IDFX - Questions and Answers
convergent photogrammetry
A type of photogrammetry that uses multiple photographic images of an object taken at different angles. Measurements and 3D models are derived with the use of software that traces the overlapping photographs.
This psychologist proposed a hierarchy of human needs, ranging from basic needs to more advanced needs, such as self-actualization:
Abraham Maslow
Which information should the designer know first when designing a home with a passive solar heating system?
Climate zone in which the project will be constructed.
Material recovery
Collection and use of diverted waste materials
________________ is best located with the help of drawings, as much of it is related to the communication, electrical, and other architectural features of the building.
Equipment
describe brightness either reflected or transmitted from a source or surface (luminance), and account for the projected area (i.e., only the area that you see when looking at the source). It is measured in candela per square meter.
Foot lamberts
In regard to a code of ethics, which is NOT true? It is a lower standard than the local laws having jurisdiction. They form a consensus of what constitutes right and wrong in business. They are unwritten "rules" that govern conduct in society. Moral principles applied to business situations that arise.
It is a lower standard than the local laws having jurisdiction.
When the term "social responsibility" is used in relation to the Interior Design profession it usually means:
It is the use of the interior designer's expertise to enhance public places.
The designer is asked to specify a product that is Greenguard Certified for a sustainable project. Which type of product would they search for?
Low emitting building material
The amount of light output produced by a lamp or light source; this is how lamp manufacturers rate their lamps and publish catalogs with this information:
Lumens
What would be the best type of light source for a jewelry display case?
MR16 MR16 lamps are available in the smallest lamp size of the choices given and could easily fit within the area of a display case.
In a smaller scale set of drawings, plumbing would typically be included in which set of consultant's drawings?
Mechanical
Estimate the material costs for wallcovering a room measuring 22ft (6.7 m) wide by 21 feet (6.4 m) long. -The ceiling height is 9 ft (2.7 m). -There are 2 windows and three doors. -The room is to be covered in a 54 inch (137 cm) wide vinyl wallcovering. -The wallcovering costs $13 per linear foot ($41.60 per linear meter). -The wallcovering is sold in full yards or full 30-yard (27 m) bolts, with a $3.00 cutting fee for orders under 30 yards. What is the total cost of the material needed to cover the room?
Step 1: Calculate the perimeter of the room 22 + 22 + 21 + 21 = 86 linear feet Step 2: Multiply the perimeter by the height to be covered. 86 × 9 = 774 linear feet Step 3: Since the roll is 54 inches wide, the doors and windows are not significant. Most doors and windows would be under 54 inches wide. Step 4: The 54″ wallcovering is sold by the linear yard, so you must calculate the linear yardage. To do this, divide Step 2 by 13.5 (13.5 square feet per yard in 54-inch goods). Step 5: The cost is given in feet, so you have to convert that to the price per yard. 3 ft=1 yard, so multiply the cost by $13 × 3= $39 per linear yard. Step 6: Calculate total cost by multiplying total linear yards by cost per yard.58 × 39 = $2,262 total cost
A subcontractor informs you that they must have access to the construction area to take measurements before the case goods are finished and delivered because the drawings submitted noted N.T.S. which indicates:
Not to Scale
What kind of drawing is the most common for complex ceiling systems in large commercial projects?
Reflected ceiling plan
Exit Discharge
That portion of the means-of-egress system between the termination of the exit and a public way.
Exit access
That portion of the means-of-egress system that leads from any occupied portion in a building or structure to an exit.
Which of the following would be the best wall treatment to use in a hospital corridor?
Type III vinyl wallcovering Type III is used where extra heavy duty use is expected such as public corridors, food service areas and hospitals.
Stereophotogrammetry
Type of photogrammetry that uses two overlapping photographs in a computer program to produce a digital stereo image.
shoulder miter joint
Types of Miter Joint: A miter joint having a raised surface to limit motion between the joined parts.
During the schematic design phase, which is the most appropriate sequence of steps for producing a space plan?
Spaces requiring plumbing, largest spaces, general circulation, public spaces, then other room allocations
What can an interior designer do to improve indoor air quality?
Specify low-emitting interior finishes
What is the most sustainably responsible thing you can do as a designer when a client wants to specify a rare wood veneer from an historically over-forested area?
