Homework #1 Assignment
4 grams protein = ________ kcal
16
carbohydrates provide the body with ________ kcal per gram
4
the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius
calorie
dietary moderation can be achieved by:
consuming food in reasonable amounts and obtaining nutrients from the food one eats
select the ways grocery stores market their products
end of aisle displays, selection of flooring material, and positioning on shelves
eating controlled by "gatekeepers"
infants
minerals and water do not contain carbon which makes them ________ substances
inorganic
energy source
lipids
smoking affects
lung cancer
nutrient-dense food supplies ________ vitamins and minerals in relation to calories.
more
health-driven food choices
older adults
which of the following results in a loss of nutrients in a food? a. nutritional genomics b. refinement c. fortification
refinement
which of the following statements are true? 1. humans have no internal drive that motivates us to choose a healthy diet 2. to eat well, we need to learn the effects nutrition has on our health 3. humans have an innate desire to eat in a healthy manner that directs us to make appropriate food choices
1, 2
abnormal physiological changes that are observable or measurable as a result of a nutrient missing from the diet may indicate:
a deficiency disease
stimulant effects
alkaloids
place the foods butter, chicken breast, lettuce, and whole milk in order of highest energy density to lowest
butter, whole milk, chicken breast, and lettuce
which of the following are organic nutrients?
carbohydrates, fats, and vitamins
reduced risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration
carotenoids
nutrients can be classified by:
chemical composition, essentiality, and amount body needs
which of the following would be effective in decreasing a person's risk for premature death?
consuming fruits and veggies and exercising regularly
foods that contain a high water content tend to be low in: a. vitamins b. energy c. nutrients d. minerals
energy
rank the order of the three leading causes of death to Americans.
heart disease, cancer, and chronic lower respiratory infections
the body makes ________ amounts of conditionally essential nutrients
inadequate
the process of non-essential nutrients becoming conditionally essential may be the result of:
metabolic disorders, pregnancy, and serious diseases
regulation of fluid balance and formation of structural and functional components
minerals
which of the following nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?
minerals and vitamins
which of the following terms best describes the study of how the body utilizes nutrients?
nutrition
type 2 diabetes and obesity are related to ________ practices common in american society.
poor dietary
T/F: overweight Americans are considered malnourished
true
T/F: the information we have about diet and its relationship to health is constantly changing as new research becomes available
true
consuming a ________ of foods will help make sure that all necessary nutrients are provided in the diet.
variety
regulation of body processes and immune function
vitamins
refined food products will tend to contain less of the following nutrients?
vitamins and minerals
broadened food choices
young adults
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and water are all:
classes of nutrients
a person's usual pattern of food intake is called:
diet
a nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a(n) ________ nutrient.
essential
T/F: humans have an instinctual drive that leads us to make healthy food choices.
false
T/F: there are only a few factors that influence a person's eating practices
false
poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. the top two leading causes of death to Americans are ________.
heart disease and cancer
the heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 grams of water 1 degree celsius
kilocalorie
what is the term used to describe the intake of a vitamin and mineral that is 10 times the recommended amount?
megadose
a person typically needs strong positive motivation to get them to change their eating behaviors. what are circumstances that will motivate a person to improve ingrained food-related behaviors?
motivated to improve health and desire to gain/lose weight
what term describes a food or beverage that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy value?
nutrient-dense
the body breaks food down into ________ such as carbohydrates, fat, and protein.
nutrients
________ is the study of how the body uses nutrients
nutrition
antioxidant effects, may improve immune system functioning
organosulfides
heredity, lifestyle choices, and nutritional habits are all examples of
risk factors
which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?
water
5 grams fat = ________ kcal
45
what is the substance found in many plants that is not considered a nutrient but has many healthful benefits?
phytochemicals
high-fat diet affects
heart disease
in regards to Healthy People 2020, a major focus of the government is on the ________ of obesity and chronic health problems.
prevention
10 grams carbohydrate = ________ kcal
40
which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense? coffee, fat-free milk, or sugar-sweetened cola drink
fat-free milk
________ is the most essential nutrient
water
what can help ensure nutritional adequacy in a diet?
balance and variety
poor eating habits contribute to the development of:
excess body fat, heart disease, some types of cancer, and type 2 diabetes
may kill certain microbes
glycosides
the process of metabolism includes:
making proteins, eliminating waste, and chemical reaction to supply energy
________ is a state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished.
malnutrition
sun exposure affects
skin cancer
regulation of body temperature
water
which of the following foods would be considered a provider of empty calories?
alcohol, sugar-sweetened soft drinks, and pastries
the dietary supplement and health education act of 1994 allows manufacturers to classify nutrient supplements and herbal products as ________.
foods
most foods contain nutrients from each of the classes of food groups. which food listed below does not follow this pattern?
margarine