Human Growth and Development

During a wellness visit for a 4-year-old preschooler, a parent explains that their child enjoys playing games on a computer and asks the nurse about an acceptable amount of screen time for their child. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"An acceptable amount of screen time is 1 hour per day."

A nurse is caring for a client during a prenatal visit. The client states, "Now that I'm pregnant, I drink wine with dinner. I've given up hard alcohol." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"Avoiding alcohol, even wine, is advised during pregnancy since it can cause harm to your baby."

A nurse is discussing climacteric changes that occur during middle adulthood with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the concept? (Select all that apply.)

"Both males and females experience a change of life referred to as climacteric." "Climacteric in females is referred to as menopause." "Climacteric changes in males occur gradually, over a number of years." "Climacteric in females can manifest as heart palpitations."

A nurse is caring for adolescents in a school-based health clinic. Which of the following client statements should the nurse recognize as an indication that the client is experiencing Erikson's stage of identity versus role confusion?

"I think I might be gay."

A nurse is providing an educational session on cognitive development at a community event. Which of the following statements by the nurse are consistent with Piaget's theory of cognitive development? (Select all that apply.)

"Individuals acquire knowledge, intellect, and cognition over time." "Intelligence is a natural ability that develops as a child grows and adapts to their environment." "Children construct knowledge that evolves and changes over time." "Children construct knowledge in new ways at critical points during development."

A nurse is planning an educational session about human growth and development for a group of clients who are pregnant. Which of the following universal principles should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)

Cephalocaudal principle Simple to complex Continuous process Individualized rates

A nurse is preparing an educational session about school-age children to a group of caregivers. Which of the following characteristics should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Egocentrism decreases Begins to understand reversibility Understands events can be interpreted in different ways

A nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child who is newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions by the child should the nurse recognize as characteristic of Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority?

Expresses confidence in their ability to self-administer insulin

A nurse is assessing an adolescent who reports feeling "very depressed." The nurse should recognize that which of the following are signs of increased risk for suicide? (Select all that apply.)

Expressing feelings of gloom and helplessness Expressing loss of interest in activities once considered important Making threats of self-harm Having access to weapons

A nurse is providing prenatal education to a client who is in the first trimester of pregnancy. Which of the following teratogens should the nurse instruct the client to avoid during pregnancy due to the risk to fetal development? (Select all that apply.)

Hyperthermia Uncontrolled glucose levels Rubella Smoking

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to parents of a preschooler who was admitted due to a severe asthma exacerbation. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Instruct on the use of a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). Have family members smoke tobacco products outside of the house. Make changes in the home environment to reduce dust mites. Share the plan for managing an asthma attack with the child's preschool teachers.

A home health nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has hypertension and is living alone. Which of the following health promotion topics should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Maintaining functional capacity Encouraging the use of free-weight exercises Participating in social functions Installing grab bars in the shower

A nurse is planning a health class at a local middle school about puberty during adolescence. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)

Primary sex organs mature during puberty. Puberty begins with a growth spurt in height and weight. Onset of puberty is influenced by genetics, environment factors, and gender. Secondary sex characteristics emerge during puberty.

A school nurse asks a first grader about rules at school. The child responds, "We need to wash our hands before lunch, be respectful to the teacher, and pay attention in class. If we don't, we'll get into big trouble." The nurse should recognize that the child is in which of the following of Kohlberg's stages of moral development?

Punishment and Obedience

A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following topics should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Weight management Glucose testing Daily exercise Foot care