History Finals Chapter 32
What was General Douglas MacArthur's island-hopping strategy?
. General Douglas MacArthur's island-hopping strategy was that he would capture certain vulnerable islands and use them to get closer to their goal of getting close to Japan to drop bombs on bases in Japan. He would not try to capture islands with the Japanese already on them because he did not want to waste American lives.
Did Admiral Yamamoto make a wise decision in bombing Pearl Harbor? Why or why not?
Admiral Yamamoto did not make a wise decision on bombing Pearl Harbor because although he was doing well at the time since he hit them by surprise, the Americans came back and attacked them worse than they had attacked the Americans in the first place.
The people proposed by the Nazis that were said to be the master race; they were the German people.
Aryan
a declaration of principles issued in August 1941 by British prime minister Winston Churchill and U.S president Franklin Roosevelt, on which the Allied peace plan at the end of World War II was based.
Atlantic Charter
a series of battles between German and British air forces, fought over Britain in 1940-1941.
Battle of Britain
a 1942-1943 battle of World War II, in which allied troops drove Japanese forces from the Pacific island of Guadalcanal
Battle of Guadalcanal
A 1942 sea and air battle of World War II, in which American forces defeated Japanese forces in the central Pacific.
Battle of Midway
a 1942-1943 battle of World War II, in which German forces were defeated in their attempt to capture the city of Stalingrad in the Soviet Union.
Battle of Stalingrad
a 1944-1945 battle in which allied forces turned back the last major German offensive of World War II.
Battle of the Bulge
a form of warfare in which surprise attacks with fast-moving airplanes are followed by massive attacks with infantry forces.
Blitzkrieg
A French general who had set up a government-in-exile in London. He committed all his energy to reconquering France. He called on the people of France to join him in resisting the Germans.
Charles de Gaulle
June 6, 1944 the day on which the allies began their invasion of the European mainland during World War II.
D-Day
a reduction in a country's ability to wage war, achieved by disbanding its armed forces and prohibiting it from acquiring weapons.
Demilitarization
Why was demilitarization such an important part of the postwar program for Japan?
Demilitarization was such an important part of the postwar program for Japan because now Japan could not retaliate and build up an army to get back at the Allies, but this also allowed more money to be used to rebuild Japan.
the process of creating a government elected by the people.
Democratization
The commander of the Allied land forces in the Pacific who developed a plan to handle the problem of the Japanese troops who had dug in on hundreds of islands across the Pacific Ocean.
Douglas MacArthur
an American general that led the allied troops that landed in Morocco and Algeria.
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Why was Egypt a strategic importance of World War II?
Egypt was a strategic importance in World War II because Egypt's Suez Canal was the key in reaching the oil fields of the Middle East.
the general of the Afrika Korps sent in by Hitler to reinforce the Italians.
Erwin Rommel
Hitler's program of systematically killing the entire Jewish people.
Final Solution
What three programs did General Douglas McArthur introduce during the U.S. occupation of Japan?
General Douglas MacArthur introduced demilitarization, democratization, and he gave workers the right to create independent labor unions during the U.S. occupation of Japan.
the systematic killing of an entire people, the Jewish population by Hitler in 1940s.
Genocide
the city neighborhoods in which European Jews were forced to live.
Ghetto
How do governments gather support for a war effort on the home front?
Governments gather support for a war effort on the home front through propaganda.
a mass slaughter of Jews and other civilians, carried out by the Nazi government of Germany before and during World War II.
Holocaust
Why do you think that many Europeans favored communism after World War II?
I think many Europeans favorited communism after World War II because everything was devastated and people were out of work and had nowhere to go.
Why do you think the Japanese changed their approach from trying to win the support of the colonized peoples to acting as conquerors?
I think that the Japanese changed their approach from trying to win the support of the colonized peoples to acting as conquerors because once they had attacked Pearl Harbor; the colonized people quickly turned against them and would not be on their side so they changed their agenda to being conquerors.
What factors do you think a country's leaders consider when deciding whether to surrender or fight?
I think the factors that a countries leaders consider when deciding when to surrender or fight are the amount of men they have and how they are doing in the war, if they are getting help, if the opposing team is weakening, or if they come up with new strategies to help defeat the other side.
What do you think is meant by the statement that Winston Churchill possibly was Britain's most powerful weapon against Hitler's Germany?
I think the statement that Winston Churchill possibly was Britain's most powerful weapon against Hitler's Germany means that he was a good leader due to the fact that he had good, strong policies helped Britain to attain aid from the appropriate allies and that also lead to the defeat of the axis.
Japan's greatest naval strategist who called for an attack on the U.S fleet in Hawaii. This battle was Pearl Harbor.
Isoroku Yamamoto
What problems did japan face in building an empire in the pacific?
