Human Anatomy Test Chapter 11

The average heart beats about __________ times per minute.

75

The sinotrial (SA) node is indicated by letter

A

A person with a heart rate of 75 beats per minute and a stroke volume of 60 mL per beat has a cardiac output of:

A) 4500 mL/minute

An increase in parasympathetic activity (primarily by the vagus nerves) causes:

A) a decrease in both heart rate and cardiac output

Which one of the following is caused by a decrease in venous return to the heart:

A) a decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output

The brachial vein:

A) drains blood from the radial and ulnar veins, then empties that blood into the axillary vein

What structure divides the left from the right ventricle:

A) interventricular septum

Blood travels to the stomach by way of the branch of the celiac trunk called the:

A) left gastric atery

Which one of the following areas is NOT a pressure point:

A) renal artery

The atrioventricular (AV) node is indicated by letter

B

Which of these arteries is NOT a branch of the abdominal aorta:

B) left common carotid artery

When the ventricles contract, the bicuspid (mitral) valve prevents blood from flowing from the:

B) left ventricle to the left atrium

Which one of the following vessels receives blood during right ventricular systole:

B) pulmonary trunk

The sinoatrial node is located in the:

B) right atrium

The tricuspid valve is located between the:

B) right atrium and right ventricle

A heart rate of over 100 beats per minute is called:

B) tachycardia

The aortic semilunar valve is composed of:

B) three cusps and opens when the left ventricle contracts

The right AV valve is known as the:

B) tricuspid valve

The mitral valve is normally closed:

B) when the ventricle is in systole

Generalized vasoconstriction occurs as a result of:

C) an increase in sympathetic nervous system firing

Which of these pathways correctly traces blood as it travels from the aortic arch to the left arm:

C) aortic arch, left subclavian artery, left axillary artery, left brachial artery

Substances tend to leave the bloodstream at the arterial end of the capillary because:

C) blood pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary

The superior vena cava empties:

C) deoxygenated blood into the right atrium

Which one of the following blood vessels in the fetus has the highest concentration of oxygen:

C) ductus venosus

The layer of the heart wall synonymous with the visceral layer of the serous pericardium is:

C) epicardium

The right and left renal veins empty blood from the:

C) inferior vena cava

The carotid artery is located in the:

C) neck

The friction blood encounters as it flows through the vessels is called:

C) peripheral resistance

The volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle with each beat of the heart is called the:

C) stroke volume

Pulmonary veins:

C) transport oxygenated blood to the heart

Which one is the correct sequence going from the outermost to the innermost layer of a blood vessel wall:

C) tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima

The bundle branches are indicated by letter

D

Which one of the following are direct branches of the left coronary artery:

D) anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries

In which one of the following blood vessels is blood pressure the highest:

D) arteries

Which one of the following are the main functions of renin and angiotensin II:

D) blood pressure falls- this causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure

Varicose veins are caused by:

D) incompetent venous valves

The umbilical vein carries:

D) oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus

Which area of the heart receives blood from the systemic veins:

D) right atrium

Which one of the following does NOT receive blood directly from the aortic arch:

D) right common carotid artery

Which one of the following is true concerning the lub-dup sounds of the heart:

D) the first sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the AV valves; the second sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the semilunar valves

Which one of the following is the main function of renin and aldosterone:

D) they are produced whenever blood pressure falls and ultimately cause an increase in blood volume and blood pressure

The Purkinje Fibers are indicated by label

E

The thick layer of the heart wall that contains contractile cardiac muscle tissue is the:

E) MYOCARDIUM

The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is:

E) arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins

Which of the following blood vessels is a direct branch of the ascending aorta:

E) both the right and left coronary arteries

Which of the following reduces heart rate:

E) high blood pressure

Veins:

E) often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood

Which one of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood:

E) pulmonary vein

Which one of the following represents the correct path for the transmission of an impulse in the intrinsic conduction system of the heart:

E) sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers

The external iliac vein receives blood from all of the following EXCEPT:

E) vertebral vein

Cardiac muscle is enclosed by a double sac of serous membrane known as the peritoneum

FALSE

The chordae tendineae anchor the semilunar valves to the walls of the ventricles.

