Human Sexuality Exam 1
Which of the following belief systems actively promotes sexual activity—oral sex, sensual touching, and intercourse—for spiritual growth and harmony in addition to procreation? (Judaism, Islam, Buddhism, OR Taoism)?
Taoism
What do follow-up analyses on an unusual study of two identical twin boys, one of whom experienced a circumcision accident, was subsequently raised as a female, and received appropriate sex-change surgery, reveal? -That socialization plays an even greater role in gender-identity formation than was originally assumed. -That some intersexed children may not be as psychosexually neutral at birth as originally believed. Clear evidence that gender identity is psychologically neutral at birth. -The efficacy of sex reassignment of children.
That some intersexed children may not be as psychosexually neutral at birth as originally believed
A blending of typical male and female behaviors in one individual is referred to as: androgyny. intersexed. gender dysphoria. transgendered.
androgyny.
As a result of androgen insensitivity syndrome, ____. external genitals of the male newborn are abnormally large external genitals of the female newborn are normal, but there are no ovaries present external genitals of the male fetus fail to differentiate, so that the newborn has normal-looking female external genitals external genitals of the female fetus fail to differentiate, so that the newborn has normal-looking male external genitals
external genitals of the male fetus fail to differentiate, so that the newborn has normal-looking female external genitals
As a result of androgen insensitivity syndrome, ____. external genitals of the male newborn are abnormally large external genitals of the female newborn are normal, but there are no ovaries present external genitals of the male fetus fail to differentiate, so that the newborn has normal-looking female external genitals external genitals of the female fetus fail to differentiate, so that the newborn has normal-looking male external genitals
external genitals of the male newborn are abnormally large
The fringe-like projections at the end of each fallopian tube are called: cilia. fimbriae. myometria. ovarian receptors.
fimbriae
When we meet someone new and identify them as male or female, we will expect them to behave in certain ways. This illustrates: -gender assumptions. -gender identity. -gender roles. -sexual orientation.
gender assumptions
When asked whether she is a boy or a girl, three-year-old Marga enthusiastically states "I'm a girl!" Marga's response indicates that she has a clearly defined: gender role. sexual orientation. gender type. gender identity.
gender identity
How one psychologically perceives oneself as either male or female is known as: maleness and femaleness. gender identity. gender. gender role.
gender identity.
When asked whether she is a boy or a girl, three-year-old Marga enthusiastically states "I'm a girl!" Marga's response indicates that she has a clearly defined: gender role. sexual orientation. gender type. gender identity.
gender identity.
When his older sister teases him, nine-year-old Tyrone does not cry because he has learned that boys are not supposed to cry. This exemplifies the concept of: -gender identity. -sexual orientation. -gender role. -gender type.
gender role
Which of the following hormones helps to regulate the menstrual cycle and to stimulate development of the uterine lining in preparation for pregnancy? estrogen progesterone androgen estradiol
progesterone
An oophorectomy is the surgical removal of: the ovaries. the uterus. cancerous cervical tissue. the fallopian tubes.
the ovaries.
T or F: In general, Asian Americans are less likely to engage in premarital intercourse than Hispanic Americans or African Americans.
true
A man quits dating a woman who openly expresses her interest in and enjoyment of sex, calling her a "sleaze." He behaves the same way and is perceived as a "stud." According to the text, the gender-role assumption underlying this behavior is: -men as initiators, and women as recipients. -women as controllers, and men as movers. -women as undersexed, and men as oversexed. -men as unemotional, and women as nurturing.
women as undersexed, and men as oversexed.
Differences between the male and female hypothalamus are associated with the presence or absence of ____ during prenatal differentiation. Müllerian inhibiting substance progesterone testosterone estrogen
testosterone
The opposing images of women as the virgin Madonna and evil temptress Eve was crystallized during:
the Middle Ages.
Our biological sex is determined by: hormones. the chromosomal makeup of the sperm and ovum at conception. the 21st pair of chromosomes. the biological mother.
the chromosomal makeup of the sperm and ovum at conception.
Which is MOST accurate with respect to sexualization of the media?
Greater sexualization of the media has accompanied the technological advances of TV, the Internet, and magazines.
T or F: Uterine contractions associated with dysmenorrhea are caused by an overproduction of prostaglandins.
T
T or F: When overall gender equality is greater, individuals of both sexes see male and female sexuality more similarly.
