Human Resource Test 2

Which term refers to a detailed description of a situation that trainees analyze and discuss and is designed to develop higher-order thinking skills?

a case study

Selection decisions should be

a combination of ability and motivation of the candidate.

The glass ceiling is likely caused by

a lack of access to developmental job experiences and relationships.

Which work setting is most likely to benefit from team training?

a military brigade

Elvis is hired as a seasonal firefighter by the Washington Department of Forestry. The training used to prepare Elvis for his firefighting job involves an online training module. In this game-like module, Elvis is virtually placed in a real-life scenario such as a wildfire, resort fire, or residential cabin fire, and his goal is to assist in its containment or to extinguish the fire and save as many lives as possible. This form of training is referred to as

a simulation

A learning management system is best described as

a software application that automates the administration, development, and delivery of training programs.

__________ involves training sessions in which participants observe other people demonstrating the desired behavior, then have opportunities to practice the behavior themselves.

Behavior modeling

Identify the similarity between the outsourcing and overtime strategies for avoiding a labor shortage.

Both strategies are easy to reverse.

What is a step a downsized company can take to counter negative employee emotions?

Build confidence in the company's plans for a stronger future.

Managers provide for __________, a combination of formal education, job experiences, relationships, and assessment of personality and abilities to help employees prepare for the future of their careers.

employee development

Which type of training allows trainees at different locations to attend programs online, using their computers to view lectures, participate in discussions, and share documents?

distance learning

__________ refers to a process of systematically developing training to meet specified needs.

instructional design

According to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, Extroverted types (E) gain energy through

interpersonal relationships.

Behavior modeling is especially useful for improving

interpersonal skills.

Managers are most likely to support training if

it will solve a significant problem

A chart that lists job categories held in one period and shows the proportion of employees in each of those categories in a future period is called a

transitional matrix.

Which category in the DiSC inventory means that a person emphasizes relationships and displays optimism?

influence

__________ is the limit on training's effectiveness that arises from the conditions within the organization.

A situational constraint

What guideline helps increase the readability of training materials?

Add checklists and illustrations to clarify the text.

Which statement about apprenticeships is true?

An apprentice usually assists a certified tradesperson at the worksite.

Which statement regarding job performance tests is true?

Applicants feel they are fair.

__________ training remains the most widely used method of training in the workplace.

Classroom

The human resource department of a consumer electronics manufacturer wants to set up a learning management system for its global sales force. This way, sales personnel can get training in new models and product lines even while on the road, and managers can ensure their employees are keeping up to date. The HR manager looks into "training systems" and identifies five top results. Which system describes a learning management system?

Crimson: a system that automates the process of administering and delivering training

Which statement regarding downsizing is true?

Downsizing often disrupts the social networks through which people are creative and flexible.

The human resource department at an accounting firm is preparing a policy for the drug testing of job applicants. Jonah makes a list of statements to include in the policy and shows the list to his supervisor, Porsche. Which statement would Porsche direct Jonah to change?

Drug test reports will not be sent to applicants.

__________ formally lay out the steps employees may take to appeal an employer's decision to terminate them.

Due-process policies

What is a potential problem of job rotation?

Employees typically develop a short-term perspective on problems and solutions.

What is a requirement under the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986?

Employers must verify and maintain records on the legal rights of applicants to work in the United States.

__________ states that if there is no specific employment contract saying otherwise, the employer or employee may end an employment relationship at any time, regardless of cause.

Employment at will

Which statement regarding internal recruitment sources is true?

Internal recruiting minimizes the possibility of unrealistic employee expectations.

What is a benefit of relying on internal recruitment sources to find potential employees? Question 23 options:

Internal sources are generally cheaper and faster than other means.

Why is temporary employment popular with employers?

It gives employers flexibility in operations.

Which statement about content validity is true?

It is usually measured on the basis of expert judgment.

Which statement about predictive validation is true?

It uses the test scores of all applicants and looks for a relationship between the scores and future performance.

A human resource manager at an electronics firm observes that many employees who are reaching the traditional retirement age are not interested in leaving the organization. Which statement best explains the reason for this trend among older employees?

Jobs are becoming less physically demanding.

What is a characteristic of a successful formal mentoring program?

Managers are rewarded for employee development.

The HR department at a company recently developed and employed a certain test in the selection process for managers. After observing trends within the organization, the HR department concluded that the test was not a valid selection criterion. What most likely led to the observation that the test was not valid?

Managers who performed well on the tests performed poorly in their roles.

Which person demonstrates an experiential training method?

Maurice and his colleagues take part in a wall-climbing activity sponsored by their company.

According to the lifestyle dichotomy of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, individuals with a __________ preference enjoy surprises and dislike deadlines.

Perceiving (P)

What is the difference between predictive validation and concurrent validation?

Predictive validation correlates future job performance and applicant test scores; concurrent validation does not.

__________ exists when employees are able and eager to learn and when their organizations encourage learning.

Readiness for training

__________ influence the kinds of job applicants an organization reaches.

Recruitment sources

Which option helps identify employees' preferences for working in different types of environments, such as sales and counseling?