FALSE

The coronary sinus on the backside of the heart drains deoxygenated blood from the wall of the heart into the left atrium.

FALSE

The semilunar valves prevent the backflow of blood into the atria when the ventricles are contracting.

FALSE

The electrocardiogram (ECG) wave that results from depolarization of the atria is the __________.

P wave

Arteries always carry blood away from the heart.

TRUE

The coronary sulcus is also known as the atrioventricular groove.

TRUE

The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.

TRUE

The tricuspid valve is located on the right side of the heart between the right atrium and right ventricle.

TRUE

Crushing chest pain caused by oxygen deprivation of the myocardium is called

angina pectoris

The pointed tip of the heart that is directed toward the left hip is called the

apex

Larger blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called __________.

arteries

The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as ______, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are known as the____

atria; ventricles

The valves located between the atria and ventricles are known as the ___ valves

atrioventricular (AV)

The pressure blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels is known as __________.

blood pressure

Fluid tends to be forced out of a capillary bed by __________ while __________ tends to draw fluid into the capillary bed.

blood pressure; osmotic pressure

The __________ veins join to form the superior vena cava before emptying into the right atrium.

brachiocephalic

The smallest blood vessels known as __________ connect arterioles and venules.

capillaries

The amount of blood being pumped out of the heart at any time is called __________.

cardiac output

The tiny white chords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricle are called the

chordae tendinae

The complete circle of connecting vessels in the brain is called the __________.

circle of Willis or cerebral arterial circle

When ventricles____ the AV valves are closed

contract

The coronary veins empty blood from the myocardium into a large vein on the posterior side of the heart known as the __________.

coronary sinus

The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is actually the same layer as the

epicardium

The blood vessel that is the immediate inferior continuation of the external iliac artery is the __________.

femoral artery

The flaplike opening in the interatrial septum of the fetus through which blood is shunted directly from the right atrium to the left atrium is the __________.

foramen ovale

__________ are abnormal heart sounds that are fairly common in young children with healthy hearts because their heart walls are relatively thin and vibrate with rushing blood.

heart murmurs

Cardiac output is the product of __________ and __________.

heart rate (HR); stroke volume (SR)

The single vessel that drains blood from the digestive tract organs to the liver is the __________.

hepatic portal vein

A systolic blood pressure reading below 100 mm HG is called __________.

hypotension

A decrease in the elasticity of blood vessels causes arterial blood pressure to

increase

The hormones epinephrine and thyroxine will cause the heart rate to __________.

increase

The vessel that drains blood from all body regions below the diaphragm muscle before emptying into the right atrium is the __________.

inferior vena cava

The partition where the bundle branches are located is called the

interventricular septum

Lack of adequate blood supply to the heart is called

ischemia

During diastole, the pressure in the heart is __________.

low

The flow of blood through a capillary bed is called __________.

microcirculation

The bicuspid valve is also referred to as the ____valve

mitral

The layer of the heart wall that receives the stimulus from letter E is called the

myocardium

The sinoatrial node, located in the right atrium of the heart, is often called the __________.

pacemaker

The amount of friction blood encounters as it flows through the blood vessels is known as __________.

peripheral resistance

The circulation from the heart to the lungs and back is known as _____ circulation

pulmonary

The specific chamber of the heart that is indicated by letter A is called the

right atrium

The term that means heart contraction is __________.

systole

A heart rate over 100 beats per minute is referred to as __________.

tachycardia

Inflammation of varicose veins can result in a clot in that vessel; this condition is referred to as __________.

thrombophlebitis

The innermost blood vessel wall that lines the lumen and consists of cells that fit closely together to form a slick surface that decreases friction and allows blood to flow smoothly is the __________.

tunica intima

Larger veins have __________ to prevent the backflow of blood.

valves

The narrowing of blood vessels is known as __________.

vasoconstriction

The umbilical cord contains an umbilical __________ that transports oxygen and nutrient- rich blood to the fetus.

vein