HPX Chapter 4
Of the following polysaccharides, which is digested most rapidly?
Amylopectin
Which type of starch makes up 80% of digestible starches in the diet?
Amylopectin
The liver and muscles are the major storage sites for
Glycogen
Which of the following are common food sources of amylose?
Beans Vegetables Breads
Foods in the Dairy group are rich sources of fiber.
False
Which macronutrient provides 9 kilocalories per gram?
Fat
Which type of carbohydrate is formed by linking many (e.g., hundreds) of glucose units together?
Polysaccharides
Which of the following is a benefit of soluble fiber?
Reduces total serum cholesterol
How is fiber different from starches?
The chemical bonds in fibers that hold the sugar units together cannot be digested, preventing the absorption of these sugars.
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?
To provide energy for the body
True or false: Because of its branched structure that can be broken down quickly, glycogen is an ideal storage form of carbohydrate in the body.
True
True or false: Both fiber and starch are types of polysaccharides.
True
True or false: The primary function of carbohydrates in the body is to provide energy.
True
Vegetables, beans, breads, pasta, and rice are common food sources of
amylose
What is a digestible straight-chain type of starch composed of glucose units called?
amylose
Choose the group of substances that are classified as dietary fiber.
cellulose gums hemicelluloses pectins
What is the major monosaccharide in the body?
glucose
The advantage of the branched structure of ______ is that it allows multiple enzymes to attach to its structure and break it apart quickly.
glycogen
The cellulose in the skin of the apple is primarily ______ fiber.
insoluble
Examples of whole grains include ______.
millet and oats dark rye quinoa
Glucose is the major ______ found in the body.
monosaccharide
Mucilages, lignin, and cellulose are ______.
nonstarch polysaccharides in foods dietary fiber
When many sugar-units (from 10 to 1000 or more) are bonded together, they form a
polysaccharide
Carbohydrates containing many glucose units, from 1000 or more are called _____.
polysaccharides
Complex carbohydrates are also known as
starch
What are some natural food sources of sucrose?
sugar beets and maple sugar
Amaranth, popcorn, whole wheat bread, and wild rice are all examples of ______.
whole grains
Teresa consumes one serving of a food that contains one gram of carbohydrate, one gram of fat, and one gram of protein. What is the total number of calories she is getting from the food?
17 kcal
Amylopectin makes up about ______% of the digestible starches in the diet.
80
Which of the following statements about fiber are true?
A substance found in plants Is a complex carbohydrate Adds bulk to feces
Which macronutrients provide 4 kilocalories per gram?
Carbohydrates
Which fiber type increases fecal bulk and decreases intestinal transit time?
Insoluble Nonfermentable
Which of the following are major storage sites for glycogen?
Liver and muscle
Is milk a natural source of sucrose?
No, it is the natural source of Lactose
Which description best describes a starch?
a carbohydrate made of multiple units of glucose attached together in a form the body can digest
Amylopectin vs Amylose
amylases move sequentially from the ends of chain, t/f branched chains have more places where amylase can start, t/f making blood glucose rise quicker explains why amylopectin has a higher glycemic index
Which polysaccharide is a digestible, branched-chain type of starch composed of glucose units?
amylopectin
Which of the following are examples of polysaccharides?
amylopectin cellulose amylose
Because of its branched polysaccharide structure, ______ is digested more rapidly than ______.
amylopectin; amylose
Name the long, straight-chain type of starch that makes up about 20% of digestible starch.
amylose