HPEX 353 Exam 2

Failure of the fetal ductus arteriosus to completely close

Patent ductus arteriosus

Considered the most chronic and disabling mental health disorder

Schizophrenia

A round, moon-shaped face is a classic symptom of ____________

Cushing sydrome

A marked psychomotor disturbance

Catatonia

Outward curvature angulation go spine ; round back

Kyphosis

Diabetes insipidus

Classic symptom is polyuria

With proper treatment, what is the approximate healing time for a strain or a sprain?

2-4 weeks

Open or compound fracture

A break in the bone in which there is an open wound leading down to the sit of the fracture or in which a piece of broken bone protrudes through the skin

Closed simple fracture

A break in the bone with no external wound to the skin

Colles fracture

A break in the end of the radius causing the wrist to extend and shorten

Simple fracture

A break in the rub that is broken into two parts ; likely occurs from a blow or direct shock to the thorax

Impacted fracture

A break in which the bone is broken with one end forced into the interior of the other

Communicated fracture

A break in which the bones is broken or splintered into pieces, often with fragments embedded in surrounding tissue

Greenstick fracture

A break in which the bones is partially bent and split, as a green stick or twig goes when bent

Incomplete partial fracture

A break in which the fraction line does not include the whole done (stress fracture)

What is myasthenia gravis?

A chronic, progressive, neuromuscular disease

How might fibromyalgia be described?

Condition accompanied by pain, fatigue, and inability to sleep well

Which of the following statements about latex allergy is correct?

A latex allergy can cause either local dermatitis or very serious anaphylactic shock

What do you recall about cerebral palsy?

A neurological assessment is the first common diagnostic tool

What is the different between a sprain and a strain?

A sprain is the tearing or stretching of a ligament surrounding a joint that usually follows a sharp twist. A strain is a tearing or overstretching of a tendon or a muscle

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

A syndrome that compressed the median nerve in the wrist

Contrary to popular belief, ____________ is not caused by bad patenting or poor teaching

ADHD

Fear of being alone or in open spaces

Agoraphobia

Talipes Valgus

An eversion or outward bending of the foot

Talipes Varus

An inversion of inward bending of the foot

Symptoms of ____________ are weight loss, semistarvation, amenorrhea, and an alteration of body image

Anorexia nervosa

The personality disorder that does not respect the right of others is ____________

Antisocial personality disorder

Atopic dermatitis

Appears to have allergic or hereditary components

Abnormal opening between the two atria

Atrial septal defect

What are possible risk factors for Alzheimer disease?

Autoimmune reactions and cellular changes of viral origin

Decreased motivation

Avolition

Sensory loss in lower extremities

Paraplegia

Alopecis

Baldness

The two different types of bipolar disorder are ____________ and ____________

Bipolar I disorder ; bipolar II disorder

The terms tennis elbow, housemaid's knee, and weaver's bottom refer to what kind of ailment?

Bursitis

Herpes simplex virus type I

Cold sores or fever blisters

A ____________ consists of several boils developing in adjoining hair follicles with multiple drainage sinuses

Carbuncle

Contact dermatitis

Causes erythema and small skin vesicles

Psoriasis

Characterized by high rate of skin cell turnover

What are the two types of orofacial clefts?

Cleft lip and palate

What are the names of five major types of fractures?

Closed simple fracture, open or compound fracture, simple fracture, communicated fracture, impacted fracture

Localized narrowing of the aorta

Coarctation of the aorta

Thyroid cancer

Comes in four types

Cretinism

Congenital hypothyroidism

Impetigo

Contagious streptococcal or staphylococcal skin infection

What is the treatment of choice to control systemic lupus erythematous symptoms?

Corticosteroid drugs

Which of the following is a drug of abuse and addiction?

Crack cocaine

A skin disorder you might find on a person who is elderly, debilitated, or paralyzed is ____________

Decubitus ulcers

Which of the following statements is false?

Delusions and hallucinations can occur in depression

Treatment for borderline personality disorder

Dialectal behavior therapy

Diabetes mellitus

Disorder caused by insulin lack or resistance

Senseless repetition of words or phrases

Echolalia

Persons might receive ____________ for depression if they cannot take antidepressants and their depression is severe and life threatening

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Classic symptom for narcolepsy

Excessive daytime sleepiness

Cushing syndrome

Excessive glucocorticosteroid hormoes

Dermatophytosis is caused by ____________ infections of the skin

Fungal

A ____________ or boil is an abscess involving the hair follicle and subcutaneous tissue

Furuncle

What disease is identified with uric acid metabolism and tophi?

Gout

A tear or stress on the tendon or fibrous tissue connecting posterior thigh muscles to bone is likely called what?

