IB Sports Joints Quiz
Joint
Point of connection between two bones Where two bones articulate
Articular cartilage
Reduce friction and absorb shock
Classification of joints
Movement and stability
Hyaline cartilage
A protective layer of dense white connective tissue that covers the ends of the articulating bones Ex: nose and ear
Bursae
A small fluid-filled sac situated in places in tissues where friction would otherwise occur
Ligaments
Connective tissue that connects bone to bone
Ligaments
Connects bone to bone to help stabilize joints Strong and flexible tissues
Connective tissue
Consists of fibers that binds bones and attaches bones to bones Located in tendons, cartilage, and ligaments Provides protection for organs, stores fat, repairs tissue damage and protects against disease
Tendons
Fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones
Three classifications of joints
Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
Cartilage
Functions to absorb shock, protects bones and reduces friction
Cartilaginous joint
Held together by flexible cartilage and includes fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage (limited movement) Ex: vertebral column
Articular capsule
Joint capsule; the saclike envelope enclosing the cavity of a synovial joint
Synovial fluid
Lubricating liquid in a joint
Main functions of a joint
Mobility, support, and strength
Synovial joint
Most commonly occurring joint and most important for mobility Filled with synovial fluid Ex: Pivot, hinge, ball-and-socket, condyloid, gliding, and saddle
Fibrocartilage - menisci
Semi-lunar disks that help bones fit together more tightly and helps with cushioning and stability
Factors that affect stability and movement
Shape, area of contact, flexibility of ligaments, influence of other soft tissues (tendons, muscles)
The more movement a joint has, the less
Stability it has and greater risk of injury
Synovial membrane
The inner layer of the capsule which secretes synovial fluid
Fibrous joint
Two bones connected by fibrous connective tissue with no movement Ex: cranium, vertebrae