Human Anatomy Test Chapter 11
The average heart beats about __________ times per minute.
75
The sinotrial (SA) node is indicated by letter
A
A person with a heart rate of 75 beats per minute and a stroke volume of 60 mL per beat has a cardiac output of:
A) 4500 mL/minute
An increase in parasympathetic activity (primarily by the vagus nerves) causes:
A) a decrease in both heart rate and cardiac output
Which one of the following is caused by a decrease in venous return to the heart:
A) a decrease in stroke volume and cardiac output
The brachial vein:
A) drains blood from the radial and ulnar veins, then empties that blood into the axillary vein
What structure divides the left from the right ventricle:
A) interventricular septum
Blood travels to the stomach by way of the branch of the celiac trunk called the:
A) left gastric atery
Which one of the following areas is NOT a pressure point:
A) renal artery
The atrioventricular (AV) node is indicated by letter
B
Which of these arteries is NOT a branch of the abdominal aorta:
B) left common carotid artery
When the ventricles contract, the bicuspid (mitral) valve prevents blood from flowing from the:
B) left ventricle to the left atrium
Which one of the following vessels receives blood during right ventricular systole:
B) pulmonary trunk
The sinoatrial node is located in the:
B) right atrium
The tricuspid valve is located between the:
B) right atrium and right ventricle
A heart rate of over 100 beats per minute is called:
B) tachycardia
The aortic semilunar valve is composed of:
B) three cusps and opens when the left ventricle contracts
The right AV valve is known as the:
B) tricuspid valve
The mitral valve is normally closed:
B) when the ventricle is in systole
Generalized vasoconstriction occurs as a result of:
C) an increase in sympathetic nervous system firing
Which of these pathways correctly traces blood as it travels from the aortic arch to the left arm:
C) aortic arch, left subclavian artery, left axillary artery, left brachial artery
Substances tend to leave the bloodstream at the arterial end of the capillary because:
C) blood pressure is higher at the arterial end of the capillary
The superior vena cava empties:
C) deoxygenated blood into the right atrium
Which one of the following blood vessels in the fetus has the highest concentration of oxygen:
C) ductus venosus
The layer of the heart wall synonymous with the visceral layer of the serous pericardium is:
C) epicardium
The right and left renal veins empty blood from the:
C) inferior vena cava
The carotid artery is located in the:
C) neck
The friction blood encounters as it flows through the vessels is called:
C) peripheral resistance
The volume of blood pumped out by each ventricle with each beat of the heart is called the:
C) stroke volume
Pulmonary veins:
C) transport oxygenated blood to the heart
Which one is the correct sequence going from the outermost to the innermost layer of a blood vessel wall:
C) tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
The bundle branches are indicated by letter
D
Which one of the following are direct branches of the left coronary artery:
D) anterior interventricular and circumflex arteries
In which one of the following blood vessels is blood pressure the highest:
D) arteries
Which one of the following are the main functions of renin and angiotensin II:
D) blood pressure falls- this causes vasoconstriction and an increase in blood pressure
Varicose veins are caused by:
D) incompetent venous valves
The umbilical vein carries:
D) oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus
Which area of the heart receives blood from the systemic veins:
D) right atrium
Which one of the following does NOT receive blood directly from the aortic arch:
D) right common carotid artery
Which one of the following is true concerning the lub-dup sounds of the heart:
D) the first sound is longer and louder and is caused by closure of the AV valves; the second sound is shorter and sharper and is caused by closure of the semilunar valves
Which one of the following is the main function of renin and aldosterone:
D) they are produced whenever blood pressure falls and ultimately cause an increase in blood volume and blood pressure
The Purkinje Fibers are indicated by label
E
The thick layer of the heart wall that contains contractile cardiac muscle tissue is the:
E) MYOCARDIUM
The path of blood flow within the systemic vascular system is:
E) arteries, arterioles, capillary beds, venules, veins
Which of the following blood vessels is a direct branch of the ascending aorta:
E) both the right and left coronary arteries
Which of the following reduces heart rate:
E) high blood pressure
Veins:
E) often have valves to prevent the backflow of blood
Which one of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood:
E) pulmonary vein
Which one of the following represents the correct path for the transmission of an impulse in the intrinsic conduction system of the heart:
E) sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node, atrioventricular (AV) bundle, right and left bundle branches, Purkinje fibers
The external iliac vein receives blood from all of the following EXCEPT:
E) vertebral vein
Cardiac muscle is enclosed by a double sac of serous membrane known as the peritoneum
FALSE
The chordae tendineae anchor the semilunar valves to the walls of the ventricles.