Specify the wood type requested from an FSC source
"Price discrimination" covers what aspect of protection to the consumer as it relates to the interior design profession?
It allows a merchant to sell to the consumer for any price that they determine. Price discrimination only affects sales between merchants. A merchant has the legal right to sell to the consumer at any price that he or she determines.
An interior designer would most likely use anthropometric information to
determine the percentage of children who would sit comfortably on custom seating at a daycare facility
Conducting a site analysis is
due diligence
Most people in the United States typically conduct business and relate to strangers at which distance?
4ft to 12ft (1.2 m to 3.6 m)
Which is the most correct statement about acoustic quality?
A 7 dB reduction of the noise within a room would be clearly noticeable.A Any change above 5 db is clearly noticeable.
Which of the following is the correct sequence of process drawings completed in the schematic design phase?
bubble diagrams, prototype sketches, block diagram, schematic space plan
What combination of combustible and non-combustible trim and decoration is permissible in occupancies A, E, I, R-1, and R-2?
combustible 10%, noncombustible unlimited
Which of the following concepts would be most critical during a fire in a high rise building?
compartmentation
The complexity of the human environment interface makes it difficult to base a design theory only on
environmental design research
the five step process
establishing goals, collecting and analyzing facts, uncovering and testing concepts, determining needs and stating the problem. during programming phase
fadeometer
exposes a portion of a fabric to a light source for a specific number of hours. The exposed section is compared to the unexposed section and then rated on a scale of 1 to 5 (no change) for fading. Typical for upholstery or wallcovering is a minimum standard of 40 hours with little or no change.
What device placed in a duct is designed to automatically close when subjected to a certain increase in temperature or with the detection of smoke?
fire damper
Which method of veneer cut results in the straightest grain possible from most species of trees?
quarter slicing Quarter slicing creates the most straight grained pattern because the cutting knife strikes the growth rings at a 90 degree angle.
What are the four main stages of a product's life cycle?
raw-material acquisition, manufacturing, use in a building and disposal
Which type of construction drawing would a designer consult if they wanted to find the location of the sprinkler heads?
reflected ceiling plan
Which principle of design would a designer use if their goal was for the user to visually move around or through an entire space?
rhythm
In a rectangular layout 90,000 sq. ft. single-story office building, what would be of greatest concern in space planning?
travel distances
On which drawings would you find the abbreviations NIC, BRK, FPL?
working drawings (floor plans) NIC: not in contract BRK: break FPL: fireplace As abbreviations may vary, these should also be listed in the drawing legend.
What would be the best scale to use to communicate a ceiling soffit detail?
1-1/2"
You are working on the renovation on an existing property into a small hotel convention center and meeting facility. What should you do before beginning the project? -Verify the capacities of the HVAC and electrical systems to handle new occupancies -Schedule a walk through, for measuring, photographing and determining views from the space -Analyze codes and regulations that pertain to the project, determining sustainability requirements and goals for the project -all of these
-all of these
All of the following are true about a task/ambient lighting system EXCEPT? -provides general illumination with separate light fixtures used at task area -responds to individual lighting needs -creates a more pleasant work environment than other lighting systems -provides all light output on the task
-provides all light output on the task Direct lighting systems provide all light output on the task, while a task/ambient system provides only some of the lighting on the task, and fills in the surrounding area with general lighting.
When finding wallpaper totals, account for __% for waste
20%
Commercial-grade cabinets are most often constructed of panel products with a thickness of
3/4 in
Determine the minimum distance between two exits for this auditorium in a sprinklered high rise building.
35' 4" if the entire building is equipped with an automatic sprinkler system, most of the codes allow the minimum distance to be 1/3 (a third) of the diagonal distance
stacking diagram - what is it and what phase of design process is it produced in?
A drawing that shows the locations of major spaces or departments when a project occupies more than one floor of a multi-story building. It is based on departments or major grouping of spaces that are usually worked out before each floor area is planned in detail. stacking diagrams should include square footage figures. Stacking diagrams need to be followed up with bubble and blocking diagrams per each floor. Programming: During programming, the designer consults with the owner to develop project requirements, feasibility studies, and how the project will fit within the location and budget constraints.
flow chart
A graphic organizer that can be used to show the procedural pathways within a program.
rabbet joint
A joinery technique where an "L" groove across the end of the edge of one piece of wood fits into a edge or end of another board with an "L" groove.
dado joint
A joint where one piece is grooved to receive the piece which forms the other part of the joint.
