Human Movement Final Exam DeWitt

abduction of the thumb

abductor pollicis longus

bilateral

both sides

scapula is an example of an irregular bone

false

ipsilateral

same side

knee joint is the largest joint in the body

true

central line of pull the quadriceps have on patella is known as

Q angle

approximately 552 muscles in the human body

false

muscle is responsible for flexing the thumb

flexor pollicis longus

performs flexion of the thumb

flexor pollicis longus

does not flex the elbow

pronator quadratus

all or none principle

regardless of number individual muscle fibers within a given motor unit will either fire or conract maximally or not at all

tibia bears the majority of the weight as compared to the fibula

true

bony landmarks on the humerus

1) olecranon fossa 2) lateral condyloid ridge 3) coranoid process

law of inertia

a body in motion tends to remainin motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force

law of acceleration

a change in acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it

flexibility refers to

a range of motion around a joint

when tension is developed in a muscle as a result of a stimulus it is knows as

contraction

not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group

covered by the vastus fascia

following muscles performs extension of the index finger

extensor indicis

ligaments of the elbow include all of the following except

interosseus

structurally the proximal attachment of a muscle or the part that attaches closest to the midline or center of the body is known as

origin

certain places throughout the body such as around joints like the wrist and ankle, fascial tissue forms a ____ to retain tendon close to the body

retinaculum

carpal tunnel syndrome

swelling and inflammation from increased pressure in carpal tunnel that results in decreased function of the median nerve

most commonly injured ligament in the elbow due to throwing is the

ulnar collateral ligament

biomechanics is the study of mechanics related to the functional and anatomical analysis of biological systems

True

muscle responsible for the last 10-15 degrees of full extension is the

VMO

which does not perform wrist extension

abductor pollicis longus

each muscle in the human body may be innervated by a single nerve or multiple nerves

true

football player in a four point stance has more balance than the same football player in a 3 point stance

true

human leverage system is built for speed and range of movement at the expense of force generation

true

illipsoas muscle is commonly referred to as if it were one muscle, but it actually composed of the illacus and the psoas major muscle

true

insertion of the triceps brachii muscle is the olecranon process of the ulna

true

it can be said that the inner 1/3 of the meniscus in the knee is avascular

true

it can be said that the wrist flexor muscles originate at the medial epicondyle

true

it is important to note the illiosoas muscle may be exercised by placing the arms on a dip bar or parallel bars than flexing the hips to lift the legs. This should bee the first started with the knees flexed, then progress to the knees fully extended

true

it is true that the medial condule of the knee is bigger than the lateral condyle

true

the femoral head inserts into the acetabulum to form the acetabular femoral joint

true

the ulna is much larger proximally than the radius

true

anteriorly the ____ligament prevents hip hyperextension

y ligament iliofemoral

which type of muscle contraction is usually utilized in causing an objects deceleration

eccentric

only one of the following are a hamstring muscle, it is located in the _____ compartment

semitendonosus, posterior

both size and shape of bones can limit or allow movement

true

cervical nerves 5-8 throacic nerve 1 form brachial plexis and supplies motor and sensory function to the upper extremity and most of the scapula

true

conscious awareness of the position and movement of the body in space is kinesthesis

true

distal attachments of the radioulnar joint muscles are located on the radius

true

lateral femoral serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella

true

longitudinal bone growth continues as long as epiphyseal plates are open

true

medial epicondylitis is also known as golfers elbow

true

most outer bone is composed of cortical bone with cancellous bone underneath

true

motion of the elbow primarily involves movement between the articular surface of the humerus and ulna

true

motion of the finger metacarpophalangeal joints include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction

true

motions of the wrist joint include flexion, extension, abductioin, and adduction

true

movement of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial aspect or ulnar side of the forearm

adduction

there are eleven muscles that are considered to be intrinsic to the hand

false

while in the anatomical position the radius is medial with respect to the ulna

false

Levers rotate about an axis of rotation as a result of a force being applied to cause movement in the same direction as the resistance

false

antagonist muscles are known as primary or prime movers or muscles most involved in a joint action

false

dermatome=muscle or group of muscles supplied by a specific spinal nerve

false

each finger has three interphalangeal joints while the thumb only has two

false

eccentric muscle "actions" result from isometric muscle contractions

false

femoral condyles articulate with the fibular conydles during flexion of the knee

false

hamstring muscle that is attached to the medial meniscus and MCL is the biceps femoris

false

hitting the funny bone is actually a contusion to the humeral nerve

false

insertion of the brachialis muscle is the coracoid process of the ulna

false

isometric contractions are eccentric or concentric

false

it is the gracilis muscle that is important in helping direct the leg forward so that the foot is placed straight forward in walking and running