T
T or f: A person whose gender identity is opposite to his or her biological sex is called a transvestite, and usually has a heterosexual orientation.
T
Which of the following statements regarding estrogens is FALSE? Estrogens influence the development of female physical sex characteristics. A main function of estrogen is to stimulate the development of the uterine lining in preparation for pregnancy. Small amounts of estrogens are secreted from the adrenal glands. Estrogens are secreted by the ovaries.
A main function of estrogen is to stimulate the development of the uterine lining in preparation for pregnancy.
Which of the following scenarios BEST illustrates the effects of rigid gender-role conditioning?
A man prefers to have his partner initiate and be sexually aggressive with him, but he hesitates to tell her this for fear of her rejecting him.
Diversity within a subculture or ethnic group is influenced by:
All of the above
Which of the following would LEAST likely occur as a result of practicing a genital self-exam? An increased comfort with genital anatomy An increased responsibility for health care An increased strength of pelvic floor muscles An increased awareness of genital sensitivity
An increased strength of pelvic floor muscles
Two of the early church fathers in Christianity who expanded on the theme of sex as sin were:
Augustine and Aquinas.
Which two structures are found on each side of the vaginal opening? Bartholin's glands & G-spot vestibular glands & Bartholin's ducts Bartholin's glands & vestibular bulbs Cowper's glands & vestibular bulbs
Bartholin's glands & vestibular bulbs
The earliest known sex manuals were produced in:
China
Which of the following best describes sexual diversity in the United States?
Educational levels are often associated with differing sexual behaviors and attitudes.
T or F: A Pap smear is the only accepted method of detecting breast abnormalities.
F
T or F: Across all cultures, women face more restrictions on, and experience greater sanctions against, their sexuality than men.
F
T or F: Celibacy has been historically defined as abstention from sexual behavior.
F
T or F: During the Victorian era, men and women enjoyed a great gender-role flexibility.
F
T or F: Individuals with androgen insensitivity syndrome are also chromosomally abnormal.
F
T or F: Intersexed children who are born with anomalous genitals should have surgery prior to the age of 18 months when they will have developed gender identity.
F
T or F: Masculine and feminine refer to primarily innately determined characteristics.
F
T or F: Public network television programs contain far more sexual explicitness than do cable programs.
F
T or F: The American Medical Association, the American Cancer Society, and the National Cancer Institute recommend yearly mammograms for women age 30 and older, including those who have previously had breast cancer.
F
T or F: The area inside the labia minora is called the vulva.
F
T or F: The clitoris and the vaginal opening are located within the vestibule.
F
T or F: Women over the age of 65 are at a higher risk of breast cancer than younger women.
F
T or F: Few societies have rules governing sexual behavior.
False
T or F: Newborns with androgen insensitivity syndrome have normal looking female external genitals.
False
True or false: Fundamentalists hold a liberal view towards sexual behavior.
False
Which of the following statements regarding female genital cutting is FALSE? It can cause death. It is practiced in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Genital infibulation is the least extreme form. Genital cutting is not practiced in all cultures.
Genital infibulation is the least extreme form.
Which of the following is NOT true regarding Islam?
Homosexuality is given a special privileged status.
Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning recent findings or trends for intersexed children? Some intersexed children left with ambiguous genitals have adjusted comfortably to this condition. Genital altering surgery can impair the capacity for sexual pleasure. The Intersex Society of North America advocates a noninterventionist, child-centered approach in which an intersexed child is not subjected to genital-altering surgery; he or she may choose such procedures later in life. In recent years, a number of intersexed people treated under the standard protocol have expressed appreciation for having undergone medical intervention as infants.
In recent years, a number of intersexed people treated under the standard protocol have expressed appreciation for having undergone medical intervention as infants.
Which of the following statements regarding the Pap smear is FALSE? It is not 100 percent accurate. It is a relatively painless procedure. It is used to detect ovarian cancer in women. It examines cells taken from part of the cervix.
It is used to detect ovarian cancer in women.
Which of the following is true regarding toxic shock syndrome? It is caused by a staph infection and its incidence has increased over the past 10 years. It is a mild condition that rarely results in death. It is caused by tampons that are not absorbent enough. Its incidence has decreased since the removal of highly absorbent tampons from the market.
Its incidence has decreased since the removal of highly absorbent tampons from the market.
Whose pioneering studies that revealed surprising statistics on same-sex behavior, masturbation, and novel acts in the bedroom helped lead to a greater acceptance of a variety of sexual behaviors?
