History of Student Affairs - Study Guide 1 (COMPS)
Three issues critical to the future of higher education according to Boyer
1. Diversity, 2. Improving Teaching, 3. Embracing Globalization
The Aristocratic Period of Higher Education started with the founding of Harvard and ended with the Morrill Act.
1636 - 1863
What time period valued a "traditional" approach to passing on knowledge.
1636-1862 Aristocratic Period
Harvard graduated its largest class in 40 years with 63 students in the year _____.
1771
19 new colleges were founded between _____ and _____.
1782 and 1802
Colleges were viewed as a "way of life" in the year ____
1820
The first PHD was awarded from an American University, when and where?
1861, Yale
Agriculture was added to the curriculum
1862
The Meritocratic Period in Higher Education started with the Morrill Act and ended with the Civil Rights Movement.
1862 - 1950s/60s
1884 only ___ out of ____ professors at Harvard had a PhD
19 out of 189
By ___ a Phd was mandatory in order to be a professor at Harvard
1905
The Egalitarian Period of Higher Education starts at the Civil Rights Movement and continues into the present
1950s/60s - now
In ____ society starts to critique higher education.
1984
in 1936 only ____% of the population had graduated from college.
5
Puritans opened a college ______ years after settling in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.
6
1987 "College: The Undergraduate Experience in America" by ___
Boyer
The _____ war brought about technological and science knowledge that required an even more advanced course offering from colleges.
Civil
Scholarship to Boyer
Discovery, integration, application, teaching
Morrill Land Grant Act (1862)
Eachstatewasgiven30,000acresbythefederalgovernmenttoestablishauniversity.
1 million veterans enrolled in college
In 1946
In 1867 _________ was built in Baltimore using a " Scholar-Researcher" Concept.
Johns Hopkins University
The curriculum went from Greek, Latin, and Literature to ____, ____, _____, ____, _______.
Law, politics, chemistry, anatomy, medicine.
The National Defense Education Act (1958)
Made funds readily avaliable to higher education.
During this time research institutions demanded most of the resources.
Meritocratic Period
1770's ____ was powerful politically.
Nationalism
1890 US becomes a world power and ____ becomes the focus of US colleges.
Research
People looked at education differently after the __________ war. They added to the curriculum.
Revolutionary
_____ was added to the mission of higher education in 1920
Service. Making the mission include; teaching, research, and service.
Research institutions put an emphasis on researching new knowledge, not _____
Teaching Undergraduates.
In 1900 _______ Standardized the qualifications for PhD's
The Association of American Universities (AAU)
1920s-1930s births the industrial revolution this makes millionaires become benefactors of colleges.
The Publish or Perish Philosophy is born.
Allan Bloom's "Closing of the American Mind" 1987
The first widely read critique of higher education.
The first two research institutions in the US were.
University of Chicago & Johns Hopkins
1890 colleges start to blend three different educational philosophies.
Utility, Liberal Culture, Research
Who was the "father of the German academy" ?
Wilhelm Von Humboldt
College established before American Independence (1776)
William and Mary, Princeton, Rutgers, Dartmouth, Columbia, Yale, Brown, University of Penn.
_____ brought a new focus on the role of research and research institutions
World War II
The government needed to universities to answer questions about ____ and _____
defense and economic development.
Bloom states _______________
the curriculum has become weak and trendy
