hlth 250 - module and quiz 1 (introduction to health and wellness)

Which of the following is NOT one of the top ten reported impediments to academic performance?

excessive exercise

Tobacco smoking and the high blood pressure it often causes are responsible for how many deaths in the United States each year?

1 in 5

All of the following contribute to health disparities in America EXCEPT __________.

access to the internet

The perceived source and underlying cause of events in a person's life is that individual's __________.

locus of control

Manuela joined a group exercise class. Her instructor, who was formerly inactive and overweight, participates with the class and also shares personal fitness strategies. In class, Manuela tries to emulate her instructor's moves, and she has also become more physically active as part of her daily routine. Which technique is Manuela using to reach her goal of becoming more fit?

modeling

Mindy wants to lose weight. The fact that her parents engage in regular exercise is a(n)

predisposing factor

Laura now sets time aside to read to her daughter each night before bedtime. This behavior will enhance her daughter's __________.

social health

When Marta's sister gives her affectionate hugs and praises her for her accomplishments, this is an example of which type of positive reinforcer?

social reinforcer

Because it increases one's susceptibility to negative health outcomes, alcohol abuse is an example of which type of behavior?

risk

Actions that increase susceptibility to negative health outcomes are known as __________.

risk behaviors

An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task successfully is the quality known as __________.

self-efficacy

Which behavior change model involves six distinct stages and is also known as the stages of change model?

transtheoretical model

Being able to perform activities of daily living is an aspect of physical health

true

Which of the following is considered one of the greatest public health achievements of the twentieth century?

vaccinations

The word health is often used to mean the same as __________.

wellness

Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of the Healthy People 2020 initiative?

Promoting better quality of life for infants and children only

Jane is sedentary and obese. What effect, if any, do these factors have on her health?

They impede her progress toward high-level wellness.

Missy is motivated to lose weight. She has begun taking a 30-minute walk every morning, has worked with a nutrition counselor to design a new diet, and on Monday will begin following new eating plan. According to the transtheoretical model of behavior change, Missy is in a stage of

action

Dante's friends are all active and enjoy various forms of exercise such as hiking, bike-riding, and going to the gym. As a result, he exercises more than he used to. This is an example of __________.

an enabling factor

Jason is frustrated because he has three projects due at the same time next week and he doesn't believe it's possible to get all three finished. His solution is to forget about the projects and meet up with friends for a night out. Jason has

an external locus of control

Jesse regards walking outdoors with a friend as a sociable and relaxing activity. How she thinks about this activity is her __________.

belief

What is the leading cause of death and disability in America today?

chronic diseases

Going out for dinner at your favorite restaurant as a reward for finishing a big project is an example of a

consumable reinforcer

Johan decides to stop eating at fast food restaurants at lunchtime and to pack a healthy lunch instead. This behavior change is an example of __________.

countering

Americans without health insurance are more likely to _____________ than Americans with health insurance are.

delay medical treatment

Katherine is an energetic, confident student who is not afraid to stand up in front of the class and read her essay aloud. She trusts that even if others don't agree with her point of view, they will still value her as a person and a friend. These traits best demonstrate Katherine's positive

emotional health

Judy is confident in her ability to meet her weight-loss goal. When she notices herself overeating, she makes a plan and takes action to get her diet back on track. Judy

exhibits self-efficacy.

A disabled person can never achieve the highest level of wellness.

false

Atheists cannot effectively practice mindfulness.

false

The ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, and environmental dimensions is the definition of

health

Overall, the leading cause of death for Americans is

heart disease

The two leading causes of death among the overall U.S. population are __________.

heart disease and cancer

Learning specific behaviors by watching others perform them is known as __________.

modeling

In any behavior change plan, stumbling blocks are possible. Which of the following can become barriers to behavior change?

overambitious goals

An adolescent smoker might think lung cancer happens only to old people. This is an example of which factor of the health belief model?

perceived susceptibility

Which dimension of health includes characteristics such as body size and function?

physical

A view of health that sees the development of disease as resulting from an individual's interaction with his or her social and physical environment is the __________.

public health model

Prior to the 1900s, what was the leading cause of death in America?

infectious disease

Based on a recent cholesterol screening, Marlon decided that he has to stop eating so much fast food and get more exercise. Between work and school, his free time is limited, but he is determined to lower his cholesterol level and improve his overall health. The best way for Marlon to stay motivated to improve his diet and work out regularly is to

set reasonable short- and long-term goals and reward himself for meeting them.

Brenda is going on a ski trip over spring break and has 12 weeks to get in shape. She purchased an elliptical trainer and started working out on it for 10 minutes each day. Each week, she will increase her workout by 10 minutes until she can exercise for one hour. If she finds that is too rigorous, she will only add 5 minutes to her workout each week. Which of the following behavior-change techniques is Brenda using to get in shape for her trip?

shaping

Taking small steps to achieve a change in behavior is known as __________.

shaping

The process of taking small individual steps toward a behavior change goal is

shaping

Which of the following were cited by college students in a national survey as major impediments to performing well academically?

stress, anxiety, and sleep difficulties

All of the following are components of "SMART" EXCEPT __________.

superficial