History of Floral Design
During which date range was the Art Nouveau period of design popular
1890-1910
When was the end of the Victorian Period?
1914, WW1
During which period were symmetrical, tree-style designs introduced?
Byzantine period
Which philosopher influenced many Chinese designs?
Confucius
Type of Arrangements originally displayed by the Greeks to symbolize fertility?
Cornucopia
Earliest design period- known for arrangements that were clear and simple, used colors or red, yellow, and blue, and used lots of repetition; decorations for banquet tables, processions, funerals
Egyptian Period
Art Deco is a blend of
Egyptian, jazz, and new industrial
Flowers used more for their fragrance than for design; flowers crammed into containers; little or no design concept
English Georgian
During which period were flowers used to construct neck and hair pieces for fashionable women?
English Georgian Peiriod
The American Victorian period copied which other style of floral design
European Style
Which period was the first to combine the mass designs of the Romans and the line designs of the Orient?
Flemish
When were flowers primarily used during the Middle Ages?
Flowers were not used much except for religious ceremonies and special occasions.
Which style influenced the Neoclassic period of American floral styles?
French
Topiary introduced; symmetrical design with no foacl point; designs were informal, fragile and delicate
French Baroque (17th century)
Designs more formal than Baroque; arc and crescent shaped
French Rococo (18th century)
Greeks primarily used flowers for __________and __________
Garlands and Wreaths
Which division of American styles of design was the final phase of neoclassical?
Greek Revival
Which 2 types of styles were incorporated into the Byzantine period floral arrangements?
Greek and Roman
Herbs frequently used; introduced the Horn of Plenty (cornucopia)
Greek period
Which group of people were the first to have professional florists who did floral work for people?
Greeks
What type of arrangement was created during the Baroque period and is still popular today?
Hogarth Curve
What was the Japanese style of floral arranging called?
Ikebana
Christmas Wreaths became popular during this period
Renaissance
During which period did people begin to take an interest in gardening?
Renaissance Period
During which period were formal bouquets tied together and given away?
Renaissance Period
Rebirth period- influenced by Greek, Byzantine and Roman periods
Renaissance period
How did the Roman garlands and wreaths compare to those created by the Greeks?
Roman's garlands and wreaths were more elaborate; tapered
How did Greeks arrange their flowers?
They did not arrange them in vases or bouquets. Flowers were scattered on the ground for ceremonies and festivities.
How did the Roman's use roses during the Roman period?
They used roses at evening banquets and scattered these roses over the floor
How were flowers preserved during the Renaissance Period?
They were dried in their natural colors by burying the flowers in sand to draw out moisture
What type of flower was used abundantly in Flemish designs?
Tulips
During which time period were floral designs very poor in design but very fashionable
Victorian Period
Elaborate, full designs- mostly for the upper-class members; arrangements were large, overdone to show wealth
Victorian Period
Flowers during this period had more meaning; conveyed a message
Victorian period
What types of color schemes were used during the Byzantine period?
analogous, accented with a complementary
What does ikebana mean?
arrangement of living plant materials
Wreaths were presented to __________ for victory/dedication during Greek period.
athletes
What was used by Egyptians to decorate a table before a feast?
baskets of fruits and flowers
Describe what arrangements looked like during the Baroque Period:
began symmetrical, oval shaped designs later asymmetrical curves in the shape of an "S" or a crescent.
Why did women carry tuzzy-muzzy's during the English Georgian period?
clinched bustles made women pass out; streets smelled of feces and tuzzy-muzzy held concealed smelling salts that helped the women stay concious
What were given as popular gifts to soldiers returning from WWI?
corsages
During the Chinese Period, flowers and plant materials were used for:
decorating altars used in religious ceremonies performed by Buddhist Priests
The most important elements to Greeks when arranging the flowers were:
flowers, fragrance, and symbolism
Egyptians considered flowers sacred because they simbolized
gods and goddesses
What were the three principles of ikebana?
heaven (shin), man (soe), earth (tai)
What were the three characteristics of the Greek Revival period of American design?
large, symmetrical, lavish
Describe the style of Japanese arrangements:
linear forms, straight, curved, or angular lines of flowers and foliage
What did designs looked during the Colonial period of floral design?
massed, rounded, fan-shaped
What types of container were flowers arranged in during the Chinese Period?
massive bronze ceremonial vessels
Describe what Flemish floral arrangements looked like:
proportional and more compact than the Baroque style
How were flowers used during religious ceremonies during the Roman period?
scarves filled with blossoms
sub rosa
secretly; confidentially- hung wreaths of white roses from the ceiling- what was said underneath was to be kept a secret
What kinds of flowers/plants were primarily used for ceremonies during the Chinese Period due to the belief that keeping flowers and plants intact was the preservation of life?
storm-broken branches and stems
Describe what floral designs looked like during the Renaissance period:
tall, large, pyramidal, and symmetrically balanced. arrangement was typically twice the height of the container; bright flower colors
What was unique about the containers during the Art of Nouveau period of American design?
the containers curved with the curved lines of nature.
Describe how the arrangement looked during the Early American period:
wild flowers, grains, grasses in jugs, pitchers.
Due to their femininity and fragile beauty, flowers were given __________ names in the Chinese Period
women's