FALSE
The coronary sinus on the backside of the heart drains deoxygenated blood from the wall of the heart into the left atrium.
FALSE
The semilunar valves prevent the backflow of blood into the atria when the ventricles are contracting.
FALSE
The electrocardiogram (ECG) wave that results from depolarization of the atria is the __________.
P wave
Arteries always carry blood away from the heart.
TRUE
The coronary sulcus is also known as the atrioventricular groove.
TRUE
The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
TRUE
The tricuspid valve is located on the right side of the heart between the right atrium and right ventricle.
TRUE
Crushing chest pain caused by oxygen deprivation of the myocardium is called
angina pectoris
The pointed tip of the heart that is directed toward the left hip is called the
apex
Larger blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called __________.
arteries
The two superior receiving chambers of the heart are known as ______, while the two inferior discharging chambers of the heart are known as the____
atria; ventricles
The valves located between the atria and ventricles are known as the ___ valves
atrioventricular (AV)
The pressure blood exerts against the inner walls of the blood vessels is known as __________.
blood pressure
Fluid tends to be forced out of a capillary bed by __________ while __________ tends to draw fluid into the capillary bed.
blood pressure; osmotic pressure
The __________ veins join to form the superior vena cava before emptying into the right atrium.
brachiocephalic
The smallest blood vessels known as __________ connect arterioles and venules.
capillaries
The amount of blood being pumped out of the heart at any time is called __________.
cardiac output
The tiny white chords that anchor the cusps or flaps of endocardium to the walls of the ventricle are called the
chordae tendinae
The complete circle of connecting vessels in the brain is called the __________.
circle of Willis or cerebral arterial circle
When ventricles____ the AV valves are closed
contract
The coronary veins empty blood from the myocardium into a large vein on the posterior side of the heart known as the __________.
coronary sinus
The visceral layer of the serous pericardium is actually the same layer as the
epicardium
The blood vessel that is the immediate inferior continuation of the external iliac artery is the __________.
femoral artery
The flaplike opening in the interatrial septum of the fetus through which blood is shunted directly from the right atrium to the left atrium is the __________.
foramen ovale
__________ are abnormal heart sounds that are fairly common in young children with healthy hearts because their heart walls are relatively thin and vibrate with rushing blood.
heart murmurs
Cardiac output is the product of __________ and __________.
heart rate (HR); stroke volume (SR)
The single vessel that drains blood from the digestive tract organs to the liver is the __________.
hepatic portal vein
A systolic blood pressure reading below 100 mm HG is called __________.
hypotension
A decrease in the elasticity of blood vessels causes arterial blood pressure to
increase
The hormones epinephrine and thyroxine will cause the heart rate to __________.
increase
The vessel that drains blood from all body regions below the diaphragm muscle before emptying into the right atrium is the __________.
inferior vena cava
The partition where the bundle branches are located is called the
interventricular septum
Lack of adequate blood supply to the heart is called
ischemia
During diastole, the pressure in the heart is __________.
low
The flow of blood through a capillary bed is called __________.
microcirculation
The bicuspid valve is also referred to as the ____valve
mitral
The layer of the heart wall that receives the stimulus from letter E is called the
myocardium
The sinoatrial node, located in the right atrium of the heart, is often called the __________.
pacemaker
The amount of friction blood encounters as it flows through the blood vessels is known as __________.
peripheral resistance
The circulation from the heart to the lungs and back is known as _____ circulation
pulmonary
The specific chamber of the heart that is indicated by letter A is called the
right atrium
The term that means heart contraction is __________.
systole
A heart rate over 100 beats per minute is referred to as __________.
tachycardia
Inflammation of varicose veins can result in a clot in that vessel; this condition is referred to as __________.
thrombophlebitis
The innermost blood vessel wall that lines the lumen and consists of cells that fit closely together to form a slick surface that decreases friction and allows blood to flow smoothly is the __________.
tunica intima
Larger veins have __________ to prevent the backflow of blood.
valves
The narrowing of blood vessels is known as __________.
vasoconstriction
The umbilical cord contains an umbilical __________ that transports oxygen and nutrient- rich blood to the fetus.
vein