Human Anatomy & Physiology Chapter: 10 The Senses

Pain receptors

tissue damage

middle layer

vascular layer

The bony chamber between the semicircular canals and the cochlea is the _____________.

vestibule

The thermoreceptors in the skin are classified as _________ receptors and __________ receptors.

warm, cold

Auditory pathways pass into the ____________ lobes of the cerebrum.

temporal

The ability of the nervous system to become less responsive to a maintained stimulus is called _____________ .

sensory adaptation

List three functions of secretions produced by the lacrimal glands. Moisten the eye surface and lining of the lids Lubricate the eye surface and lining of the lids Contain enzyme that kills bacteria, reducing the risk of infection Diffuse into the eye chambers and help equalize the pressure Contribute to the focusing ability of the lens

1, 2, 3

Which two the following senses use chemoreceptors? Smell Sight Equilibrium Hearing Taste

1, 5

Indicate three of the general senses. Hearing Vision Pain Touch/pressure Temperature Balance

2, 3, 4

Select all that apply Which describe rods? Detection of color. Vision in dim light. Vision in bright light. More sensitive to light.

2, 4

Indicate three visual accessory organs of the eye. optic nerve retina eyelids extrinsic muscles lacrimal apparatus

3, 4, 5

Which three of the following cranial nerves carry impulses from taste receptors? trigeminal hypoglossal facial glossopharyngeal vagus

3, 4, 5

Mechanoreceptors

Pressure and movement

Both the sense of taste and the sense of smell require that: molecules be dissolved in order to bind to receptors and to be sensed large quantities of molecules must be present before any of them can be detected molecules be in contact with the receptors for prolonged periods to be sensed

A.

Fibers from the _____ half of each retina cross over to the other side of the brain at a structure called the optic chiasma. nasal (medial) temporal (lateral)

A.

Name the innermost layer, indicated by the arrow. Select all that apply Which describe rods? Multiple select question. Detection of color. Vision in dim light. Vision in bright light. More sensitive to light. retina posterior chamber iris cornea

A.

Nerve impulses (signals) from the cochlea enter the auditory pathway, then enter the auditory cortices of the ______ lobes of the cerebrum. temporal frontal parietal occipital

A.

Olfactory receptors and taste receptors are examples of _______. chemoreceptors mechanoreceptors photoreceptors thermoreceptors

A.

The receptors for the sense of dynamic equilibrium are housed in what portion of the bony labyrinth? semicircular canals cochlea vestibule tympanic cavity

A.

What is sensory adaptation? A. Ability of brain to become less responsive to some stimuli B. Process of directing incoming sensory impulses to the correct area(s) of the cerebral cortex C. Process of knowing the region of the body that was the source of incoming sensory signals D. Ability of brain to interpret the source and meaning of a stimulus

A.

What is the location of the auditory tube? connects the tympanic cavity to the nasopharynx passes from side of head to eardrum located within the cochlea of inner ear between the eardrum and the oval window

A.

What is the structure of the receptors that detect temperature? Free nerve endings Encapsulated structures Receptor cells that are part of a complex anatomical structure

A.

The cornea of the eye is indicated by which arrow? D C A B

B

Which arrow is indicating the retina? A B C

B

After passing through the optic nerves, fibers from the nasal (medial) half of each retina cross over to the other side of the brain at a structure called the _______. optic tract optic chiasma optic radiation visual cortex

B.

In what part of the inner ear are the organs of static equilibrium located? semicircular canals vestibule cochlea

B.

Pain receptors are sensitive to what type of stimulus? Light touch Tissue damage Movement Moderate temperature changes

B.

The conscious awareness of stimuli is _____. sensation perception

B.

The vascular layer of the eye is the ____ layer. inner middle outer

B.

What part of the ear provides a sense of equilibrium? auditory ossicles semicircular canals cochlea

B.

Where are the olfactory organs located? Within the temporal lobe and limbic system Covering superior nasal conchae and part of nasal septum Superior side of the cribriform plate, in the anterior fossa of cranium

B.

Which arrow is indicating the retina? A B C

B.

The name of the structure indicated by the arrow is the _____. iris lens cornea pupil

C.