A renovation project has complex blueprint matched veneer paneled walls with a unique ceiling to wall transition detail, which the Interior Designer is trying to match. What would be the BEST way to go about detailing the construction drawings to ensure a seamless transition between existing and new paneled walls?
Add a reference note to the working drawings asking the contractor to match to existing site conditions, to notify designer of any discrepancies, and to provide shop drawings prior to starting any construction to ensure a perfect match
Area of Refuge
An area where people unable to use stairways can remain temporarily while waiting for assistance
life-cycle assessment
Analysis of environmental impacts of products from the design stage through end-of-life.
You are field verifying a space to document existing conditions. Which of the following steps is MOST important? A. Matching the dimensioning system that will be used to develop CADD drawings B. Establishing a dimension convention prior to commencing site work C. Indicating field measurements in inches for simplicity D. Recording clear door width and frames separately
B. Establishing a dimension convention prior to commencing site work
To accommodate the principles of Universal Design, what is the most obviously controllable aspect of a lighting design to address the sensory needs of the largest group of individuals?
Brightness
What is the most important criterion for lighting a fabric showroom?
CRI
Which test is used to test flame spread of floor coverings?
Critical Radiant Flux
While as a competent designer needs to understand issues across all phases of the design process, zoning requirements are usually thoroughly investigated, satisfied and resolved in which phase of the design?
Design Development phase -Building code -Green code -Other requirements, such as those set by the zoning department.
Which technique would be a more accurate measuring procedure for documenting large spaces?
Electronic Distance Measurement
On what drawing in a construction drawing set would you MOST likely find the dimension noting the height of a handrail for a stair?
Elevation drawing of the stair Sections of the handrail itself, nosing, etc. are too detailed to show an overall dimension such as handrail height, and typically contain more specific information as to how those elements are to be constructed, and not the overall mounting height of such elements.
the energy required by a product or material for its extraction as a raw material, initial processing, and subsequent manufacture into a finished product
Embodied energy is defined as?
Which is the best choice for window coverings for a new conference center addition at a tropical resort? The ballroom will have a large expanse of full height glass and a view of the landscaped courtyard overlooking the beach. The design style is exotic but formal suited to weddings, galas and other events.
FR polyester with blackout lining
In designing an office space for a short term lease on one floor of an office, which furniture selection would BEST meet the client's need for an open-plan office layout?
Free-standing furniture with movable panels will allow for the most flexibility in reconfiguring the space as the needs change or the organization grows.
What two groups of needs does Maslow's Hierarchy of needs further describe?
Growth and deficiency needs
Which types of luminaires require a ballast?
HID and Fluorescent LED luminaires do not require ballasts, but do require a transformer or driver which is sometimes incorporated into the lamp
Which window treatment is best for controlling lighting in an open office area?
Horizontal blinds also known as Venetian blinds,
In regards to human comfort, which of the following would not be a consideration? air quality humidity lighting ergonomics
Human comfort is based on the quality of the following primary environmental factors: humidity air movement air temperature temperature radiation to and from surrounding surfaces air quality sound vibration light
an inexpensive, compact light source that is easy to dim, can be repeatedly started without a decrease in lamp life, and have a warm color rendition. Their light output can be easily controlled with reflectors and lenses.
Incandescent lamps
As an interior designer, what is the best method to make sure old carpet from the renovation of an office building will be recycled?
Include a specification on the drawing set detailing the recycling procedure for the old carpet
What would be the best way to ensure that the finish on new millwork matches the finish on existing millwork on a remodeling project?
Indicate on the drawings and in the specifications that the new work should match the existing work. it puts the entire burden of matching the existing finish on the contractor and painting subcontractor.
If the project is competitively bid, the details must be very complete and fully describe the extent of the work so the client will get a valid cost quote.
On smaller, negotiated contract jobs where the majority of details are somewhat standard; there may be fewer details because some of the final decisions may be made during construction.
