HY 102 Midterm (Chapter 20)

cotton could be spun mechanically with greater efficiency

How did cotton transform the textile industry?

markets become broader, encouraged manufacturers to create larger factories with more sophisticated machines

How did railroads affect the nature of production?

farming and agriculture

In 1850, in what job did the largest number of British people work?

women generally stopped working outside of the home after their first child was born

In the "separate spheres" pattern of gender relationships

all men be given the right to vote; universal male suffrage

What was the key demand of the Chartist movement?

British handicraft workers who attacked factories and destroyed machinery they believed were putting them out of work

Who were the Luddites?

wood had been over-harvested

Why did eighteenth-century Britain have a shortage of wood?

they were accustomed to the putting-out system and had to keep up with the machine and its relentless tempo

Why were cottage workers reluctant to work in the new factories even when they received good wages?

due to a restriction of child labor and collapse of family work; help control sexuality of working-class youths

Why were jobs segregated by gender/sex?

the sexual division of labor replicated a long-standing pattern of gender segregation and inequality

Why were the young, generally unmarried women who worked for wages outside the home confined to certain "women's jobs"?