HLHS211 - Nutrition Chapter 3 & 4 Review

The ____ is the smallest living functional unit in an organism. A. cell B. atom C. mitochondrion D. organelle

A

Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system? A. Liver B. Brain C. Pancreas D. Gallbladder

B

Feces form in the ________. A. lower stomach B. esophageal sphincter C. large intestine D. pyloric valve

C

The Tolerable Upper Limit for a nutrient is the A. amount that meets the nutrient needs of 98% of the population. B. minimum amount of the nutrient that can be tolerated on an empty stomach when consumed as a dietary supplement. C. highest average amount that is unlikely to harm most people when consumed daily. D. precise amount proven to cure the nutrient's deficiency disorder in humans.

C

The process of digesting food begins in the ________. A, colon B. liver C. mouth D. esophagus

C

When following recipes, Candice wants to use a type of fat that is not a solid fat. Which of the following fats should she use? A. unsalted butter B. shortening C. walnut oil D. stick margarine

C

A primary function of the digestive system is the ________. A. production of red blood cells B. transmission of nervous impulses C. destruction of toxic metabolic by-products D. breakdown of food into nutrients

D

Blood and blood vessels are primary components of the _____ system. A. nervous B. integumentary C. urinary D. circulatory

D

Coretta has severe chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). To reduce her likelihood of developing heartburn, her physician recommended that she ________. A. avoid high-fiber fruits and vegetables B. eat a small piece of peppermint candy after meals C. drink chocolate milk shakes with meals D. lose excess body fat

D

Donovan wants to consume 3 cups of dairy products daily. According to the USDA, which of the following foods should he eat to replace 1 cup of milk? A. 1.5 oz cream cheese B. 1.5 cups baked beans C. 4 oz American cheese D. 2 cups cottage cheese

D

Dorrie wants to eat a food that is a good source of fiber and phytochemicals. Based on this information, which of the following foods would you recommend? A. brown eggs B. organic chicken C. dairy foods D. green beans

D

Hillary consumed 3 servings of an orange-flavored sugar-sweetened soft drink that provided 140 kcal/serving. This amount of the beverage A. substitutes for 3 eating fresh oranges. B. provides a nutrient-dense source of a watery fluid. C. is nutritionally equivalent to 3 cups of orange juice. D. should be considered a source of empty calories.

D

A food has a pH that is higher than the pH of pure water but lower than the pH of an oven cleaning solution. Based on this information, the food is ________. A. egg white B. lemon juice C. red wine D. black coffee

A

According to the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines, _____ should be consumed in amounts that are as low as possible. A. cholesterol B. grilled legumes C. potassium rich foods D. dietary supplements

A

According to the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines, _____ should be consumed in amounts that are as low as possible. A. trans fat B. grilled legumes C. iron-rich foods D. artificial food additives

A

An _____ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions. A. organ B. anion C. electrolyte D. organelle

A

Food guides generally do not group _____ with dairy foods. A. eggs B. AMerican cheese C. plain yogurt D. pudding

A

Jeremy would like to know the amount of vitamin C that is recommended for his life/stage group. He can obtain this information by A. checking the RDA table for vitamin C. B. reading Nutrition Facts panels to determine the %DV for vitamin C. C. checking an Exchange List for vitamin C intake recommendations. D. reading the ingredients' list on a food label.

A

The Exchange System allows you to A. estimate your carbohydrate intake. B. interpret nutrition information on food labels. C. predict your risk of serious chronic diseases such as diabetes. D. calculate your DRIs.

A

The amount of vitamin C that meets about 98% of the population's need for the nutrient is the _____ for the vitamin. A. RDA B. EAR C. UL D. %DV

A

Three-year-old Amanda does not like to drink milk, but she loves pudding made with fat-free milk. MyPlate recommends that Amanda should consume 2 cups of dairy products daily. According to the USDA, Amanda can meet this recommendation by consuming ____ cups of pudding daily. A. 2 B. 2.5 C. 3 D. 3.5

A

Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome usually includes making dietary changes and ________. A. learning ways to manage stress effectively B. moving to a drier climate C. having the lower third of the colon removed D. reducing physical activity

A

Which of the following foods is considered to be a probiotic? A. Yogurt with live and active cultures of Lactobacillus B. Fresh lean meat C. Breads and cereals made from refined enriched wheat flour D. Eggs laid by hens that consume organic feed

A

Which of the following menu items has major ingredients that represent three different MyPlate food groups? A. Vanilla ice cream topped with peanuts, strawberries, and chocolate syrup B. Fruit smoothie made with vanilla yogurt, orange juice, fat-free milk, and fresh peaches C. Sandwich made with American cheese, chicken, leaf lettuce, sliced tomato, mayonnaise, and two slices of whole-wheat bread D. Casserole made with cooked ham, cheddar cheese, dried apricots, green onions, and milk

A

A nutrition scientist wants to develop a nutritionally complete formula diet for adults who are healthy but need to avoid solid food for awhile. Based on this information, she is likely to refer to _____ when developing the new formula. A. Dietary Guidelines B. DRIs C. MyPlate D. Exchange System lists