For the home of a family of 4 with two young children, the client has indicated that they would like to use a natural and environmentally-friendly hard flooring throughout the main areas of their home. The flooring must be durable and appropriate for their 2 and 4 year old children. Which of the following would be your best choice to meet their needs?
Palm wood flooring is available in 3⁄4" x 3" (19mm x 76mm) wide strips with tongue and groove edges like those of standard strip flooring. It is harder and more stable than maple, red oak and white oak.
Which chair is most appropriate for the waiting area at a bariatric physicians office? Patients and most guests are over 60 years old.
Patients who are overweight and elderly will need a chair that is wide and has firm armrests for pushing up out of the seat. The seat cushion should also not be too deep or too plush.
Avora FR is a trade name for what?
Polyester
At what stage in the design process should views be considered and incorporated into the design process?
Programming
CEU's or "continuing education units" serve what main purpose?
Provide lifelong learning opportunities outside of a formal degree.
Which information would not be found in an elevation drawing? -The manner in which an assembly of several parts is organized and connected -Wall-mounted equipment -The configuration and finish of wall surfaces -Reference to other sections or details
The manner in which an assembly of several parts is organized and connected. Would be found in a detail drawing
There are a number of considerations that are important in designing a safe and accessible residential bathroom. Which is the most important?
There should be at least 30x48 inches of clear space in front of an accessible tub or shower.
Which of the following describes the method most commonly used for setting floor tile in a residential installation?
Thin-set: Setting tile in an adhesive made from cement, fine sand and other chemicals that is not typically greater than 3/32" (2mm) thick.
What is the best drawing to use when communicating the depth and dimensions of various moldings and reveals on a decorative wall in a conference room?
Vertical Section
When would a designer determine potential noise problems, either from inside or outside the building?
during the field survey
Which of these carpet fibers would be the BEST option for a specification on a project seeking LEED Certification and specifically concerned with Life-Cycle Cost (LCC)?
Wool Depending upon the usage requirements, wool costs more upfront, but is a renewable resource and may have a lower cost over the entire lifetime of the product as compared to other products or synthetic fibers that need frequent replacement.
What performance tests should be specified for a custom-blended fabric to be used in a recreation center reception area?
Wyzenbeek and fading
An interior designer is evaluating various alternatives for a particular building product as they relate to sustainability. The interior designer would most likely use
a life-cycle assessment
parti diagram
a rough drawing, doodle, or diagram used early in the schematic design process to represent a design concept The parti should communicate something about the form as well as the concept.
orthophotography
a technique for aggregating digital photographs into a single, three-dimensional image, using sophisticated computer programs.
rectified photography
a technique for producing scalable images of building façades.
In which order would you create the following process drawings?
adjacency matrices, bubble diagrams, block diagrams
What is one of the most important factors to include in the design of workstations?
adjustability
How can an interior designer control the acoustic quality of a room? through space planning design of ceilings selection of finishes all of these
all of these
Membership in an Interior Design professional association is:
another means of distinguishing oneself within the profession.
Public Way
any street, alley, or similar area open to the outside air leading to a street and open to the public for permanent public use with a clear width and height of not less than 10 feet (3048 mm).
For many different reasons in a construction project the final space may be different than the space reflected in the original construction drawings. When this happens what type of document must be produced and given to the client?
as-built drawings
If a designer wanted to emphasize a significant feature at both ends of a space, which plan arrangement would best achieve this goal?
axial
Which of the following drawings would be most needed to begin space planning in an existing building?
base plan
Which of the following is NOT true of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory of behavior?
basic needs can be simultaneously met while moving to other levels of needs
The study that takes a holistic and human view of data to tell us not only what is happening, but also how and why it is happening is called:
behavioral analytics/predictive analytics
The process of studying performance statistics of one firm against another that is considered an industry leader.
benchmarking
Before space planning begins a designer should have all of the following information EXCEPT? block diagrams inventory of existing furniture gross area occupancy groups
block diagrams Block diagrams will be developed during the space planning process as part of the schematic design phase, so it is impossible to have them before the process begins.
