsheput

First great woman ruler of Egypt, may have been the daughter of Pharaoh who discoverd Moses

Palace at Knossos

Gives us an indication of the wealth and achievement of the Minoans -Indoor plumbing -Beautiful paintings

What was built and where during the Old kingdom?

Great pyramid at Giza

What were the those languages the Indo-Europeans spoke

Greek, Latin, Persian, Sanskrit, and the Germanic languages (English and German)

The nile river, which flowed northeard allowed Egypt to do what?

Grow a surplus of food

Who was one of the greatest pharaohs

Hatsheput

What river played an important role in Egyptain civilization?

Nile River

Lower Egypt

Northern region

What does the Nile river provide for the Egyptains

Nutrients

Pastoral nomads

Often overran communities and established great empires; they domesticated animals for food and clothing

A government bureucracy developed in Egypt during what Kingdom

Old

Where did nomadic people live

On the fringes of civilaztions of Mesopotamia and Egypt

Indo-Europeans

One of the most significant nomadic people; A group of people who spoke a language derived from a single parent tongue

Why did Israel split in two?

Other a disagreement of leadership

Papyrus

Paper; where we get the word paper from

Upper Egypt

Southern region. Breaks into two rivers; White Nile and blue Nile; great bend

Menes

United Lower and Upper Egpyt. -Created the first royal dynasty

What were the Pharaohs known as during the New Kingdom

Warrior Kings

During the Middle Kingdom, a pharaoh

Was expected to build public works and provide for public welfare.

In Egyptian society, members of the lower class

Were forced to provide military services and labor for building projects.

The relgious beliefs of the Israelites were written down in

the Hebrew Bible

What was the Israelites religion

Judaism

Who discovered the Rosetta Stone

Napoleon's soldiers

Division of Judgment

....

L2: People in the Eastern Mediterranean

......

What are those?

1. Old 2. Middle 3. New

How many kingdoms is Egyptain divided into?

3

How many languages does and the Rosetta Stone contain, and what are those languages

3; Greek, Demotic, Hieroglyphics

How long was the nile river?

4000 miles, longest river in the world

Dynasty

A family of rulers whose right to rule is passed on within the family.

What did the ancient Egyptians call the flooding of the Nile river?

A miracle

Paganism

A person holding relgious beliefs other than those of the main world religions

Phoenicians greatest civilization

Alphabet

The Phoenician culture is best known for

Alphabet

Hyksos

Asian people who ruled Egpyt, egpytians learned the art of war from the Hyksos. They brought horses and chariots.

Thutmose III

Called the "Napoleon of Egypt", possibly the Pharaoh Moses ran from

Old Kingdom

Called the Age of the Pharaohs

Pastoral nomads often passed on new technology, such as the use of bronze and iron, by

Carrying products between civilized centers

Upper and Lower Egypt

Derives from the flow of the Nile

Egyptian contributions

Developed a solar calendar; invented hieroglyphics (picture writting, scared writtings); the Rosetta Stone broke the secrets of hieroglyphics.

When did Israel move to egypt

During the middle kingdom

Write a paragraph describing the government of ancient Egypt in which you define the terms dynasty, pharaoh, and bureaucracy.

Egypt was the first to create a royal dynasty meaning a family of rules whose right to rule is passed down by family. Within dynasties you have pharaoh's which describes the ruler. Later a government bureaucracy formed. A bureaucracy is an administrative organization with officals and regular procedures.

Indo-European languages included Greek, Latin, Persian, Sanskrit, German and

English

The Minoans

Established on the island of Crete; not Greek but influenced the people of main land Greece.

What was between the Old and Middle Kingdom

FIRST intermediate period

Trade with other lands affected the Minoans by

Helping them to improve the design and techniques of the goods they produced

What were some of the cultural contributions of the ancient Egyptians

Hieroglypics, hieratic script, pyramids, temples, advances in math, 365 day calendar

What is in between each of the divisions

Intermediate Period

Who did Israel's history begin with

Isaac.