Self-Directed Search

__________ refers to the ways an organization's people encourage training.

Social support

The __________ is a self-assessment tool that helps employees identify their occupational and job interests.

Strong-Campbell inventory

__________ is the process of identifying and tracking high-potential employees who will be able to fill top management positions when they become vacant.

Succession planning

__________ is a training method that coordinates the performance of individuals who work together to achieve a common goal.

Team training

Which statement about the relationship between training and development is accurate?

The goal of training is preparation for the current job, while the goal of development is preparation for future job opportunities.

A strategic approach to selection requires ways to measure the effectiveness of selection tools. What is a basic standard for this?

The method offers practical value.

A company uses simulators to train its cable installers. Several employees who completed the simulation training did not pass the test in which they were supposed to demonstrate the necessary skills. The training manager investigated and identified the source of the problem. What is the most likely source?

The simulation contained elements unlike those found in the company's work environment.

The training coordinator at a company inspected the written materials for a new training program and concluded that the materials were not easily readable. Which condition would most likely lead him to this conclusion?

The training material consisted of too many long sentences.

Which statement about referrals is true?

The use of referrals can contribute to nepotism.

What is a disadvantage of using temporary and contract workers?

These workers tend to be less committed to an organization

Which statement is true about cognitive ability tests?

They are especially valid for jobs requiring adaptability.

Which statement about simulators used in training is true?

They must have elements identical to those found in the work environment.

What is true of companies that use a "lead-the-market" pay strategy?

They pay more than the current market wages for a job.

__________ requires that employees actually learn the content of the training program and that the necessary conditions are in place for employees to apply what they learned.

Transfer of training

What is a benefit of applying statistical methods to HR forecasting?

Under the right conditions, they provide predictions that are much more precise than a human forecaster's subjective judgment.

What is true of validity?

Validity ensures the fairness of employment practices during selection procedures.

Which question is permissible to ask in job applications and interviews?

Will you need any reasonable accommodation for this hiring process?

A team of employees at an online retailing company are being trained on cyber surveillance and user security. As part of their training, they are working to identify a solution to the problem of cyber-phishing and data breaches. Which group-building method is being employed by this team?

action learning

Which form of group building results in employees who are able to apply what they learn because it involves real problems the organization is facing?

action learning

The final step in the career management process is

action planning and follow-up.

Job enlargement is defined as

adding challenges or new responsibilities to employees' current jobs

Which form of experiential training is a teamwork and leadership training program that uses challenging, structured outdoor activities?

adventure learning

The difference between adventure learning and cross-training is that

adventure learning helps team members understand themselves and each other, while cross-training helps team members learn each other's job roles.

Generally, an organization checks references

after it has determined that an applicant is a finalist for a job.

The decision-making dimension of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator relates to the

amount of consideration given to others' feelings when making a decision.

A transfer typically is

an assignment of an employee to a position in a different area of the company, usually in a lateral move

A firm that specializes in building construction hires Marlin to work in its carpentry division. Since Marlin does not have the required skills to work as a carpenter, he is provided training that helps him pick up carpentry skills on the job. Marlin learns by assisting other master carpenters and journeymen. In addition to the skills Marlin acquires, he is paid by the company. The form of training exemplified in this scenario is called a(n)

apprenticeship.

When medical examinations are used for job candidates, they

are best conducted after a candidate has been given a job offer.

For what purpose do organizations typically review applicant résumés?

as a basis for deciding which candidates to investigate further

Which action during the selection process would be illegal under the equal employment opportunity laws?

asking candidates how close they are to retirement age

__________ helps employees select development activities that prepare them to meet their career goals.

career management

Which occupation would be most likely to employ an apprentice?

carpenter

A peer or manager who works closely with employees to motivate them, help them develop their skills, and provide reinforcement and feedback is known as a

coach

For tests that measure abstract qualities such as intelligence or leadership skills, validity would best be established by __________ validation.

construct

The consistency between test items or problems and the kinds of situations or problems that occur in a job is known as __________ validity.

content

__________ trains a team on how to share information and decisions to obtain the best team performance.

coordination training

Information that measures the degree to which two sets of numbers are related are known as

correlation coefficients.

Which measure of validity is based on showing a substantial correlation between test scores and job performance scores?

criterion-related validity

Team training in which team members understand and practice each other's skills so that they are prepared to step in and take another member's place is referred to as

cross- training

If a person who is a reference gives negative information about a job candidate, there is a chance the candidate will claim __________, meaning the person damaged the applicant's reputation by making statements that cannot be proved truthful.

defamation

__________ increases an employee's ability to move into jobs that may not yet exist.

development

A company hires Bradley as a supervisor in the company. It has an implied understanding that both the employer and the employee have the right to end their relationship at any time they desire. In the context of personnel policies, the relationship between the company and Bradley is based on the

employment-at-will policy.

Which method of recruiting focuses on candidates who are already employed elsewhere?

executive search firms

A(n) __________ is a training method in which participants learn concepts and then apply them by simulating the behaviors involved and analyzing the activity, connecting it with real-life situations.

experiential program

Which of these is a "Big Five" personality trait?

extroversion

The step in the career management process in which employees receive information about their skills and knowledge and where these assets fit into the organization's plans is called

feedback

Why might an organization demote employees to a lower-level position?

for employees to learn different skills

The four general approaches that companies use for employee development include

formal education, assessment, job experiences, and interpersonal relationships.