What part of the ear provides a sense of equilibrium? cochlea auditory ossicles semicircular canals

C.

Which arrow indicates the ciliary body? A B C D

C

After passing through the optic nerves, fibers from the nasal (medial) half of each retina cross over to the other side of the brain at a structure called the _______. optic radiation optic tract optic chiasma visual cortex

C.

Describe sensory adaptation by taste receptors. They adapt, but very slowly They do no undergo adaptation They adapt quickly

C.

Describe the olfactory bulbs. Sheet of epithelial tissue found at the superior-most portion of the nasal cavities Tract consisting of axons traveling to the olfactory cortex and limbic system Site of synapses between olfactory receptors cells and cells of olfactory tract

C.

Free nerve endings, tactile corpuscles, and lamellated corpuscles are receptors for what senses? Warmth Pain Pressure Sound

C.

Identify the structure indicated in the figure. Superior nasal concha Olfactory tract Olfactory bulb Olfactory organ

C.

In what part of the inner ear are the organs of static equilibrium located? Multiple choice question. cochlea semicircular canals vestibule

C.

Name the structure indicated by the arrow. Lens Cornea Ciliary body Aqueous humor

C.

The classification of sensory receptors as photoreceptors, thermoreceptors, etc., is based on what characteristic of the receptors? Location of receptors in the body Abundance of the particular type of receptor Stimulus type that causes response

C.

The facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves carry impulses involved in the special sense of: equilibrium sight taste olfaction hearing

C.

Identify the structure encircled in the figure. Macula Papilla Auricle Taste bud

D.

The organs for the sense of taste are called _____. taste hairs gustatory cortices papillae taste buds

D.

What is the name of the protective outer layer covering the posterior five-sixths of the eye? Choroid Cornea Retina Sclera

D.

The sense of ___________ equilibrium helps to maintain stability and posture when the head and body are still.

static

Thermoreceptors

Heat/ Cold

_____________ corpuscles are found typically in the connective tissue capsule of synovial joints.

Lamellated

Chemoreceptors

Specific molecules

Taste receptors undergo ___________ very quickly.

adaptation

The __________ is the part of inner ear which functions in hearing.

cochlea

The _____________ is the part of inner ear which functions in hearing.

cochlea

The photoreceptors that provide color vision are called ____________ cells; the ones that provide black/gray/white vision are called ____________ cells.

cones, rods

The sense of ____________ equilibrium aids in maintaining balance when there is sudden movement or rotation of the head and body.

dynamic

The three semicircular canals are the location of the receptors for the sense of _________ equilibrium.

dynamic

The ear is the organ that functions in the sense of hearing. It also functions in the sense of ____________ .

equilibrium

The ___________ and __________ apparatus are visual accessory organs which protect the eye.

eyelids, lacrimal

outer layer

fibrous layer

The ___________ senses include touch, pressure, temperature, and pain.

general

The three sections of the ear are: ___________ ear, _________ ear and __________ ear.

inner, middle, outer

Photoreceptors

light energy

Tears contain the enzyme called ____________ which kills bacteria, reducing the risk of eye infection.

lysozyme

The _____________ ear is an air-filled space that houses the three auditory ossicles.

middle

The auditory tube connects the _____________ ear and the nasal cavity.

middle

inner layer

nervous layer

Pain receptors are also called ____________.

nociceptors

Masses of sensory epithelium on the nasal cavity and superior nasal conchae are the ___________ organs.

olfactory

The middle ear houses the three auditory ___________ which include the malleus, the incus, and the stapes.

ossicles

The interpretation by the brain of incoming sensory impulses is called ______________.

perception

The interpretation by the brain of incoming sensory impulses is called _______________.

perception

Rods and cones contain light-sensitive ____________ that decompose when they absorb light energy, an example of which is rhodopsin.

pigments

The circular opening in the center of the iris is the __________.

pupil

The opening indicated at the end of the arrow is called the ________.

pupil

The light-sensitive biochemical in rods is called ___________.

rhodopsin

The ____________ ___________ provide the fluid in which chemical (food) molecules must dissolve in order for them to be tasted.

salivary glands

The "white" of the eye, forming the posterior portion of the fibrous (outer) tunic, is called the ____________ .

sclera