false

lateral epicondylitis is a condition that occurs less commonly than medial epicondylitis

false

movement at the elbow by the forearm away from the shoulder is accurately described by the term "flexion"

false

radial flexion is movement of the thumb side of the hand toward medial aspect or radial side of forearm

false

shape and arrangement of muscle fibers affect the muscles ability to relax

false

shape of bones does not limit movement

false

the elbow joint is a hinge type joint that allows for internal and external rotation

false

central, fleshy portion of the muscle is known as

gaster

weakness in the ______ and ____ can result in a ____ gait, which is characterized by the trunk lurching to the side of the weakness when the contralateral pelvis drops

gluteus medias, gluteus minimus, trendelenburg

the muscles exercised effectively in running, hopping, and skipping., in which weight is transferred forcefully from one foot to the other are the

gluteus minimus and gluteus medius

upper two fifths of the pubic bone is

illium

pelvic bone is made up of three bones

illium, ischium, and pubis

the ____ menisci is "O" shaped and the _____ menisci is "C" shaped

lateral, medial

most common bone in the wrist to die due to avascular necrosis is the _____ bone

navicular

contralateral

opposite sides

when implementing any type of jump-landing training, it is imperative that the strength and conditioning professional emphasizes

proper technique

body is able to regulate posture a movement by responding to stimuli originating in proprioceptors of the joints, tendons, muscles, and inner ear

proprioception

which of the following does not contribute to the relative stability of the acetabular femoral joint

rich nervous innervation

bone is often misdiagnosed as a wrist sprain but is actually fractured

scaphoid

normal bony limitation of elbow flexion is limited by the coronoid process fitting into the coronoid fossa

true

patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension

true

patella tendon is actually a ligament because it attaches the inferior pole of the patella to the tibial tuberosity

true

positioning the forearm in pronation reduces the effectiveness of the biceps brachialis in flexing the elbow

true

radial collateral ligament provides lateral stability to the elbow and is rarely injured

true

similar to the shoulder, the hip joint also has a labrum

true

structurally, the distal attachment or the part that attaches farthest from the midline or center of the body is known as the insertion

true

the insertion of the bicep brachii muscle is the radial tuberosity

true

the interphalangeal joints may be actively flexed to a greater degree with the wrist in slight extension as opposed to full flexion

true

there are two major types of fiber arrangements wich are parallel and pennate

true

thumb only has two joints while all the other fingers have three

true

tibial tuberosity serves as the insertion point for all of the quadriceps muscles

true

tuck jump test can be used to measure knee stability and landing techniques (valgus or varus)

true

ulnar flexion is movement of the little finger side of the hand toward medial aspect or ulnar side of the forearm

true

when performing a pushup the bicep brachii is considered to be an antagonist muscle

true

when the arm is held in the anatomical position the radial tuberosity is in close proximity to lateral side of the ulna

true

which of the following could be done to reduce the amount of force needed to move a lever

1) apply the force further from the axis 2)decrease the amount of resistance 3)move the resistance closer to the axis

wrist and hand

1) composed of 29 bones 2) composed of more than 30 muscles 3) contain more than 25 joints

most promising training components seem to be teaching fundamental exercise techniques and ______

1) heightening neural drive and neauromuscular control through plyometric type exercises 2)improving balance and stability focusing on the ankle and hip joint 3)landing principles with the appropriate feedback 4)increasing muscular strength with particular emphasis on the muscle of the posterior chain

inability for female athletes to correctly attenuate high jump landing impact forces through muscle contraction has been linked to

1) incorrect landing technique 2)insufficient strength 3)poor ankle stability 4) lack of balance

which of the following factors may enhance stability

1)lowering the bodys center of gravity within the base of support 2)moving the body center of gravity closer to the center of the base of support

muscle spindles

1)sensitive to streth and rate of stretch 2)concentrated primarily in muscle belly between the fibers 3)insert into connective tissue within muscle and run parallel with muscle fibers

the ___ muscles of the gluteal region function primarily to ___ and ___ the hip

10, extend, rotate

how many bones are located in the wrist and hand, including the radius and ulna

29

olecranon process is located on the medial aspect of the ulna

false

looking at the jump landing program, phase 1 of the program begins with

technique and general strength

not among the general factors that positively affect the achievement of balance

center of gravity falls outside the base of support

law of acceleration

change in acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it

phase 1 of the tuck jump program begins with

technique and general strength

isometric muscle actions

tension is developed within a muscle but joint angles remain constant