Which diagram is part of the schematic design phase and used to move from verbal and simplified graphic notation toward true scale and the eventual realization of architectural form?
block plan key word: architectural form
Which symbol represents a quadruplex outlet?
c
Planning an interior in a building with an atrium would suggest which of the following organizational concepts?
central
The best way to avoid fabric slippage over a cushion would be to specify
channeling
The best way to avoid fabric slippage over a cushion would be to specify
channeling Because channeling is a method of attaching fabric to a cushion and direct attachment is the best way to avoid slippage, it is the best choice.
Which element of design is one of the most powerful tools for the interior designer and is also one of the most complex to understand and apply?
color
To help overcome certain sensory-related disorders including Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), studies have revealed that the human body needs lighting that does which of the following?
creates a lighting rhythm occurring in a roughly 24-hour cycle
All of the following are components of the programming report EXCEPT? analysis of existing space executive summary code requirements design concept
design concept Design concepts are created after all of this information has been gathered and analyzed. A design concept represents the physical solution to functional requirements.
To best explain the finish transition from a poured concrete floor to a thin-set porcelain tile occurring at the transition from a corridor to a restroom, what type of construction drawings would be most appropriate?
detail drawing
What type of drawing satisfies the requirements of either design intent, constraints, function or constructability?
detail drawing
In creating drawings for paneling that will be suspended from a wall with cleats, the most important piece of information is the
dimension between the panel top and ceiling
When selecting classroom desks for an elementary school what should a designer consider in order of importance?
durability, cost, design
In specifying materials to be used for the custom fabrication of window treatments in an assisted living facility, which of the following is the most important consideration when selecting the fabric?
flammability
A project manager wants to involve her entire design and construction team in the scheduling of an upcoming project. Which of the following scheduling methods allows for interaction and discussion among the team as it relates to project scheduling?
full wall schedule
Placing emphasis on providing simple, rational solutions to design problems without extraneous decoration is known as?
functionalism
Which of the following is best described as the correctness of fit between objects and spaces and the needs of the people using those objects and spaces?
human factors
A Class A fabric will not
ignite Although Class A fabric chars least, it will not ignite.
"Inclusive" design, sometimes referred to as "universal" design, is characterized by what main feature?
inclusive design addresses the needs of the broadest range of individuals
The main difference between "inclusive" design and "accessible" design is:
inclusive design is for the broadest range of individuals where accessible design is for a single group of people
What building material can be used along the bottom of a door to prevent the passage of fire, heat and smoke?
intumescent respond to fire by expanding rapidly, insulating the surfaces they protect by filling the gaps to prevent the passage of fire, heat and smoke.
What is NOT a means of addressing noise from outside of a space ? segregate loud and quiet areas reduce the transmission of sound isolate the noise at its source attenuate sound through use of materials
isolate the noise at its source
Inclusivity in design is characterized by what main issues?
it provides a diversity of ways to allow maximum participation
Interior designers use what types of measuring tools
laser, tape measure, templating
A residential client is worried about the pattern repeat match for their grandmother's fluted wingback armchair that will be reupholstered and used in a new space. Which fabric would be most appropriate to eliminate any pattern matching and be used as an accompanying window treatment?
look for textile with no repeat and that is rated NFPA 701 because that tests drapery flammability
The interior designer's best source concerning the limitations on the use of a product can be obtained from the
manufacturer who makes the product
In an office building space that requires two exits, you have determined that the distance between your exits must be a minimum of 20 feet apart. Which of the following 4 layouts accurately represents an arrangement of exits that meets this code requirement?
measure distance on center
Color Rendering Index (CRI)
measurement showing effect of a light source on the color of objects based on a 0 to 100 scale
Which scenario is best suited to hand measuring?
measuring spaces of moderate size and complexity
When audible and visual (A/V) life safety alarms are used in a combination device, a general consideration that needs to be accommodated is:
more devices may be required due to the requirements for visible alarms
taber abraser test
most often used for testing carpet not fabric.
When you are developing a criteria matrix to help organize users' needs regarding acoustics, which of the following is NOT one of the first issues you should identify? noise isolation sound absorption noise transmission sound privacy
noise transmission The planning process for acoustics begins with the initial space planning analysis. Good architectural acoustics begin with concepts of zoning and isolation, followed later by transmission and absorption.
