Human Movement Final Exam DeWitt
abduction of the thumb
abductor pollicis longus
bilateral
both sides
scapula is an example of an irregular bone
false
ipsilateral
same side
knee joint is the largest joint in the body
true
central line of pull the quadriceps have on patella is known as
Q angle
approximately 552 muscles in the human body
false
muscle is responsible for flexing the thumb
flexor pollicis longus
performs flexion of the thumb
flexor pollicis longus
does not flex the elbow
pronator quadratus
all or none principle
regardless of number individual muscle fibers within a given motor unit will either fire or conract maximally or not at all
tibia bears the majority of the weight as compared to the fibula
true
bony landmarks on the humerus
1) olecranon fossa 2) lateral condyloid ridge 3) coranoid process
law of inertia
a body in motion tends to remainin motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted on by a force
law of acceleration
a change in acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it
flexibility refers to
a range of motion around a joint
when tension is developed in a muscle as a result of a stimulus it is knows as
contraction
not true regarding the quadriceps muscle group
covered by the vastus fascia
following muscles performs extension of the index finger
extensor indicis
ligaments of the elbow include all of the following except
interosseus
structurally the proximal attachment of a muscle or the part that attaches closest to the midline or center of the body is known as
origin
certain places throughout the body such as around joints like the wrist and ankle, fascial tissue forms a ____ to retain tendon close to the body
retinaculum
carpal tunnel syndrome
swelling and inflammation from increased pressure in carpal tunnel that results in decreased function of the median nerve
most commonly injured ligament in the elbow due to throwing is the
ulnar collateral ligament
biomechanics is the study of mechanics related to the functional and anatomical analysis of biological systems
True
muscle responsible for the last 10-15 degrees of full extension is the
VMO
which does not perform wrist extension
abductor pollicis longus
each muscle in the human body may be innervated by a single nerve or multiple nerves
true
football player in a four point stance has more balance than the same football player in a 3 point stance
true
human leverage system is built for speed and range of movement at the expense of force generation
true
illipsoas muscle is commonly referred to as if it were one muscle, but it actually composed of the illacus and the psoas major muscle
true
insertion of the triceps brachii muscle is the olecranon process of the ulna
true
it can be said that the inner 1/3 of the meniscus in the knee is avascular
true
it can be said that the wrist flexor muscles originate at the medial epicondyle
true
it is important to note the illiosoas muscle may be exercised by placing the arms on a dip bar or parallel bars than flexing the hips to lift the legs. This should bee the first started with the knees flexed, then progress to the knees fully extended
true
it is true that the medial condule of the knee is bigger than the lateral condyle
true
the femoral head inserts into the acetabulum to form the acetabular femoral joint
true
the ulna is much larger proximally than the radius
true
anteriorly the ____ligament prevents hip hyperextension
y ligament iliofemoral
which type of muscle contraction is usually utilized in causing an objects deceleration
eccentric
only one of the following are a hamstring muscle, it is located in the _____ compartment
semitendonosus, posterior
both size and shape of bones can limit or allow movement
true
cervical nerves 5-8 throacic nerve 1 form brachial plexis and supplies motor and sensory function to the upper extremity and most of the scapula
true
conscious awareness of the position and movement of the body in space is kinesthesis
true
distal attachments of the radioulnar joint muscles are located on the radius
true
lateral femoral serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella
true
longitudinal bone growth continues as long as epiphyseal plates are open
true
medial epicondylitis is also known as golfers elbow
true
most outer bone is composed of cortical bone with cancellous bone underneath
true
motion of the elbow primarily involves movement between the articular surface of the humerus and ulna
true
motion of the finger metacarpophalangeal joints include flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction
true
motions of the wrist joint include flexion, extension, abductioin, and adduction
true
movement of the little finger side of the hand toward the medial aspect or ulnar side of the forearm
adduction
there are eleven muscles that are considered to be intrinsic to the hand
false
while in the anatomical position the radius is medial with respect to the ulna
false
Levers rotate about an axis of rotation as a result of a force being applied to cause movement in the same direction as the resistance
false
antagonist muscles are known as primary or prime movers or muscles most involved in a joint action
false
dermatome=muscle or group of muscles supplied by a specific spinal nerve
false
each finger has three interphalangeal joints while the thumb only has two
false
eccentric muscle "actions" result from isometric muscle contractions
false
femoral condyles articulate with the fibular conydles during flexion of the knee
false
hamstring muscle that is attached to the medial meniscus and MCL is the biceps femoris
false
hitting the funny bone is actually a contusion to the humeral nerve
false
insertion of the brachialis muscle is the coracoid process of the ulna
