Homework #1 Assignment

4 grams protein = ________ kcal

16

carbohydrates provide the body with ________ kcal per gram

4

the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius

calorie

dietary moderation can be achieved by:

consuming food in reasonable amounts and obtaining nutrients from the food one eats

select the ways grocery stores market their products

end of aisle displays, selection of flooring material, and positioning on shelves

eating controlled by "gatekeepers"

infants

minerals and water do not contain carbon which makes them ________ substances

inorganic

energy source

lipids

smoking affects

lung cancer

nutrient-dense food supplies ________ vitamins and minerals in relation to calories.

more

health-driven food choices

older adults

which of the following results in a loss of nutrients in a food? a. nutritional genomics b. refinement c. fortification

refinement

which of the following statements are true? 1. humans have no internal drive that motivates us to choose a healthy diet 2. to eat well, we need to learn the effects nutrition has on our health 3. humans have an innate desire to eat in a healthy manner that directs us to make appropriate food choices

1, 2

abnormal physiological changes that are observable or measurable as a result of a nutrient missing from the diet may indicate:

a deficiency disease

stimulant effects

alkaloids

place the foods butter, chicken breast, lettuce, and whole milk in order of highest energy density to lowest

butter, whole milk, chicken breast, and lettuce

which of the following are organic nutrients?

carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins

reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration

carotenoids

nutrients can be classified by:

chemical composition, essentiality, and amount body needs

which of the following would be effective in decreasing a person's risk for premature death?

consuming fruits and veggies and exercising regularly

foods that contain a high water content tend to be low in: a. vitamins b. energy c. nutrients d. minerals

energy

rank the order of the three leading causes of death to Americans.

heart disease, cancer, and chronic lower respiratory infections

the body makes ________ amounts of conditionally essential nutrients

inadequate

the process of non-essential nutrients becoming conditionally essential may be the result of:

metabolic disorders, pregnancy, and serious diseases

regulation of fluid balance and formation of structural and functional components

minerals

which of the following nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?

minerals and vitamins

which of the following terms best describes the study of how the body utilizes nutrients?

nutrition

type 2 diabetes and obesity are related to ________ practices common in american society.

poor dietary

T/F: overweight Americans are considered malnourished

true

T/F: the information we have about diet and its relationship to health is constantly changing as new research becomes available

true

consuming a ________ of foods will help make sure that all necessary nutrients are provided in the diet.

variety

regulation of body processes and immune function

vitamins

refined food products will tend to contain less of the following nutrients?

vitamins and minerals

broadened food choices

young adults

carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are all:

classes of nutrients

a person's usual pattern of food intake is called:

diet

a nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a(n) ________ nutrient.

essential

T/F: humans have an instinctual drive that leads us to make healthy food choices.

false

T/F: there are only a few factors that influence a person's eating practices

false

poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. the top two leading causes of death to Americans are ________.

heart disease and cancer

the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 grams of water 1 degree celsius

kilocalorie

what is the term used to describe the intake of a vitamin and mineral that is 10 times the recommended amount?

megadose

a person typically needs strong positive motivation to get them to change their eating behaviors. what are circumstances that will motivate a person to improve ingrained food-related behaviors?

motivated to improve health and desire to gain/lose weight

what term describes a food or beverage that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy value?

nutrient-dense

the body breaks food down into ________ such as carbohydrates, fat, and protein.

nutrients

________ is the study of how the body uses nutrients

nutrition

antioxidant effects, may improve immune system functioning

organosulfides

heredity, lifestyle choices, and nutritional habits are all examples of

risk factors

which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?

water

5 grams fat = ________ kcal

45

what is the substance found in many plants that is not considered a nutrient but has many healthful benefits?

phytochemicals

high-fat diet affects

heart disease

in regards to Healthy People 2020, a major focus of the government is on the ________ of obesity and chronic health problems.

prevention

10 grams carbohydrate = ________ kcal

40

which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense? coffee, fat-free milk, or sugar-sweetened cola drink

fat-free milk

________ is the most essential nutrient

water

what can help ensure nutritional adequacy in a diet?

balance and variety

poor eating habits contribute to the development of:

excess body fat, heart disease, some types of cancer, and type 2 diabetes

may kill certain microbes

glycosides

the process of metabolism includes:

making proteins, eliminating waste, and chemical reaction to supply energy

________ is a state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished.

malnutrition

sun exposure affects

skin cancer

regulation of body temperature

water

which of the following foods would be considered a provider of empty calories?

alcohol, sugar-sweetened soft drinks, and pastries

the dietary supplement and health education act of 1994 allows manufacturers to classify nutrient supplements and herbal products as ________.

foods

most foods contain nutrients from each of the classes of food groups. which food listed below does not follow this pattern?

margarine