B

After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into chylomicrons and enter ________. A. special cells lining the hepatic portal vein B. lacteals within the villi C. the gastroesophageal sphincter D. chyme

B

Avi's salivary glands do not secrete amylase. As a result of his condition, his mouth cannot ________. A. absorb alcohol B. begin starch digestion C. lubricate dry foods D. begin fat digestion

B

Certain organs and tissues use _____ to send messages to target cells. A. enzymes B. hormones C. bonds D. lacteals

B

Felicia wants to meet the MyPlate recommendation for daily consumption of dairy products, which is 3 cups of dairy products. According to the USDA, how much plain yogurt should she eat to replace 1 cup of milk? A. 1/2 cup B. 1 cup C. 2 cups D. 2.5 cups

B

Iron, calcium, and carbon are ________. A. compounds B. elements C. solvents D. bases

B

Jared often eats a large dinner about an hour before he lies down to sleep. Based on this information, he is likely to develop ________. A. Crohn's disease B. gastroesophageal reflux disease C. chronic constipation D. colon cancer

B

Phosphorus, potassium, and sodium are ________. A. compounds B. elements C. electrons D. organelles

B

The primary function of the cardiovascular system is ________. A. production of red blood cells B. circulation of blood throughout the body C. destruction of toxic metabolic by-products D. regulation of body activities

B

The sides of the tongue have taste buds that are only able to detect sweet-tasting items. A. true B. false

B

Tyler smokes cigarettes, drinks excess alcohol, and takes aspirins regularly to treat his headaches. Based on this information, Tyler has a high risk of developing ________. A. cystic fibrosis B. peptic ulcers C. irritable bowel syndrome D. chronic constipation

B

Which of the following menu items has major ingredients that represent four different MyPlate food groups? A. Ready-to-eat cereal with strawberries, blueberries, and fat-free milk B. Casserole made with canned tuna, green onions, noodles, and cheddar cheese C. Toasted cheese sandwich made with American cheese, Swiss cheese, and two slices of buttered whole-wheat bread D. Smoothie made with vanilla yogurt, fat-free milk, orange juice, wheat germ, and fresh peaches

B

According to the 2015-2020 version of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, healthy people should limit their sodium intake to ______ mg/day. A. 300 B. 1000 C. 2300 D. 4300

C

An _____ is a compound that speeds up (catalyzes) a chemical reaction. A. organelle B. anion C. enzyme D. acid

C

Before she shops for groceries, Terry plans several nutritionally adequate daily menus for her family. Which of the following guides is the best menu-planning tool for her to use? A. Recommended dietary allowances B. daily values C. MyPlate D. basic four food groups

C

Chyme is the ________. A. material absorbed by lacteals that the liver must detoxify and excrete B. large particle that transports lipids throughout the bloodstream C. semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach D. organelle that maintains fluid balance within intestinal cells

C

Marcus has an infection that causes a temporary loss of villi. Based on this information, you would expect Marcus to _____ while he has this illness. A. absorb vitamins more rapidly B. digest proteins more efficiently C. lose weight rapidly D. develop gallstones.

C

MyPlate A. uses the same food groupings as the Exchange System. B. classifies olives in the oil foods group. C. can be individualized to meet a person's food preferences. D. was replaced by MyPyramid in 2014.

C

One day, Hillary consumed a handful of peanuts, a bowl of chocolate pudding, a sugar-sweetened soft drink, and three hard-cooked eggs. Which of these foods contains a lot of empty calories and is not a member of one of the USDA's major food groups? A. chocolate pudding B. soft drin C. peanuts D. eggs

C

Which of the following groups of foods is not a major food group of MyPlate? A. Dairy B. Grains C. Oils D. protein foods

C

You are planning a party for a group of college students. Some of the students follow the dietary practices of the Jewish, Islamic, and Mormon religions. Which of the following menu items would be acceptable to everyone at the party? A. Crackers topped with slices of smoked ham B. Cheeseburgers C. Meatless bean dip D. Beer

C

_____ is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells. A. Anatomy B. Chyme C. Metabolism D. Homeostasis

C

Last night, Sara ate French fries, fried fish, and creamy cole slaw. For dessert, she had a chocolate milk shake. About an hour after eating this food, she suddenly complained of severe abdominal pain. Based on this information, Sara probably has ________. A. colitis B. aneurysms C. constipation D. gallstones

D

Today, Sean only ate three sandwiches made with whole-grain buns, 3 slices of cheese, and 10 ounces of roast beef. He also drank 3 cups of orange juice. According to MyPlate, he ate nothing from the food group that includes A. eggs B. milk and milk products C. pudding D. vegetables

D

Which of the following standards can help you compare nutrient contents of packaged foods to make more healthful choices? A. RDAs B. ULs C. AIs D. DVs

D

Which of the following statements about fruits and/or vegetables is false? A. Fruits and vegetables are sources of phytochemicals. B. Vegetables are often good sources of fiber. C. Most fruits and vegetables are naturally low in fat. D. Fruit juices provide more fiber than whole fruit.

D