Kinsey
The sex for procreation legacy is MOST clearly shown in which of the following statements?
Midori thinks she is still a virgin because she has not yet had intercourse, although she has engaged in oral sex and mutual masturbation.
Which of the following is MOST TRUE regarding the gender identity of intersexed individuals? They are psychosexually neutral at birth. They can be raised to identify with whichever gender they are surgically assigned. They are likely to identify strongly with their chromosomal sex. More longitudinal research needs to be done in this area.
More longitudinal research needs to be done in this area.
T or F:A man complains about the feeling that it is his "job" to be knowledgeable, experienced and informed in his sexual relationship with his partner, and her attitude of sexual naiveté seems to reinforce this. They are both victims of the "men as initiators, women as recipients" gender-role stereotype.
T
Which of the following individuals proclaimed, "Almighty God created sexual desire in ten parts: then he gave nine parts to women and one to men"?
Muhammad's son-in-law
In the embryo, female sex structures develop from ____, and male sex structures develop from ____. Skene's ducts; the prostate gland the prostate gland; Skene's ducts Wolffian ducts; Müllerian ducts Müllerian ducts; Wolffian ducts
Müllerian ducts; Wolffian ducts
Which one is MOST accurate with respect to television?
Network and cable programs on child abuse, rape, and transgender concerns have helped to increase knowledge and to reduce the stigma associated with such topics.
Which of the following statements regarding transsexuals is FALSE? -When female-to-male transsexuals are given testosterone, menstruation is suppressed. -Even though they are given drugs that inhibit testosterone production, most male-to-female transsexuals experience no lowering of vocal pitch. -Most candidates for sex-reassignment surgery are required to live at least a year as a person of the sex to which they wish to be reassigned. -Once hormone therapy has begun, the changes that result cannot be successfully reversed.
Once hormone therapy has begun, the changes that result cannot be successfully reversed.
With respect to Internet usage, which of the following is NOT occurring now?
People are guaranteed accurate information as to the gender and age of correspondents.
With respect to Internet usage, which of the following is NOT occurring now? -People can use dating services for online conversations to see if they want to meet in person. -People are guaranteed accurate information as to the gender and age of correspondents. -Online extramarital affairs are possible. -There are message boards for transsexuals.
People are guaranteed accurate information as to the gender and age of correspondents.
T or F: A woman can feel her own cervix by inserting one or two fingers into the vagina and reaching to the end of the canal.
T
T or F: Although more and more parents try to avoid teaching their children gender stereotypes, many still encourage their children to engage in gender-typed play activities and household chores.
T
T or F: Androgynous individuals are more flexible in their behavior than those who are strongly gender-typed.
T
T or F: In China, the rates of sexually transmitted diseases and extramarital sex have been increasing since the 1980s.
T
T or F: In the absence of androgens, the fetus develops female structures.
T
T or F: Newborns with androgen insensitivity syndrome have normal looking female external genitals.
T
T or F: The pelvic floor muscles have a multidirectional design that allows the vaginal opening to expand greatly during childbirth and to contract afterward.
T
Which of the following statements regarding the clitoris is FALSE? The clitoris has approximately the same number of nerve endings as the head of the penis. The only purpose of the clitoris is sexual arousal. Clitoral stimulation is the most common way women produce arousal and orgasm during self-stimulation. The clitoris is located within the introitus.
The clitoris is located within the introitus.
Several possible consequences have stemmed from the view that reproduction is the only legitimate reason for sexual activity. Which of the following is NOT suggested as one of these?
The frequency of intercourse outside of marriage is decreased.
Which of the following statements regarding androgynous individuals is FALSE? They are more flexible in their behavior than people who are strongly gender-typed. They are more nurturing than people who adhere to the masculine role. They tend to be less achievement-oriented than people who are strongly gender-typed. They are more orgasmic and experience more sexual satisfaction than do feminine-typed women.
They tend to be less achievement-oriented than people who are strongly gender-typed.
How did U.S. involvement in World War I change the roles of women and men?
Thousands of women left the traditional homemaker role and took paying jobs for the first time.
True or false: The authors believe that the gender-role legacy produces a negative impact on our sexuality.