Japan could not build an empire in the Pacific because after they bombed Pearl Harbor, the Americans would not allow them to stay close to them and would attack them at every place they went which prevented them from building an empire there.
during World War II, Japanese suicide pilots trained to sink allied ships by crashing bomb-filled planes into them.
Kamikaze
"Night of Broken Glass". The night on November 9, 1938 when the Nazi storm troopers attacked Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues throughout Germany.
Kristallnacht
How were Napoleon's invasion of Russia and Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union similar?
Napoleon's invasion of Russia and Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union are similar in that both leaders believed that they should rule the whole world and both went far into the country but never ended up capturing the capital and after they tried, they were driven backwards, away from the country.
Do you think it was right for Allies to try only Nazi and Japanese leaders for war crimes? Why or why not?
No I do not think it was right for the Allies to try only Nazi and Japanese leaders for war crimes because other people had committed war crimes, including people in the Allies.
an agreement in which nations promise not to attack one another.
Nonaggression Pact
a series of court proceedings held in Nuremberg, Germany, after World War II, in which Nazi leaders were tried for aggression, violations of the rules of war, and crimes against humanity.
Nuremberg Trials
a harbor in Hawaii that was attacked by the Japanese under the order of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto on December 7, 1941.
Pearl Harbor
Why might people want to blame a minority group for most of their countries problems?
People might want to blame a minority group for most of their country's problems because the people in the majority will just think of the minority's negative qualities and they are also easy to blame because there is less of them.
Why did President Franklin Roosevelt want to offer help to the Allies?
President Franklin Roosevelt wanted to offer help to the Allies because he knew if they fell, the United States would be drawn into the war
Why did so many Europeans take to the roads and wander the countryside after the war?
So many Europeans wandered the countryside after the war because the places they had lived before suffered greatly from destruction and they no longer had a place to live that was safe.
How did some non-Jews oppose Hitler's "Final Solution"?
Some of the non-Jews opposed Hitler's Final Solution by being against genocide and would bomb around concentration camps and force axis troops out which would then free the imprisoned Jewish people.
Why did Stalin want the Unites States and Britain to launch a second front on the west?
Stalin wanted the US and Britain to launch a second front in the west because by doing this, Germany would have to remove guys from the eastern front to fight on the western front.
Why do you think the German people went along with the Nazi policy of persecution of the Jews?
The German people went along with the Nazi policy because if they didn't, they too would be executed along with the Jews.
What impact did the Holocaust have on the Jewish population in Europe?
The Holocaust impacted the Jewish population of Europe in that there were much less Jews at the end of the Holocaust and most Jews were afraid and tried to cover up that they were Jewish.
How did the Japanese plan to catch the European colonial powers and the Unites States by surprise?
The Japanese planed to catch the European colonial powers and the United States by surprise was by their massive attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii in December 1941.
What Nazi action marked the final stage of the "Final Solution"?
The Nazi action that marked the final stage of the Final Solution was killing two-thirds of the European Jewish population by gassing them, shooting them, and other torturous acts.
How did the Allies try to deal with the issue of war crimes in Europe?
The allies dealt with the issue of war crimes in Europe by putting Nazi leaders to trial and charged them, known as the Nuremberg Trials.
How did the Allies try to conceal the true location for the D-Day landings?
The allies tried to conceal the true location for the D-Day landings by spreading fake "secret" messages that German messengers heard. They also sent out fake documents that were aimed to be read by the Germans with false information.
In what way was the Battle of the Coral Sea a new kind of naval warfare?
The battle of the Coral Sea was a new kind of naval warfare because it was the first time a sea battle had taken place with airplanes.
What brought about the Japanese surrender?
The dropping of the atomic bomb brought about the Japanese surrender.
Why were the early months of World War II referred to as the "phony war"?
The early months of World War II were referred to as the "phony war" because there was nothing really going on in the beginning and newspapers, mainly in the United States, referred to the war as the phony war.
What was the new racial order proposed by the Nazi's?
The new racial order proposed by the Nazis was that the Aryans were pure and the Jews, Romans, Polish, and Russians were inferior to them and deserved to die.
Issued the Atlantic Charter, British Prime Minister. He had declared, when he was appointed, his nation would never give in. He was the reason why Hitler turned his mind to an invasion of Great Britain.
Winston Churchill
Did President Truman make the correct decision in using the atomic bomb? Why or Why not?
Yes president Truman made the right decision in using the atomic bomb because this forced the Japanese to surrender, which was a huge help to ending the war.
Should governments have the power to limit the rights of citizens during wartime?
Yes the government should have the power to limit the rights of their citizens during wartime because if they don't, secret information could get out, people could join opposing sides of the war, people could rebel against the war, and like the draft they need people to join the army and do certain things especially in wartime.