HW 10 PHOTSYNTHESIS

Photosynthesis -cannot convert sunlight energy to sugars without the direct input of _______ -is a cellular process that occurs in the _______________ of plant cells -generates sugars from the energy contained in sunlight

-CO2 -chloroplasts -

During the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis: -__________________ on special chlorophyll molecules gain energy form light -H+ ions are used to help produce the energy carriers, _____ and _________ -A _________________ ___________________ forms as excited electrons help move H+ ions

-electrons -ATP, NADPH -concentration gradient

In photosynthesizing chloroplasts -photosystems containing pigment molecules capture ________ energy and transfer the energy to _________ -hydrogen ions accumulate in the space inside the thylakoid, creating a H+ ion ___________ _________________ -energy-containing sugar molecules are synthesized by enzymes in the __________ using CO2

-light,electrons -concentration gradient -stroma

4 components of the chloroplast 1.The ___________ _______________ separates the chloroplast form the rest of the cell 2. Each ____________ is formed from stacked disk-shaped structures called thylakoids 3.The _____________ membrane houses the light-absorbing chlorophyll pigments and are the site of the light-dependent reactions that produce O2 and ATP 4. The __________ is the fluid that fills the chloroplast and houses the calvin cycle/light-dependent reactions, of photosynthesis.

1.double membrane 2.granium 3.thylakoid 4. stroma

Events of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis: 1.____________ of light get excite electrons on specific chlorophyll molecules 2. _____________ escape from chlorophyll molecules and move _______ an ETC 3._____________ ions are pumped into the interior of the thylakoid 4. ___+ ions pass through an enzyme as they move out of the thylakoid 5.ATP and __________ are produced

1.photons 2.electrons, down 3.hydrogen 4.H+ 5.NADPH

Photosynthesis process has 4 parts: 1.light-dependent reactions. which occur by the ____________ membrane 2.CO2-dependent reaction. which occur by the _________ 3.Calvin cycle. which occur by the ________ 4. oxygen production which occur by the ____________ membrane

1.thylakoid 2.stroma 3.stroma 4.thylakoid

The enzyme rubisco catalyzes the addition of _________ to ribulose bisphosphate during the calvin cycle

CO2

Photosynthesis Inputs: - - Outputs: - -

Inputs: -CO2 -H2O Outputs: -sugar/carbohydrate -O2

Calvin Cycle Inputs: - - Outputs: - - Used and Regenerated: - - Molecules made in the cytoplasm from the products -organic molecules such as glucose

Inputs: -CO2 (from outside the cell_ -ATP Outputs: -ADP -G3P Used and Regenerated: -G3P -RuBP

For light dependent reactions. Need: - - - Produce: - high energy ________ and _________

Need: -chlorophyll -H2O -light Produce: -high energy NADPH and ATP

Plants synthesize their own food in the form of sugars during the process of ____________________.

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

AUTOTROPH or HETEROTROPH? -are producers -many use photosynthesis to produce organic compounds -use inorganic materials to produce energy -make their own food

autotroph

Why do most plant leaves appear green?

chlorophyll pigments in plant cells reflect green wavelengths of light

AUTOTROPH or HETEROTROPH? -are consumers -unable to produce organic compounds from inorganic compounds -obtain their food by consuming other organisms -depend on other organisms for energy

heterotroph

Photosynthetic pigments in leaves capture ___________ energy and remove _____________ from a donor.

light, electrons

The Calvin Cycle is a ________-___________________ metabolic pathway occurring in the chloroplast stroma that converts ___________ from ____________ _______________ into _______________.

light-independent carbon carbon dioxide sugar

In photosynthesis _____________ provides the energy that excites the electrons in the chlorophyll molecules. ___________ is the source of the electrons that replace the excited electrons lost from chlorophyll.

sunlight water