True
Which of the following statements is FALSE? Unlike pseudohermaphrodites, true hermaphrodites are born with gonads that match their chromosomal sex. True hermaphrodites have both ovarian and testicular tissue in their bodies. True hermaphrodites are less common than pseudohermaphrodites. Pseudohermaphroditism may be the result of a chromosomal disorder or a hormonal abnormality.
Unlike pseudohermaphrodites, true hermaphrodites are born with gonads that match their chromosomal sex.
According to the text, which one of the following was found in an analysis of music videos?
Up to 75% of music videos (depending on the type of music) contain sexual content.
Which of the following is true regarding Islamic beliefs about polygamy?
War led to a disproportionate numbers of women compared to men, so polygamy provided husbands for widows.
Which of the following BEST explains the relationship between biological sex and gender roles? We are born male or female and our gender roles naturally develop from our sex. We are born male or female and society determines our gender roles based on our genitals. We may be born male, female, or a variation of the two, and how our gender roles develop is a complex issue. If we are born anything other than male or female, our gender roles will be determined solely by how we are raised.
We may be born male, female, or a variation of the two, and how our gender roles develop is a complex issue.
Which of the following is NOT true concerning gender role influences?
When England was ruled by a beloved queen during the Victorian Era, gender roles became more blurred.
Dysmenorrhea refers to: painful menstruation. absence of menstruation. negative emotions experienced prior to menstruation. pain at ovulation.
absence of menstruation.
Sexual knowledge and safe-sex skills have not kept up with the loosening of restrictions on sexual behavior in China as shown by:
an increase in single women obtaining abortions and the increasing rates of HIV infections.
The term ____ refers to the physiological changes that occur during the transition period from fertility to infertility. climacteric menopause plateau phase menarche
climacteric
The tissue that lines the inside of the uterine wall is the: perimetrium. hymen. myometrium. endometrium.
endometrium.
he main objective of genital cutting is to: ensure virginity before marriage. experience initial intercourse without pain. prevent ectopic pregnancy. make the labia smaller or more symmetrical.
ensure virginity before marriage.
____ produce female secondary sex characteristics and help regulate the menstrual cycle. Estrogens Progestational compounds Androgens Wolffian ducts
estrogens
Sex chromosomes determine our: genetic sex. anatomical sex. gender identity. gender assumptions.
genetic sex
Which of the following best describes Victorian attitudes toward morality?
hypocritical and repressive
Surgical removal of the uterus is called a(n): oophorectomy. hysterectomy. salpingectomy. clitoridectomy.
hysterectomy
Many transsexuals develop a sense of being at odds with their genital anatomy: in early childhood. in early adolescence. in late adolescence. in early adulthood.
in early childhood.
Which of the following is a risk factor for breast cancer? slenderness lower lifetime estrogen exposure onset of menstruation after age 12 intact ovaries
intact ovaries
All of the following attitudes regarding sexuality were embraced within the classical Islamic faith EXCEPT:
men and women were both expected to be monogamous.
Alex feels that making sure he and his wife have good sex is his "job," planning when and where, making sure they both enjoy it, etc. Despite his concerns, his wife has been reluctant to assume a more active role in their sexual relationship. This couple is a victim of which of the following gender assumptions? -women as undersexed, and men as oversexed -men as strong, and women as supportive -men as initiators, and women as recipients. -women as controllers, and men as movers
men as initiators, and women as recipients.
Surgical procedures for persons requesting sex reassignment are: -most effective for male to female transsexuals. -most effective for female to male transsexuals. -equally effective for both sexes. -not effective for either sex.
most effective for male to female transsexuals.
Females are markedly less likely than males to enter math-intensive professional occupations (e.g., engineering, computer sciences, and physics), a discrepancy that according to studies may have MOST to do with factors related to: -religion. -parental child-rearing practices. -differences in cognitive skills. -genetics.
parental child-rearing practices.
The labia minora join at the:
prepuce
Over the past year, Maggie has increased the intensity of her running and weight training program and has begun having her menstrual periods infrequently, if at all. This may put her at risk for: decreased bone density and atrophy of genital tissues. irritable bowel syndrome. secondary amenorrhea. cervical cancer.
secondary amenorrhea.
Hispanic culture, on the whole, often endorses:
sexual exploration for males but places a high value on chastity before marriage for females.
The labia minora of the female is homologous to the ____ of the male. testes foreskin of the penis glans of the penis shaft of the penis
shaft of penis
The textbook primarily stresses the role of which of the following in shaping human sexuality?
social conditioning and psychological factors
