IB Sports Joints Quiz

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Joint

Point of connection between two bones Where two bones articulate

Articular cartilage

Reduce friction and absorb shock

Classification of joints

Movement and stability

Hyaline cartilage

A protective layer of dense white connective tissue that covers the ends of the articulating bones Ex: nose and ear

Bursae

A small fluid-filled sac situated in places in tissues where friction would otherwise occur

Ligaments

Connective tissue that connects bone to bone

Ligaments

Connects bone to bone to help stabilize joints Strong and flexible tissues

Connective tissue

Consists of fibers that binds bones and attaches bones to bones Located in tendons, cartilage, and ligaments Provides protection for organs, stores fat, repairs tissue damage and protects against disease

Tendons

Fibrous connective tissue that connects muscles to bones

Three classifications of joints

Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Cartilage

Functions to absorb shock, protects bones and reduces friction

Cartilaginous joint

Held together by flexible cartilage and includes fibrocartilage or hyaline cartilage (limited movement) Ex: vertebral column

Articular capsule

Joint capsule; the saclike envelope enclosing the cavity of a synovial joint

Synovial fluid

Lubricating liquid in a joint

Main functions of a joint

Mobility, support, and strength

Synovial joint

Most commonly occurring joint and most important for mobility Filled with synovial fluid Ex: Pivot, hinge, ball-and-socket, condyloid, gliding, and saddle

Fibrocartilage - menisci

Semi-lunar disks that help bones fit together more tightly and helps with cushioning and stability

Factors that affect stability and movement

Shape, area of contact, flexibility of ligaments, influence of other soft tissues (tendons, muscles)

The more movement a joint has, the less

Stability it has and greater risk of injury

Synovial membrane

The inner layer of the capsule which secretes synovial fluid

Fibrous joint

Two bones connected by fibrous connective tissue with no movement Ex: cranium, vertebrae


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