Hamstring pull or strain

Unilateral sensory loss

Hemiplegia

Ruptured of slipped disk

Herniated intervertebral disk

Urticaria

Hives

Acromegaly

Hypersecretion of hGH after puberty

Gigantism

Hypersecretion of hGH before puberty

Myxedema

Hypothyroidism in adulthood

Warts, or verrucae, are caused by the ____________

Infection from papillomaviruses

Acne vulgaris

Inflammatory disease of sebaceous glands and hair follicles

What are the causes of uticaria?

Ingestion of shellfish, nuts, wheat, soy, or eggs

Which of the following is a disorder defined by below-average intellectual functioning with current deficit adaptive behaviors?

Intellectual disability

Can you name the signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis?

Intestinal obstruction and wheezy respirations

How might you best describe an omphalocele?

Intestines or other abdominal organs poke through the navel when the abdominal wall does not close properly

What is known about Parkinson disease?

It has an insidious and slow onset

How might you describe multiple sclerosis?

It is a chronic, autoimmune, progressive, and irreversible disease

What is known about abusive head trauma?

It is not easily diagnosed

What do you know about fetal alcohol syndrome?

It is totally preventable

Pediculosis is skin infestation with ____________

Lice

Inward curvature of the spine ; swayback

Lordosis

Insufficient secretion of ____________ by the posterior pituitary gland causes central diabetes insipidus

Vasopressin

Bipolar is primarily diagnosed due to having both ____________ and ____________ symptoms

Manic ; depressive

Incomplete closure of vertebrae with protrusion of spinal fluid and meninges into the sac

Meningocele

External sac that contains meninges, cerebrospinal fluid, and a portion of the cord and nerve roots

Meningomyeloccele

Which of the following statements is true of obsessive-compulsive disorder?

More common in females than in males

Pattern of lack of empathy

Narcissistic personality disorder

Whereas ____________ refers to factors that are already determined and difficult to alter, ____________ refers to factors determined by individual preferences and outside influences

Nature ; nurture

What is the major cause of intellectual disability?

Neurological disease

Hypopituitarism

Often caused by pituitary or hypothalamus tumors

Where are corns and calluses likely located on the body?

On the toes, epecially the great toe, often from ill-fitting shoes

Bones become brittle and porous ; fracture easily

Osteoporosis

Common among veterans

PTSD

What does PKU stand for?

Phenylketonuria

A ____________ is a persistent and irrational fear of an object

Phobia

Can you name the chronic disease of connective tissue characterized by edema, inflammation, and degeneration of skeletal muscles?

Polymyositis

What is the characteristic symptom in pyloric stenosis?

Projectile vomiting

How is PKU treated?

Protein-restrictive diet for life

Sensory loss in all extremities

Quadriplegia

What is the classic symptom of Tourette Syndrome?

Repeated involuntary sounds or tics and movements

Hypoparathyroidism

Results in hypocalemia

Autism spectrum disorder

Rett Syndrome

Which of the following dermatophytosis matches is correct

Scalp and tinea capitis

Sideward curvature of the spine

Scoliosis

According to the WHO, by the year 2020, depression will be the ____________ leading cause of disability

Second

Herpes zoster

Shingles

What are contributing factors for cerebrovascular accident?

Smoking and high-fat diet

Which of the following is/are treatment(s) for psoriasis?

Soften the scales with petroleum jelly or a preparation containing urea

Incomplete closure of one or more vertebrae

Spine bifida occulta

What are the four most common forms of clubfoot or talipes?

Talipes varus, talipes valgus, talipes quinus, talipes calcaneus

What is known about cleft lip and palate?

The defect may occur singly or together and vary in severity

Incomplete Dislocation

The femoral head is on the edge of the acetabulum

Complete Dislocation

The femoral head is outside the acetabulum

Unstable Hip Dysplasia

The hip can be dislocated manually

Abnormal opening between the right and left ventricles

Ventricular septal defect

Talipes Calcaneus

The toes are higher than the heels (dorsiflexion)

Talipes Equinus

The toes are lower than the heels (plantar flexion)

A potentially fatal complication of Graves disease is ____________

Thyroid storm (a severe episode of thyrotoxicosis)

The thyroid gland secretes the hormones ____________ and ____________

Thyroxine and T3 calcitonin

Need for more substance to achieve previous effects

Tolerance

The abbreviation TEF is used for what disorder?

Tracheoesophageal fistula

Little brain attack

Transient ischemic attack

What is the term used to identify Down Syndrome that name the congenital defect?

Trisomy 21

What is the congenital disease that affects only males?

Undescended testes (cryptorchidism)

What are the three forms of congenital hip dysplasia?

Unstable hip dysplasia, incomplete dislocation, complete dislocation

What kind of therapy might be beneficial for those afflicted with rheumatoid arthritis?

Use of cold compresses on finger deformities