Organizations carry out human resource planning to

gain an advantage over competitors.

A selection method that is valid in other contexts beyond the context for which it was developed is known as a(n) __________ method.

generalizable

What is the most widespread method for eliminating labor shortages?

hiring temporary workers

In the feedback step of the career management process, the employee is primarily responsible for

identifying what skills they could realistically develop in light of the opportunities available.

Review of résumés is most valid when the content of the résumés is evaluated

in terms of the elements of a job description.

The combination of relationships, problems, demands, tasks, and other features of an employee's jobs is referred to as

job experiences.

The process of communicating information about a job vacancy on company bulletin boards, in employee publications, on corporate intranets, and anywhere else an organization communicates with employees is referred to as

job posting.

Which of these is an internal source of recruitment?

job postings on a bulletin board

Which occupation would most likely employ interns?

journalist

What is a limitation of cognitive ability tests?

legal issues related to administering the tests

Organization analysis looks at training needs in light of the

management's support for training activities.

What is a characteristic of effective training objectives?

measurable performance standards

Job rotation involves

moving an employee through a series of job assignments in one or more functional areas of the company.

What does a correlation of 0 mean?

no correlation

A __________ interview generally includes open-ended questions about the candidate's strengths, weaknesses, career goals, and work experience, but they do not have great reliability.

nondirective

A firm that builds enterprise resource planning products for customers wants to implement training programs for its employees as an HR initiative. Senior management proposes the use of an instructional design process. What should ideally be the company's next step?

organization analysis

Formal education as an approach to employee development includes

organizations organizing structured educational programs at the workplace or off-site to support employee development.

Which test is a legal means to test the integrity of job applicants and generally involves asking applicants directly about their attitudes toward theft and their own experiences with theft?

paper-and-pencil honesty test

An employee's tolerance for uncertainty and the ability to get along with others are assessed with

personality tests.

Which aspect of recruitment is most likely to affect the nature of the positions that are vacant?

personnel policies

In the context of human resource planning, the primary goal of forecasting is to

predict labor shortages or surpluses in specific areas of an organization.

Selection methods should accurately predict how well individuals perform, and they should

produce information that actually benefits the organization.

A(n) __________ involves moving an employee into a position with greater challenges, more responsibility, and more authority than in the previous job.

promotion

A(n) __________ career frequently changes based on changes in a person's interests, abilities, and values and in the work environment.

protean

Which method of recruiting does not charge for its services and may include a partnership with nonprofit groups to meet the needs of the community?

public employment agencies

What is a challenge associated with an outsourcing strategy?

quality-control problems

In the context of principles of learning, which term is defined as the difficulty level of written materials?

readability

In the context of managing human resources, the process of __________ creates a buffer between planning and the actual selection of new employees.

recruiting

While applying for the position of administrative assistant, a candidate was asked to provide the name and phone number of her previous supervisor. She was also provided the alternative of presenting a letter from her previous supervisor vouching for her performance on the job. Which tool used in the initial selection process is illustrated in this case?

references

The __________ of a type of measurement indicates how free that measurement is from random error.

reliability

In __________, a participant takes the part of a manager or employee in a situation involving the skills to be assessed.

role-plays

Providing employees with the opportunity to get away from the day-to-day stresses of their job and acquire new skills and perspectives is known as a(n)

sabbatical

Ensuring that employees are ready for training in terms of their attitudes, motivation, basic skills, and work environment is the __________ step of the instructional design process.

second

Which activity is most appropriate for the first step of the career management process?

self-assessment

What trait is typically found in a conscientious person?

self-controlled

Which training method involves representing a real-life situation with trainees making decisions resulting in outcomes that mirror what would happen on the job?

simulation

Implementation of an HR strategy that ties planning and recruiting to an organization's strategy and to its efforts to develop employees becomes a complete program of

talent management.

A correlation coefficient of -1.0 between two sets of numbers indicates

that when one set of numbers goes up, the other set goes down.

Which law requires employers to make "reasonable accommodation" to individuals with physical limitations?

the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1991

What is a disadvantage of using résumés as a source of information about job applicants?

the content of the résumé is controlled by the applicant.

In a person analysis, what is a primary variable that can be affected by training?

the employee's ability

Needs assessment is best described as

the process of evaluating the organization, individual employees, and employees' tasks to determine what kinds of training are necessary.

What is true of in-basket exercises?

they simulate the administrative tasks of a manager's job, using a pile of documents for the employee to handle.

What is the organization's responsibility in the goal-setting stage of the career management process?

to ensure that the goal is specific, challenging, and attainable

Which term is defined as an organization's planned effort to help employees acquire job-related knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors?

training

Most companies use __________ moves as an option for employee development.

upward, downward, and lateral

What is a computer-based technology that provides an interactive, three-dimensional learning experience?

virtual reality

Reliability answers the important question of

whether you are measuring something accurately.