How Does the Internet Work
Internet Service Provider
(ISP) a company that provides you internet with a fee, you will be assigned temporary IP address
domain name
The server name always ends with a dot and a three-letter or two-letter extension, is important because it usually identifies the type of organization that created or sponsored the resource. (.org, .edu)
Protocol Stack (aka. TCP/IP protocol)
a built in computer operating system that communicates messages from one computer to another
Domain Name Server
a distributed database which keeps track of computers names and their corresponding ip address
IP Address
also known as internet protocol, each computer has a unique address where numbers must be between 0-255
Router
connected between networks to route packages between each other, acts as a dispatcher to seek best path for information
Hardware Layer
converts binary packet data to network signals and back (aka phone lines)
Transmission Control Protocol Layer (TCP)
directs packets to a specific application using a port number
Internet Protocol Layer (IP)
directs packets to a specific computer using an IP address
ISP Router
examines the destination address in each packet and determines where to send it
Network Service Providers
huge large internet networks like IBM, Sprint, PSI
server name
identifies the computer on which the resource is found.
server name
identifies the computer on which the resource is found. www.smccd.edu/
LAN
is your own local area network
Data sent over the internet are sent in
managible chunks
these chunks of data on the internet are known as
packets
Each NSP is required to
peer with each other to exchange network traffic connect to three network access points interconnect with metro area exchanges
each packet is assigned a
port number to know which program destination needs the message
Application Protocols Layer
protocols sent to specific applications such as a website, or email
Traceroute
shows the path your packets are taken to a given destination
Hypertext Transfer Protocol or HTTP
the application protocol that makes the web work (http://) The protocol identifies the method (set of rules) by which the resource is transmitted
HTML
the language used to write webpages
Ping
when you program the computer to send an internet control message to see the reaction time of your internet