History of R&R CH 2
Elvis is often thought of as a song stylist because he
did not write his own songs but chose which material he would record.
The country and western chart was originally called
hillbilly
Whom did BMI represent during the payola scandal?
rock and roll
All of the following are elements of Chuck Berry's music EXCEPT
songs geared toward adult black listeners.
As a song, "Roll Over Beethoven" celebrates
teenagers listening to rhythm and blues.
The success of crossover artists significantly reduced
the crossover potential for the original artists.
Whom did ASCAP represent during the payola scandal?
traditional pop songwriters
trademark of Buddy Holly
vocal hiccup
Early in his career, Elvis was marketed as a
country and western artist
The emergence of rock and roll in the 1950s can be attributed to the relationship between DJs and
indie record labels.
The practice of payola involved
creating business friendships with disc jockeys by offering gifts
Along with Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens and Little Richard were killed in the same plane crash.
False
A crossover song is
a song or record appearing on multiple music charts
original marketing term for rhythm and blues
race records
The congressional hearings on the payola scandal focused on
radio stations that played rock and roll.
"That'll Be the Day" was the first hit for
Buddy Holly.
All of the following were artists with Sun Records EXCEPT
Buddy Holly.
Which song was the first million-selling single for Sun Records?
"Blue Suede Shoes"
Elvis's first single for RCA was
"Heartbreak Hotel."
Chuck Berry's first hit on Chess Records
"Maybellene"
Elvis is best thought of as a master songwriter who wrote in a variety of pop genres.
False
Elvis's recordings with RCA helped establish a style that came to be called "rockabilly."
False
It was a common practice for major record labels to watch the country and western charts for hits and then cover those songs for the pop market.
False
Little Richard's aggressive piano playing and "wild man" image were a direct contrast to
Fats Domino
Which of the following was NOT a major record label in the 1950s?
Sun
Which of the following was NOT a major record label in the 1950s?Specialty
Sun
To many teenagers, Alan Freed was the father of rock and roll.
True
the American Society of Composers, Artists, and Performers
ASCAP
All of the following are examples of crossover artists EXCEPT
Big Joe Turner
Who took control of American popular music as the first wave of rock and roll ended?
Big companies
Which 1950s movie featured Bill Haley's "(We're Gonna) Rock around the Clock"?
Blackboard Jungle
female rockabilly singer
Brenda Lee
________ often performed a trademark "duck walk" during guitar solos.
Chuck Berry
Alan Freed began his career in
Cleveland
Elvis Presley's manager
Colonel Tom Parker
How was Elvis's image and music used to appeal to a wider audience?
He starred in movies, after serving in the army he became a patriotic G.I. instead of a hip swiveling menace.
Which Sun Records singer was dubbed the "female Elvis"?
Janis Martin
________ was probably the most flamboyant performer in the early years of rock and roll.
Little Richard
White artists covering Little Richard's music left out much of the sexual innuendo in his lyrics.
True
Although he covered many rhythm and blues songs, ________ played a central role in establishing rock and roll in mainstream pop in the 1950s.
Pat Boone
All of the following events affected the first wave of rock and roll EXCEPT
Pat Boone having the first rock-and-roll hit song.
Elvis Presley's contract was bought by
RCA Records
________ was a regional radio show in Memphis hosted by Dewey Phillips.
Red, Hot, and Blue
The "slapback echo" was a rockabilly feature pioneered by ________.
Sam Phillips
Who started Sun Records in Memphis?
Sam Phillips
song originally performed by Big Joe Turner
Shake, Rattle, and Roll
To which independent label was Little Richard signed?
Specialty
The song ________ helped launch Elvis Presley's career at Sun Records.
That's All Right Mama
radio show hosted by Alan Freed
The Moondog Show
How was Buddy Holly influential as a songwriter?
The fact that he wrote his own songs served as a model for other rock musicians. He also was adventurous in terms of formal design.
Why did Sam Phillips sell Elvis's contract?
They paid him an amount he never thought they would agree to and he invested that money into his business.
Before Elvis signed a major record deal, major labels were NOT interested in rock and roll.
True
Both Buddy Holly and Chuck Berry wrote music that was intended for a pop audience with influences of country and western and rhythm and blues.
True
Both independent and major record labels used payola.
True
Fats Domino, Chuck Berry, and Little Richard were all artists recorded on independent labels.
True
Most of rock's originators and many of the independent labels they worked for were out of the music business by 1960.
True
crossover success for Jerry Lee Lewis
Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin' On
Gene Vincent and Eddie Cochran were particularly popular with
audiences in England.
The "whitening" of rhythm and blues was marked by
lyrics changed to dance references instead of sexual innuendos.
Which of the following was a trademark of Little Richard's music?
maniacal singing
Explain why the act of payola was NOT deemed an illegal activity.
According to FCC rules the gifts just had to be announced on air and money received had to be claimed on a tax form.
received coauthor credit for the song "Maybellene"
Alan Freed
Two high-profile individuals associated with the payola scandal were
Alan Freed and Dick Clark.
The Rock and Roll Party was
Alan Freed's radio show in New York
Cover versions of rhythm and blues songs by white artists very rarely performed better on the pop charts than the rhythm and blues originals.
False
Why did rhythm and blues artists often opt for a flat fee for their recordings?
For musicians in the habit of going around playing gigs it was more prudent to be paid up front than to sign an agreement for future royalties with a small, fragile record company.
Explain how payola was beneficial to indie record labels as well as independent radio stations.
They used it to compete with the greater resources of shared by major labels. Independent radio stations used it as a way to compete in regional markets.
Explain how payola was beneficial to indie record labels as well as independent radio stations
They used it to compete with the greater resources shared by major labels. Independent radio stations used it as a way to compete in regional markets.
As a result of the payola scandal, Alan Freed
was run out of the music business.
Which of the following statements about Buddy Holly is FALSE?
He was a cover artist.