If a material does not ignite and burn it is considered to be?
noncombustible
When designing a stairway, which items must be designed to specific requirements to be accessible?
nosing and handrail There are no special accessibility requirements on the height of the riser or depth of the stair treads that vary from the standard building code.
When a fabric has been fire-retardant treated, it will
not burn A fire-retardant (or flame-retardant) treated fabric may ignite, but it will not support continued burning.
In the programming phase of a project, an interior designer is busy collecting information during a site visit. Which is one possible reason to verify results using another method?
observation is best used to verify information gathered in interviews or questionnaires
Which of the following are conceptual plan arrangements?
open, clustered, linear, grid
A criteria matrix is used for:
organizing programming information
Which form of stainless steel should be specified for ornamental interior applications?
ornamental tubing
What are the three basic adjacency needs?
people, products and information
Which plan prepared by the interior designer would show the location of power/data/switching?
power/communications plan
During programming interviews, when a client offers important verbal information, the sketches that are developed to document them are often called what?
precept diagrams
Which is the MOST important requirement for exits?
protected by fire-rated construction
Which is the study of how human beings relate to a space based on their cultural background?
proxemics
The typical size of an office's projects, the filing system used by the office, the capabilities of the reproduction and plotting equipment, and client requirements all determine:
size of the drawing sheet used for an interior design project Typically, an office will use one or two standard sized for all projects it does. Sheet size is most typically determined by the size needed to draw a floor plan on one sheet without dividing the plan into sections.
You have been asked to create a formal and sophisticated space. Which elements and principles of design are most appropriate to create this type of feeling in the space?
symmetrical balance, vertical lines, the colors navy, gray, and white
This drawing that generally shows most of the furniture and equipment to scale, and gives the designer an opportunity to see if the actual spaces are suitable for the proposed building space:
test fit plan
Recyclability
the ability of a previously used material to be used as a resource in the manufacture of a new product.
Flammability
the ability to burn rarely an issue because most contract or institutional fabrics are Class A, the most stringent code classification. However designers must always check this specification.
In developing a signage system for a health care clinic, the designer decides that the room identification signs should be mounted perpendicular to the wall near the door to each room. What would be of LEAST concern in the design work? whether or not the width of the accessible route was reduced the mounting height to the center of the sign the amount the Braille lettering is raised above the surface the color of the lettering and its background
the color of the lettering and its background
Coproduction
the creation of a new coproduct from materials that would otherwise be considered production waste.
Data visualization
the graphical representation of information and data. By using visual elements like charts, graphs, and maps, data visualization tools provide an accessible way to see and understand trends, outliers, and patterns in data.
In regards to means of egress, what is the furthest common path of egress travel distance?
the measurement from the most remote occupiable point of an area or room that an occupant must travel before two separate and distinct paths of egress travel to two exits becomes available
A designer is developing a space plan for a full floor tenant in a high-rise building. What two things does the designer need to know when determining the maximum travel distance?
the occupancy classification and whether the building is sprinklered
Adaptive reuse
the process of redesigning and converting a building to a use other than that for which it was originally developed.
The full extent of slab-to-slab partitions on a project is best shown on
the reflected ceiling plan
The main purpose of interior design professional associations is:
they provides both tangible and intangible business benefits.
In general, fire door assemblies are rated at what fraction of the rating of the surrounding wall?
three-fourths a 45 minute door is used in a 1-hour rated wall, a 3-hour fire door is used in a 4-hour rated wall.
Which programmatic concept is a designer addressing for the programming of a health club if they opt to provide additional room in an indoor pool area beyond the space needed for the pool and circulation?
tolerance
If 13 black and white photographs, all framed with different styles and colors of frames, were grouped on a wall painted a light, cool gray, which design principle would the designer be using?
variety
Infographics
visual presentations of information that use the elements of design to display content. Infographics express complex messages to viewers in a way that enhances their comprehension. Images are often an extension of the content of a written article, but infographics convey a self-contained message or principle.
A schedule for construction drawings would be used to indicate all of the following except? -window treatment hardware -ceiling finishes -types of doors -wall finishes
window treatment hardware Common schedules for interior design construction drawings include room finish, door, kitchen equipment, millwork and hardware. Window treatment hardware is NOT part of construction, while millwork hardware is.