The Torah contains the fundamental principles of the

Israelites

Who decoded the Rosetta Stone

Jean-Francois Champollion

The place that Israelites viewed as the symbolic center of their religion and of the Israelite kingdom was

Jerusalem

Who built the Giza

Khufu

Who was the most powerful Pharaoh during the Old Kingdom?

Khufu or cheops

Phoenicians

Located in what is known as modern day Lebanon; they were the greatest merchants of their day;

Mycenaean's

Located on the mainland of Greece, defeated the Minoans; all they cared about was war

Who united upper and lower Egypt

Menes

Egypt's golden age of stability and a period of expansion occuried during what Kingdom

Middle

In Egyptian society, merchants, artisans, scribes, and tax collectors were members of what class?

Middle class

This civilization, though not Greek, influenced the peoples of the Greek mainland

Minoans

The people of Egpyt descended from who?

Mizraim ( Ham son)

Why was it called the Age of the Pharoh's

Pharoh's protected the people and the people mattered tho them

The city ports of Byblos, Tyre and Sidon were part of

Phoenicia

Amenhoteop II

Possibly the pharaoh who refused to let the Isrealites go

Egypts natural barriers provide _________ from invasions

Protection

What does the word Phoenicia mean

Purple people; the name came from the Greeks. Used a sea snail to get purple dye, they used purple dye to change things

The Southern Tribe

Remained loyal to Rehoboam, this is the tribe Jesus would come from; Because of Judah's disobedience, God punished Israel.

Rameses II

Responsible for building large temples and monuments

Israelites

Semitic speaking people who lived south of the Phoenicians

Write an essay explaining the role of religious beliefs in ancient Egyptian life and social structure

The Egyptians were polytheistis. They felt secure because of their religion. They had two groups of gods, land gods and sun gods. Their ruler "Son of Re" was thought as the earthly form of their god. Egyptians society was organized like a pyramid with their god-king at the top.

What was the significance of geography to Egypt's development

The Nile River was an important part of Egypt. They praised it as the "creator of alll good" because of its ability to bring them food. The anual flooding of the Nile caused mud that created a rich soil several miles. Farmers grew alot of food making Egypt more prosperous. They had time to focus on other things then just farming and looking for their next meal.

Delta

The Nile river splits into two branches that form a triangle called a delta.

What happened after the middle kingdom

The SECOND intermediate period

What were those two names

The Ten Norhtern (Israel) & The Southern Tribes (Judah)

What is the middle kingdom known as

The age of the people, seen as the age of peace and construction; paraohs seen as the shepherds caring over the people.

The New kingdom

The egpytians overthrew the Hyksos and restored an Egyptian to the throne. Egpyt became a great world power

Hittites

The first Indo-Europeans to use IRON.

What was going on during the Old Kingdom

The greatest period of pyramid building

What were the Minoans named after

The legendary King Minos; they were peaceful loving people interested in art culture.

What characterizes the divisions in the first two major periods in Egypt's history

The old kingdom was prosperous and slpendid, but it eventually collasped which lead to disorder for 150 years. A new dynasty came, which was the Middle kingdom. The old kingdom the pharoah seemed far from his people. But now in the Middle kingdom the pharaoh was protrayed as a shepared of his people.

What relationships exsisted among the classes of Egypt

The upper class consisted of rich rulers who ran the government. Below the upper class were people who were not considered poor, but had to work hard for a living. The lower class contained the most people. Everyone had to follow the rules of the government no matter what class you were in.

Egyptian advances in mathematics allowed what

Them to build massive monuments and survey flooded land

Red Sea is located where

To the east

Where is the Mediterranean Sea located

To the north

The Egypt pyramids were

Tombs for pharaohs

T/F -Egyptian arstits and scultpors portrayed the human body in profile, semi-profile, and front.

True