false
isometric contractions are eccentric or concentric
false
it is the gracilis muscle that is important in helping direct the leg forward so that the foot is placed straight forward in walking and running
false
lateral epicondylitis is a condition that occurs less commonly than medial epicondylitis
false
movement at the elbow by the forearm away from the shoulder is accurately described by the term "flexion"
false
radial flexion is movement of the thumb side of the hand toward medial aspect or radial side of forearm
false
shape and arrangement of muscle fibers affect the muscles ability to relax
false
shape of bones does not limit movement
false
the elbow joint is a hinge type joint that allows for internal and external rotation
false
central, fleshy portion of the muscle is known as
gaster
weakness in the ______ and ____ can result in a ____ gait, which is characterized by the trunk lurching to the side of the weakness when the contralateral pelvis drops
gluteus medias, gluteus minimus, trendelenburg
the muscles exercised effectively in running, hopping, and skipping., in which weight is transferred forcefully from one foot to the other are the
gluteus minimus and gluteus medius
upper two fifths of the pubic bone is
illium
pelvic bone is made up of three bones
illium, ischium, and pubis
the ____ menisci is "O" shaped and the _____ menisci is "C" shaped
lateral, medial
most common bone in the wrist to die due to avascular necrosis is the _____ bone
navicular
contralateral
opposite sides
when implementing any type of jump-landing training, it is imperative that the strength and conditioning professional emphasizes
proper technique
body is able to regulate posture a movement by responding to stimuli originating in proprioceptors of the joints, tendons, muscles, and inner ear
proprioception
which of the following does not contribute to the relative stability of the acetabular femoral joint
rich nervous innervation
bone is often misdiagnosed as a wrist sprain but is actually fractured
scaphoid
normal bony limitation of elbow flexion is limited by the coronoid process fitting into the coronoid fossa
true
patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension
true
patella tendon is actually a ligament because it attaches the inferior pole of the patella to the tibial tuberosity
true
positioning the forearm in pronation reduces the effectiveness of the biceps brachialis in flexing the elbow
true
radial collateral ligament provides lateral stability to the elbow and is rarely injured
true
similar to the shoulder, the hip joint also has a labrum
true
structurally, the distal attachment or the part that attaches farthest from the midline or center of the body is known as the insertion
true
the insertion of the bicep brachii muscle is the radial tuberosity
true
the interphalangeal joints may be actively flexed to a greater degree with the wrist in slight extension as opposed to full flexion
true
there are two major types of fiber arrangements wich are parallel and pennate
true
thumb only has two joints while all the other fingers have three
true
tibial tuberosity serves as the insertion point for all of the quadriceps muscles
true
tuck jump test can be used to measure knee stability and landing techniques (valgus or varus)
true
ulnar flexion is movement of the little finger side of the hand toward medial aspect or ulnar side of the forearm
true
when performing a pushup the bicep brachii is considered to be an antagonist muscle
true
when the arm is held in the anatomical position the radial tuberosity is in close proximity to lateral side of the ulna
true
which of the following could be done to reduce the amount of force needed to move a lever
1) apply the force further from the axis 2)decrease the amount of resistance 3)move the resistance closer to the axis
wrist and hand
1) composed of 29 bones 2) composed of more than 30 muscles 3) contain more than 25 joints
most promising training components seem to be teaching fundamental exercise techniques and ______
1) heightening neural drive and neauromuscular control through plyometric type exercises 2)improving balance and stability focusing on the ankle and hip joint 3)landing principles with the appropriate feedback 4)increasing muscular strength with particular emphasis on the muscle of the posterior chain
inability for female athletes to correctly attenuate high jump landing impact forces through muscle contraction has been linked to
1) incorrect landing technique 2)insufficient strength 3)poor ankle stability 4) lack of balance
which of the following factors may enhance stability
1)lowering the bodys center of gravity within the base of support 2)moving the body center of gravity closer to the center of the base of support
muscle spindles
1)sensitive to streth and rate of stretch 2)concentrated primarily in muscle belly between the fibers 3)insert into connective tissue within muscle and run parallel with muscle fibers
the ___ muscles of the gluteal region function primarily to ___ and ___ the hip
10, extend, rotate
how many bones are located in the wrist and hand, including the radius and ulna
29
olecranon process is located on the medial aspect of the ulna
false
looking at the jump landing program, phase 1 of the program begins with
technique and general strength
not among the general factors that positively affect the achievement of balance
center of gravity falls outside the base of support
law of acceleration
change in acceleration of a body occurs in the same direction as the force that caused it
phase 1 of the tuck jump program begins with
technique and general strength
isometric muscle actions
tension is developed within a muscle but joint angles remain constant
