Homework 1

Select the statement(s) that accurately describe homeostasis. The body has the ability to detect change, activate mechanisms that oppose it, and maintain relatively stable internal conditions. The loss of homeostatic control can cause illness but cannot cause death. The internal state of the body is best described as a dynamic equilibrium in which there is a certain set point and conditions fluctuate slightly around this point. Internal conditions are absolutely constant and must not fluctuate within a range. A and C are correct A and D are correct

A and C are correct

Metabolism is the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body inhalation and exhalation. growth and differentiation. anabolism and catabolism. A and C A and D

A and D

The trachea is _____ to the esophagus. posterior anterior dorsal superior

Anterior

Which region is most proximally located? popliteal tarsal planter femoral crural

Femoral

Which of the following does not correctly pair an organ with its organ system? brain; nervous system thyroid; endocrine system liver; digestive system heart; cardiovascular system gall bladder; urinary system

Gallbladder; urinary system

If a response enhances the original stimulus, the system is classified as a ______ feedback system. deficit positive negative neutral

Positive

The most lateral and superior region of the abdomen is called the hypochondriac region. True False

True

This system regulates blood volume and pressure, stimulates red blood cell formation, and controls fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. urinary system digestive system cardiovascular system lymphatic system

Urinary system

The anatomical position is characterized by all of the following except ________. feet flat and facing forward body standing upright face pointing anterior thumbs pointing laterally palms facing posterior

palms facing posterior

Homeostasis is maintained by the nervous and cardiovascular systems. True False

False

Negative feedback is a self-amplifying chain of events that tend to produce rapid change in the body. True False

False

T or F In a negative feedback system, the body will respond to an increased blood glucose level by increasing blood glucose to an even higher level True False

False

The frontal plane passes vertically through the body or an organ and divides it into equal right and left portions. True False

False

The liver is proximal to the diaphragm. True False

False

Lungs are to the respiratory system as the spleen is to the ________ system. lymphatic urinary cardiovascular digestive both A and C

Lymphatic

Three common components of a feedback loop are a stimulus, an integrating (control) center, and an organ system. a stimulus, a receptor, and an integrating (control) center. a receptor, an integrating (control) center, and an effector. a receptor, an integrating (control) center, and an organ system.

A receptor, an integrating (control) center, and an effector

The visceral pericardium is ________ to the parietal pericardium. lateral medial superficial deep

Deep

The phalanges are __________ to the metacarpals. distal superficial proximal lateral inferior

Distal

Feeling for swollen lymph nodes is an example of auscultation. True False

False

Homeostatic mechanisms: keep variables exactly at the set point help to keep a relatively constant internal environment in the body. help to keep a relatively constant internal environment in the body. is considered the cause of most diseases usually operate by positive feedback.

Help to keep a constant internal environment in the body

Your right foot is ______ to your right hand. medial lateral ipsilateral distal proximal

Ipsilateral

The visceral pleura: is the outer membrane on the surface of the lungs is the membrane lining the wall of the lung cavity is the outer membrane on the surface of the heart is the membrane lining the wall of the heart cavity

Is the outer membrane on the surface of the lungs

Blood glucose concentration rises after a meal and stimulates release of the hormone insulin. Insulin travels in the blood and stimulates body cells to uptake glucose from the bloodstream. This reduces blood glucose concentration. This is an example of positive feedback. negative feedback. dynamic equilibrium integration control.

Negative feedback

When body temperature rises, a center in the brain initiates physiological changes to decrease the body temperature. This is an example of disease positive feedback negative feedback a buffer system

Negative feedback

A structure composed of two or more tissues is termed: cell organ system tissue organ

Organ

The arm is ________ to the hand. inferior superior proximal distal

Proximal

After a hectic football game, your son complained of abdominal pains. You suspect injury to the liver because he was hit in the _______ during the game. Left upper quadrant right upper quadrant Left lower quadrant right lowerquadrant

Right upper quadrant

The thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity are lined by mucous membrane serous membrane mediastinum meninges

Serous membrane

The __________ cavity is inferior to the _____________ cavity. cranial; thoracic thoracic; abdominopelvic pericardial; pleural thoracic; peritoneal thoracic; cranial

Thoracic; cranial

A(n) _____________ is a group of similar cells and their intercellular materials in a discrete region of an organ performing a specific function. tisue organ organ system cell

Tisue